非谓语动词
1．(2010·陕西高考)His first book ________ next month is based on a true story.
A．published B．to be published
C．to publish D．being published
解析：考查非谓语动词。由next month可知用动词不定式表示将来，publish与book之间存在被动关系，故可排除C项。句意：下个月要出版的他的第一本书是以真实的故事为基础的。
答案：B
2．(2010·江西高考)The lady walked around the shops, ________ an eye out for bargains.
A．keep B．kept
C．keeping D．to keep
解析：考查非谓语动词。由逗号可知，此处为非谓语动词形式，可排除A项；keep与其逻辑主语，即句子的主语the lady为主动关系，可排除B项；“逛商店”与“留意着廉价商品”是同时发生，故选C项而排除D项。现在分词短语keeping an eye out for(留意，注意)作伴随状语。
答案：C
3．(2010·四川高考)A great number of students ________ said they were forced to practise the piano.
A．to question B．to be questioned
C．questioned D．questioning
解析：考查过去分词作定语。句中question与其修饰的名词students之间是动宾关系(被动关系)，因此用过去分词作定语。
答案：C
4．(2010·四川高考)In many people's opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ________.
A．to deal with B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with D．dealt with
解析：考查动词不定式的用法。某些形容词(pleasant，nice，comfortable，difficult，hard，easy等)后接动词不定式时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
答案：A
5．(2010·四川高考)The lawyer listened with full attention, ________ to miss any point.
A．not trying B．trying not
C．to try not D．not to try
解析：考查现在分词的用法。句中现在分词作伴随状语。not trying...表示“不努力做……”，trying not...表示“努力不……”，意义不同。句意：律师专注地倾听着，努力不错过任何要点。
答案：B
6．(2010·重庆高考)The news shocked the public, ________ to great concern about students' safety at school.
A．having led ? B．led
C．leading D．to lead
解析：考查分词。现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
答案：C
7．(2011·陕西质量检测)It doesn't make sense ________ after ________. You should cheer up and practice hard instead.
A．to complain; being defeated
B．complain; defeating
C．complain; being defeated
D．to complain；defeating
解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句子结构可知，it在句中作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，由此可以排除B、C两项；根据语意可知，you与defeat是动宾关系，即要用被动形式，由此可以排除D项。故选A。
答案：A
8．(2011·合肥一模)It is hoped that this project ________ by the end of 2012 will be a popular tourist attraction of the city.
A．being accomplished B．accomplished
C．will be accomplished D．to be accomplished
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句中的时间“by the end of 2012”可知，动作发生在将来，故用不定式表将来，又因project和accomplish之间是动宾关系，故选D项，不定式to be accomplished作project的后置定语，表示还没有发生的被动动作。
答案：D
9．(2010·唐山二模)Subway Line 4，________ into use in September 2009, has made traveling in Beijing easier.
A．having been put B．putting
C．being put D．put
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在2009年9月投入使用的地铁4号线让北京的交通更加便利。本句中的“put into use in Septemer 2009”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Subway Line 4, Subway Line 4与put之间是被动关系。
答案：D
10．(2010·成都第二次诊断)We had no food left in our backpacks, and ________ matters worse, it began to pour.
A．making B．to have made
C．having made D．to make
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的背包中没有食物了，更糟糕的是，雨开始倾盆而下。to make matters worse是固定搭配，表示“更糟糕的是”。
答案：D
11．(2010·西安质量检测)The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself ________ by a young man in black.
A．was followed B．followed
C．following D．had been followed
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语意可知，follow和herself之间是动宾关系，因此用动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。found后不是句子，A、D两项可直接排除。
答案：B
12．(2010·郑州第二次质量检测)________ each other for long, the two brothers decided to meet soon.
A．Not having seen B．Not seen
C．Having not seen D．Not seeing
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语意“已经好久没见了，弟兄俩决定马上见面”，可见not see这个动作是发生在decide之前的，并且与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词的完成式；又因非谓语动词的否定式是在其最前面加not，故本题选A。
答案：A
13．(2010·河南示范性高中五校4月联考)China has a population of more than 1.3 billion, ________ it the largest country in the world by population.
A．making B．made
C．makes D．to make
解析：句意：中国有十三亿多人口，成为世界上人口最多的国家。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
答案：A
14．(2010·重庆第二次调研)“Life is not all roses.”is the warning ________ to the freshmen planning to hunt for a job in society.
A．giving B．to be given
C．being given D．given
解析：考查非谓语动词作后置定语的用法。句意：“生活并不都是玫瑰”是对打算进入社会找工作的大学一年级新生的警告。warning与give是被动关系，排除A项；B项意为“将被……”；C项意为“正在被……”；D项表示一般情况的被动。从句意看，D项最符合语境。
答案：D
15．(2010·南通一模)With so many orphans ________，the charity organization calls for more donations.
A．to look after B．being looked after
C．to be looked after D．looked after
解析：本题考查with短语作伴随状语的用法。句意：有如此多的孤儿需要照顾，该慈善机构呼吁更多捐款。用动词不定式的主动来表示被动意义。故选A。
答案：A
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2010·南充一模)While you were not in, a person ________ himself Jack phoned you.
A．called B．calling
C．to call D．having called
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处逻辑主语是a person，与call之间是主谓关系，所以这里用现在分词短语“calling...”作a person的后置定语。据此选B项。
答案：B
2．(2010·绵阳诊断性测试)It's really stupid of you ________ him the news yesterday. It has been disturbing him all the time.
A．having told B．telling
C．to tell D．to have told
解析：考查非谓语动词。这里是“It is＋形容词＋of sb.＋to do”句型，所以首先排除A、B两项。后面的yesterday提示我们动作发生在过去，所以用to have done结构。
答案：D
3．(2010·唐山联考)The teacher asked the girl again, raising his voice a bit, but still ________ no answer.
A．receiving B．received
C．receive D．to receive
解析：考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的辨析。题干中的but暗示第二个逗号后面的句子与asked the girl again为并列关系，因此应选B。句中的raising his voice a bit为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
答案：B
4．(2010·重庆联合诊断性考试)The TV play Dwelling Narrowness(《蜗居》)centered on the lives of “house slaves”，a group of people ________ by high housing prices.
A．affect B．affecting
C．affected D．to be affected
解析：考查非谓语动词。affect是及物动词，它与被修饰词people之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故只能用过去分词作定语。D项表将来，与句意不符。
答案：C
5．(2010·江西六所重点中学联考)When I went in, my pet happened ________ on my bed, ________TV.
A．to be lying; watching B．to have lain; watch
C．to lie; and watched D．to be laying; watching
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空处用happen to be doing sth.表示“碰巧正在做某事”，这里用lie表示“躺”，其现在分词为lying；第二空处用现在分词短语作伴随状语。
答案：A
6．(2010·南昌调研)Most of us have already known the problems ________ at the meeting which will be held tomorrow afternoon.
A．to discuss B．being discussed
C．discussed D．to be discussed
解析：考查非谓语动词。题干中的定语从句which will be held tomorrow afternoon表明这些问题即将在明天的会议上被讨论，因此空处应用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式作后置定语，表示将来和被动，选D。
答案：D
7．(2011·福建龙岩质检)________ in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.
A．Being injured B．To be injured
C．Having injured D．Injured
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处缺少主语，而现在分词和过去分词不能作主语，排除C项和D项；B项不定式表示未发生的动作，与语境不符。据此选A项，用动名词短语作主语。
答案：A
8．(2011·杭州市第二次教学检测)—Be careful！Don't forget you are on a ladder.
—But you are holding it for me，nothing ________.
A．worry about B．to worry about
C．is worried about D．worrying about
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“小心点。别忘了你在梯子上。”“但是你扶着呢，没什么可担心的。”不定式to worry about 作后置定语。
答案：B
9．(2010·长沙二模)When I came in，I found Lucy ________ by the window ________ to music.
A．seated；listening B．seated；listened
C．seating；listened D．seating；listening
解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空用seated，相当于sitting；第二空用动词的-ing形式，表示主动。
答案：A
10．(2010·南通一模)The county，________ in the north of Shanxi，has a history of more than 1,400 years.
A．located B．to be located
C．being located D．locating
解析：本题考查过去分词作定语。此处应用过去分词短语作定语，修饰the county，故选A。
答案：A
11．(2010·海淀第二学期期末)________ a written permission，he had to write another letter to the president of the university.
A．Not giving B．Not having been given
C．Having not given D．Having not been given
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经发生，故用过去分词或现在分词的完成被动式，选B。
答案：B
12．(2010·海淀第二学期期末)It was reported that 115 miners ________ in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled out alive at last.
A．trapped B．being trapped
C．were trapped D．had trapped
解析：考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语，逻辑主语是miners，而非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表示的动作发生在过去，故用过去分词，选A。
答案：A
13．(2010·西城5月)China is known ________ greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.
A．to change B．having changed
C．changing D．to have changed
解析：此题用了主语＋be＋adj.＋to do 结构，且“变化”一事已发生。故选D。
答案：D
14．(2010·东城练习一)It's not easy to learn English well.________ as much as possible is necessary.
A．Having read B．Read
C．Reading D．To have read
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。本句中缺少主语，所以需要用动名词作主语。
答案：C
15．(2010·哈尔滨检测)It's wonderful to hike with Dad and I have felt ________ with him.
A．to protected B．protected
C．protecting D．to be protected
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境知felt与protect之间是被动关系，排除选项A和C；和父亲一起的徒步旅行已经结束，排除选项D。
答案：B
16．(2011·哈尔滨检测)You can hardly imagine the efforts I have made ________ the goal.
A．to achieve B．of achieving
C．to of achieving D．to have achieved
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意：你简直无法想象我为了实现目标所付出的努力。动词不定式作目的状语，故A项正确。
答案：A
17．(2010·东北三校第一次联考)Cao Cao's tomb is reported ________ in Anyang，which attracts nationwide attention.
A．being found B．to be found
C．having been found D．to have been found
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，安阳发现了曹操墓，引起了全国(民众)的关注。前半句是“It's reported that Cao Cao's tomb has been found in Anyang”的另外一种表达方式，表示该动作已经发生，所以用不定式的完成形式。
答案：D
18．(2010·苏锡常镇四市教学调查)Can you imagine what difficulty people had this year ________ against the severe natural disasters?
A．fighting B．to fight
C．fought D．fight
解析：考查固定句式的用法。“sb.have some difficulty in doing sth.”是固定句式，意思是“某人做某事有困难”，其中的介词in可以省略。故A项正确。
答案：A
19．The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A．to smell B．smelling
C．smelt D．to be smelt
解析：句意：植物园里芳香的花儿吸引着游客来感受自然之美。smell为系动词，无被动语态。该动作无“将要发生”之意，故选B。
答案：B
20．(2010·合肥第二次教学检测)—Why are the students working so hard these days?
—________ ready for the coming entrance examination.
A．To get B．Get
C．Getting D．Got
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据答语“为了即将来临的入学考试做准备”可知，此句是省略句，不定式作状语，表示目的。
答案：A
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2010·合肥第二次教学检测)Homebuyers nationwide are watching housing prices going up，up，and up.“How high can they go？”is the question on everyone's lips.“As long as interest rates stay around 5 percent，nothing might be able to prevent housing prices going up，”said one house seller in Santa Monica，California.
“It's crazy，”said Tim，who is looking for a house near the beach.“In 1993，I bought my first place，a two-bedroom flat in Venice，for $ 70,000.My friends thought then that I was overpaying.Five years later，I had to move.I sold it for $ 230,000，which was a nice profit.Last year，while visiting friends here，I saw in the local paper that the exact same flat was for sale for $ 510,000！”
It is a seller's market.Homebuyers feel like they have to offer at least 10 percent more than the asking price.Donna，a new owner of a one-bedroom flat on Venice Beach，said，“That's what I did.I told the owner that whatever anyone offers you，I'll give you $ 20,000 more under the table，so you don't have to pay your house seller any of it.I was tired of negotiating with the house sellers.”
Tim says he hopes he doesn't get that desperate.“Whether you decide to buy or not，you still feel like you made the wrong decision.If you buy，you feel like you overpaid.If you don't buy，you want to kick yourself for passing up a great opportunity.”
Everyone says the bubble (气泡) has to burst sometime，but everyone hopes it will burst the day after they sell their house.Even government officials have no idea what the future will bring.“All we can say is that，clearly，these things go in regular cycles，”said the state director of housing.“What goes up must come down.But，as we all know，housing prices always stay up a little higher than they go down(被接受)．So you can't lose over the long run.Twenty years down the road，your house is always worth more than you paid for it.”
语篇解读：房价成为人们讨论的热点话题。房价的不断上涨造成了购房者的买房困难。文章讲述了几位购房者的亲身体会，并探讨了未来房价的趋势。
1．If Tim had sold his flat last year，he could have earned ________.
A．$ 510,000 B．$ 440,000
C．$ 280,000 D．$ 160,000
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Tim买公寓时花了70 000美元，再结合第二段最后一句，去年同样的公寓卖510 000美元，由此可知，他要是去年卖房子的话，便可以赚444 000美元(即510 000美元中扣除买房用去的70 000美元)。
答案：B
2．Donna paid another $ 20,000 to the owner secretly because ________.
A．she felt like offering 10% more
B．secret money made low price
C．the owner asked for the money
D．she was bored with bargaining
解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话可知，Donna厌倦了和售房人讨价还价，因此私下里多给房主20 000美元，以便一下子将房子买下来。
答案：D
3．We can infer from Tim's words in Paragraph 4 that ________.
A．homebuyers feel hesitate facing rising house prices
B．buying a house is always a great opportunity
C．homebuyers never make the right decision
D．both sellers and buyers become desperate
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中Tim的话可知，买房者面对不断上涨的房价，很难决断：买了，感觉自己多付钱了；不买，又自责失去了一个好机会。因此A项与原文内容相符。
答案：A
4．Which of the following is TRUE about the housing bubble?
A．It is something everyone hates to see.
B．Only experts know when it will burst.
C．It is unavoidable in the regular circles.
D．It usually stays for about twenty years.
解析：细节理解题。由第五段第三句话可知C项内容正确，房地产泡沫在其发展过程中是不可避免的。
答案：C
①I told the owner that whatever anyone offers you，I'll give you $ 20,000 more under the table，so you don't have to pay your house seller any of it.
我告诉房主：“无论谁给你讨价，我私下都会再多给你20,000美元，那样你就没必要为售房人再支付了”。
②“All we can say is that，clearly，these things go in regular cycles.”
我们能说的是，事情是正常运转的。
All we can say is that...为表语从句。
B
(2010·青岛市第二次模拟)For thousands of years，the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and
the pub.Traditionally，the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town，where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news.
As a result，British pubs are often old and well preserved.Many of them have become historic sites.The most famous example is the pub in the city of Nottingham called “Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem”，which dates back to the year 1189 AD and is probably the oldest pub in England.
However，British pubs are not just for kings and queens；they welcome people from all classes and parts of society.On a cold night，the pub's landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire.There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drinks available at an affordable price.
That's how things used to be.Things are beginning to change.It is said that the credit crunch(信贷紧缩) is causing 39 British pubs in a week to go out of business.People do not have enough spare money to spend on beer.Recently，the UK government banned smoking in all pubs，and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.
This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow pubs to stay open after 11 pm.Previously，with 11 pm as closing time，customers would have to drink quite quickly，meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly.The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as “binge drinking”(豪饮)，and it causes long-term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for communities.
In order to save their businesses，pubs are trying to change with the market.British pubs now offer something for everyone.A lot of pubs used to be “Working Men's Clubs”，meaning that women could not usually enter.Today，however，women can freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems.Perhaps things are changing for the better after all.
语篇解读：文章介绍了英国酒吧的前世今生——它们的历史与现状。
5．The passage mainly tells us something about ________.
A．the past and present of British pubs
B．the decline of British pubs
C．the long history of British pubs
D．the importance of British pubs
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了英国酒吧的历史与现状，所以A项符合题意。
答案：A
6．Why do British people have the habit of gathering in the pubs?
A．To get drunk.
B．To enjoy the historic sites.
C．To make more friends.
D．To socialize and exchange news.
解析：细节理解题。从文章第一段最后一句可知，人们去酒吧的主要目的在于社交、互相交流，选D项。
答案：D
7．Which may not be the cause of the decline of British pubs?
A．The credit crunch.
B．The present closing time.
C．The ban of smoking.
D．Having no spare money.
解析：逻辑推理题。从第四段可知，A项“信贷紧缩”、C项“禁烟”和D项“没有余钱”都在该段中提到，而B项内容与英国酒吧的衰落无关，故选B项。
答案：B
8．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．British people used to like drink slowly
B．closing the pubs early will reduce social problems
C．binge drinking means drinking less beer
D．British government aims to discourage people from binge drinking
解析：逻辑推理题。从第五段内容可知，因为以前酒吧晚上11点关门，使英国人形成了豪饮(binge drinking)的习惯，所以英国政府允许酒吧11点之后继续营业，主要目的在于减少人们酗酒豪饮，防止由此造成的健康问题和暴力犯罪，所以选D项。
答案：D
9．We can see from the last paragraph that the author ________.
A．is against the admission of too many women to the pubs
B．holds an optimistic attitude towards the British pubs
C．thinks that women in the pubs will cause less social problems
D．thinks that British pubs should offer everything you need
解析：写作态度题。从最后一段最后一句可知，作者对英国酒吧的发展持乐观的态度，据此B项正确。
答案：B
①Traditionally，the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town，where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news.传统上，教堂和酒吧都处于任何一个村庄或城镇的中心地带，在这里人们可以进行社交活动，可以相互交流新闻消息。
...where the people gather...为非限制性定语从句。
②Previously，with 11 pm as closing time，customers would have to drink quite quickly，meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly.
从前，酒吧的停业时间是晚上11点钟，客人们可能就会喝得很快，比起来允许喝得慢些来说，喝得快更容易醉。
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