Unit 21 Human Biology
Lesson 1 Super Athletes
Grammar : Conditionals Revision
1．条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
2．如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句（Zero conditional）。真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
Eg。If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the par.
如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园.
3.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚假条件句,共有三种情况.
Eg. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的.(事实上他昨天没有见到你,因此也未能问你这件事.)
4.在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气.虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:
时间
从句
主句
与现在事实相反
动词过去式(be动词的过去式一般用were)
would(should/could/might)+动词原形
与过去事实相反
Had+过去分词
would(should/could/might)+had过去分词
与将来事实相反
动词过去式/should+动词原形
were to+动词原形
would(should/could/might)+动词原形
5.虚拟条件句的用法
1)????? 表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果(1st conditional)
Eg. If I were you,I should/could/would/might tell him the truth.
如果我是你,我就会/可能对他说实话.
If he had time, he would/could/might go with you.
如果他有时间,他就会/可能和你一起去.
If my brother were here,everything would be all right.
要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了.
2)????? 表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果(2nd conditional)
Eg. If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t/couldn’t have failed in the exam.
如果你按照我的建议去做,你不会/不可能考试不及格.
If I had had the money last week, I should/would/could/might have bought a car.
如果我上星期有了这笔钱,我就会/可能买辆车.
She would/could/might have telephoned you immediately, if she had won the game.
如果她比赛赢了,她就会/可能给你打电话.
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would/could/might have met the famous singer.
如果你早来几分钟的话,你就会/可能会见到那个著名的歌唱家.
3)????? 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果(3rd conditional)
Eg. If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should/would/could/might go to see my grandmother.
如果明天是星期天,我就/可能去看我的奶奶.
If it were to snow this evening,they would not go out.
如果今晚下雪,他们就不出去了.
If it should rain,the crops would/could/might be saved.
如果下雨,庄稼就一定/可能有救.
6.主,从句的动作发生时间不一致的情况(mixed conditional)
有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整.
Eg. If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.
如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了.(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)
If you had practiced speaking English more, you would be able to speak it fluently.
如果你多练习讲英语,现在就能讲得很流利了.
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