英语高二下外研版选修8 Module 2教案03（Words and Expressions）
英语：Module 2《The Renaissance》英文教案（3）（外研版选修8）
Section 3 Words and Expressions
work n.
1.sth. created as a result of effort, especially a painting, book or piece of music：The museum has many works by Picasso as well as other modern painters. the poetic works of Tagore
2 an activity, such as a job, which a person uses physical or mental effort or do, usually for money: I’ve got so much work to do. Carrying heavy loads around all day is hard work. What time do you start/finish work? Adrian does most of the work around the house. What sort of work are you experienced in? She tends to wear quite smart clothes for work. Roger’s work involves a lot of travelling. 3 the material used by someone at work, or what they produce: I'll have to take this work home with me and finish it there. All the furniture is the work of residents here. v. to do a job, especially the job you do to earn money, or to make someone do a job: He works at the local hospital. She worked as a cleaner at the hospital. Mike works for a computer company. It’s not unusual for a junior doctor to work a seventy or sometimes an eighty hour week. Have you any experience of working with children who have learning difficulties?
The instructors worked us very hard on the survival course.
overnight adj. adv.
1 for or during the night: an overnight stop in Paris You can stay overnight if you want to. Don’t forget to pack an overnight bag (= a bag for things that you need when you stay away from home for a night). 2 suddenly and unexpectedly: She became a star overnight. The book was an overnight success.
medieval adj.
related to the Middle Ages (= the period in European history from about 600 AD to 1500 AD): a medieval building/painting/town a medieval manuscript
frontier n.
a border between two countries, or (especially in the past in the United States) a border between cultivated land where people live and wild land: Some of the frontier between Germany and Poland follows the course of the river Oder. Nepal has frontiers with both India and China. They lived in a town close to the frontier.
perspective n.
the way that objects appear smaller when they are further away and the way parallel lines appear to meet each other at a point in the distance: In 15th-century Italy, artists rediscovered the rules of perspective.
cathedral n.
a very large, usually stone, building for Christian worship, which is the largest and most important church of a diocese (= area): Salisbury Cathedral
motivate
v. 1 [T often passive] to cause someone to behave in a particular way: Like so many people, he’s motivated by greed. He is genuinely motivated by a desire to help people. 2 [T] to make someone want to do sth. well: [+ to infinitive] Teaching is all about motivating people to learn.
n. a reason for doing sth.: Why would she have killed him? She has no motive. Does he have a motive for lying about where he was? What is the motive behind (= the reason for) the bombing? I think you should examine/question their motives in offering to lend you the money. She denies that she has has an ulterior (= secret) motive for making the donation.
skilled adj.
1 having the abilities needed to do an activity or job well: My mother is very skilled at/in dressmaking. 2 Skilled work needs someone who has had special training to do it: Nursing is a highly skilled job.
ornate adj.
1 having a lot of complicated decoration: a room with an ornate ceiling and gold mirrors 2 MAINLY DISAPPROVING Language which is ornate contains too many complicated words or phrases: Some students are put off studying his work because of the ornate language of the poetry.
tax
n. (an amount of) money paid to the government, which is based on your income or of the cost of goods or services you have bought: They’re putting up the tax on cigarettes. Tax cuts (= reductions in taxes) are always popular. What do you earn before/after tax (= before/after you have paid tax on the money you earn)? v. to make someone pay a tax: Husbands and wives may be taxed independently/together.
reckon v.
1 to consider or have the opinion that something is as stated: I don’t reckon much UK to/US of their chances of winning (= I do not think they will win). She was widely reckoned (to be) the best actress of her generation.
2 to think or believe: I reckon it’s going to rain. [+ (that)] How much do you reckon (that) it’s going to cost? “Can you fix my car today?” “I reckon not/so (= probably not/probably).”
anecdote n.
a short often amusing story, especially about sth. someone has done: He told one or two amusing anecdotes about his years as a policeman.
authentic adj.
If sth. is authentic, it is real, true, or what people say it is: an authentic 1920s dress authentic Italian food He was there and saw what happened, so his is the only authentic account.
spokesman n. (ALSO spokesperson) someone who is chosen by a group or organization to speak officially to the public for them: a government spokesperson
dash
v. 1 to go somewhere quickly: I’ve been dashing around all day. I must dash - I've got to be home by seven.
2 to hit with great force, especially causing damage: The tidal wave dashed the ship against the rocks. Waves dashed against the cliffs.
n.1 [S] when you run somewhere very quickly: I made a dash for the toilets. There was a mad dash for the exit. As soon as the rain dies down I’m going to make a dash for it (= run somewhere very fast). 2 [C usually singular] MAINLY US a race over a short distance: Who won the 100-yard dash?
flee v.
to escape by running away, especially because of danger or fear: She fled (from) the room in tears. In order to escape capture, he fled to the mountains.
appeal
v. to make a serious or formal request, especially to the public, for money or help: They’re appealing for clothes and blankets to send to the devastated region. The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl. I tried to appeal to (= ask for support based on) his sense of loyalty, stressing how good the company had been to him. [+ to infinitive] Church leaders have appealed to the government to halt the war.
n. when a lot of people are asked to give money, information or help: They’re launching (= starting) an appeal to raise money for famine victims. [+ to infinitive] The police have issued an appeal to the public to stay away from the centre of town at the weekend.
circulate v.
to move around or through sth., or to make sth. move around or through sth.: Hot water circulates through the heating system. I try to circulate (= move around and talk to a lot of people) at a party and not just stay with the friends I came with. I’ve circulated a good luck card for everyone to sign.
seek v.
1 to try to find or get sth., especially sth. which is not a physical object:
“Are you actively seeking jobs?” she asked.
Hundreds of dissidents are seeking refuge/asylum in the US embassy.
2 to ask for advice, help, approval, permission, etc:
Legal advice should be sought before you take any further action.
tentative adj.
(of a plan or idea) not certain or agreed, or (of a suggestion or action) said or done in a careful but uncertain way because you do not know if you are right: I have made tentative plans to take a trip to Seattle in July.
blame
v. to say or think that someone or sth. did sth. wrong or is responsible for sth. bad happening: Don’t blame me (= It is not my fault) if you miss the bus! Hugh blames his mother for his lack of confidence. Hugh blames his lack of confidence on his mother. You can’t really blame Helen for not wanting to get involved. n. Health officials put the blame for the disease on (= state that the reason for the disease is) poor housing conditions. If anything goes wrong, I’ll take the blame (= I will state that it is my fault). They tried to pin (= put) the blame for the killing on an innocent army officer. We want to find out what happened, not to apportion blame (= to say someone or something was wrong).
manuscript n.
1 the original copy of a book or article before it is printed: He sent the 400-page manuscript to his publisher. 2 an old document or book written by hand in the times before printing was invented: It is thought that the manuscript is the work of a monk and dates from the twelfth century.
squeeze
v. 1 to press sth. firmly, especially from all sides in order to change its shape, reduce its size or remove liquid from it: Cut the lemon in half and squeeze the juice into the bowl. As she waited to go into the exam, he squeezed her hand (= pressed it affectionately with his hand) and wished her good luck. Once he had finished cleaning the floor, he squeezed the cloth out. He reloaded the gun, took aim and then squeezed (= pulled back) the trigger. FIGURATIVE The studio is using all sorts of marketing tricks to squeeze as much profit from the movie as they can. 2 If you are squeezed by financial demands, they cause you financial problems: Small businesses are being squeezed by heavy taxation.
n. 1 [C] when you press sth. firmly: She gave the present a quick squeeze and tried to guess what was inside. Garnish the fish with some fresh parsley and a squeeze of lemon. 2 [C usually singular] a reduction or limit: The squeeze on profits in the oil industry has led to thousands of redundancies. The squeeze on local spending means that many services will have to be cut. 3 [C usually singular] a period in which the supply of money is limited by the government because of economic difficulties: The government has imposed a sharp credit squeeze in an attempt to hold down inflation.
inspire v.
1 to make someone feel that they want to do sth. and can do it: His confident leadership inspired his followers. [+ to infinitive] After her trip to Venezuela, she felt inspired to learn Spanish. 2 to make someone have a particular strong feeling or reaction: She inspires great loyalty among her followers. The captain's heroic effort inspired them with determination. 3 to give someone an idea for a book, film, product, etc: a piece of music inspired by dolphin sounds The design of the car has inspired many imitations.
profession n.
1 any type of work which needs special training or a particular skill, often one which is respected because it involves a high level of education: He left the teaching profession in 1965 to set up his own business. The report notes that forty per cent of lawyers entering the profession are women. Teaching as a profession is very underpaid. He’s a doctor by profession. 2 the people who do a type of work, considered as a group: There’s a feeling among the nursing profession that their work is undervalued. 3 the professions jobs which need special training and skill, such as being a doctor or lawyer, but not work in business or industry
calculate v.
to judge the number or amount of sth. by using the information that you already have, and adding, multiplying, subtracting or dividing numbers: The cost of the damage caused by the recent storms has been calculated as/at over ￡5 million. The new tax system would be calculated on the value of property owned by an individual. [+ question word] At some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished. [+ that] He’s calculated that it would take him two years to save up enough for a car.
经典时文背诵
The major in Renaissance Studies is a special major in the humanities whose purpose is to contribute to an integrated understanding of the Western cultural tradition (see also "Special Programs in the Humanities").
It is an interdisciplinary（各学科间的） program that introduces us to that period in European history conventionally termed the Renaissance - very roughly the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in Italy, the sixteenth century in northern and western Europe, 1500-1660 in England.
Those choosing the major study several aspects of this rich civilization, including visual arts, social and political history, history of ideas and philosophy, religion, literature, and history of music. Such study of a distant era demands and fosters a capacity for intellectual flexibility; what to be learned are the various languages of the era's visual arts, of early Protestantism (新教) and the Counter-Reformation, of records and objects, of Renaissance music, lyric poetry, epic, drama, and prose narrative. The program's challenge lies partly in the need to grasp systems of communication different from our own but possessing their own coherence and intricate (复杂的) relationships to each other.
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