第一课时：时间状语从句
Step One ：Showing Instructional objectives
Step Two : Lead-in
一、Definition
Translation :
1.她上周从美国回来的。
2.这女士每周日都购物。
3.上周末我们呆在学校，看“青春大舞台”节目。
4.三小时前约翰来这儿的。
She came back from America last week.
The lady goes shopping every Sunday.
We stayed at school, watching the show “the super student” last weekend.
John was here three hours ago.
归纳时间状语的定义：
翻译句子
She came back from America when she had got a doctor’s degree.
The lady goes shopping whenever she is free.
We stayed at school, watching the show “the super student” while they were seeing an English movie.
归纳时间状语从句定义
Step Two ：Tested points and usage of time adverbial clauses(考点与用法)
㈠、连接词的选择与从句的时态
㈡、用法
Ⅰ. while, when(whenever) & as
when, while, as 都表示“当…时”,
When
①从句谓语动词既可以是瞬间动词也可以是延续性动词，可用于主从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。
②在be about to /be doing(瞬间动作)…when….等句型中；强调 “就在那时”。
③While 从句谓语动词只能是延续性动作，侧重主从句动作同时发生。
④As引导的从句中为延续性动作，多用于主从句动作同时发生，强调“一边…一边…”.
翻译句子：
1.我进来时,爸爸在做饭.
2.他边行走边唱着歌.
3.他正要离开家,电话响了.
1. When I came in, my father was cooking.
=I came in when/while my father was cooking.
2.He sang as he walked.=He sang as walking. ….
3.He was leaving the house when the telephone rang.= He was about to leave the house and at that time the telephone rang.
Ⅱ。until ,till& not…until
until的用法：
①当主句谓语动词为延续性动词时，主从句都用肯定式，在汉语中表达为“到…为止”;
②当主句谓语动词为瞬间动作时,主句用否定式,从句用肯定式;即not…until…-汉语表达为“直到…才…”.
巩固练习
Mr Green waited _______his children came back.
Mr Green didn’t go to bed ______ his children came back.
Ⅲ。before, after & since/ever since
before①后接句子，其含义为“在…之前/还未来得及…”。
②在“It is/was+ some time+before+a sentence”句型中，其含义为“多 久后…才…”
巩固练习
Her mother came back ______she could get everything tidy.
It will be three days _______ Jim returns to Britain.
It was 3 hours ________ that boy finished his task.
after conj. 后接句子，其含义为 “在…之后”
巩固练习
After you have deprived me of my liberty（剥夺我的自由）, you do not let me die in despair!
Since conj. ①后接句子含义为：“自从…以来”
②在句型中: It is /was +some time +since +a sentence. “多久(没)…了”
巩固练习
We haven’t met each other for two years since he joined the army.
It is two years since he joined the army. （他参军两个月了）
It is two months since he smoked. (他两个月没抽烟了)
It was two hours since he had got to know me.
(当时他认识我两小时了)
It was two hours since he had studied English.
（当时他有两小时没学英语了）
比较：It was two o’clock _____ he came home last light.
It was at two o’clock ______ he came home last night.
It was two hours _____ he came home.
It will be two hours _____ he comes back from work.
Ⅳ：as soon as, no sooner …than…; hardly(scarcely)…when…;once
①as soon as+a sentence
②No sooner +a partial-inverted clause +than + a sentence
③Hardly(Scarcely) + a partial-inverted clause + when+ a sentence
④once + a clause , +…
他们的含义为“一….就…” once还有“一旦…就…”
巩固练习
译句子：1.我一上床就睡着了。(注意主,从句的时态)
I fell asleep as soon as I went to bed.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I fell asleep.
Hardly had I gone to bed when I fell asleep.
I had hardly gone to bed when I fell asleep.
I had no sooner gone to bed than I fell asleep.
I had scarcely gone to bed when I fell asleep.
2.我一到上海我就给你电话。
I will call you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
No sooner will I get to Shanghai than I will call you.
Hardly will I get to Shanghai when I call you.
Scarcely will I get to Shanghai when I call you.
Once I get to Shanghai , I will call you.
Ⅴ：immediately，directly，instantly + a sentence 可以转化为一个连词；
其含义为：“一…就…”
巩固练习
如: 译句子
1.他们一写完作业就去操场踢足球了.
They went to play football immediately they finished writing their homework.
They went to play football directly they finished writing their homework.
They went to play football instantly they finished writing their homework.
2.他们一吃完饭就上学。
They will go to school immdiately they have the meal.
They will go to school directly they have the meal.
They will go to school instantly they have the meal.
Ⅵ：the moment，the minute，the instant + a sentence 这些名词短语也可以转化成一个连词，其含义为：“一…就…”
巩固练习
译句子并注意主从句时态: 大家一到齐我们就开会.
We will begin the meeting the moment everyone is here.
We will begin the meeting the minute everyone is here.
We will begin the meeting the instant everyone is here.
Ⅶ：each time/every time/next time/the next time/the first time/the last time/by the time/the 2nd time/the third time/… + a sentence 这些名词都可以转化为一个连词，引导一个时间状语从句；其含义为：
1.each time/every time 后接一个句子时，含义是：每当…时
2.next time后接一句子是，含义为：当下一次…时
3.the next time后接一句子是，含义为：当第二次…时
4.the first time后接一句子是，含义为：当第一次…时
5.the last time后接一句子是，含义为：当最后一次…时
6.by the time后接一句子是，含义为：到…时为止
7. the 2nd time/the 3rd time /the 4th time/…后接一句子是，含义为：当第二次/第三次/第四次/…时
巩固练习
译句子并注意主，从句时态
1.每当我见到她时，她总是面带微笑向我问候。
She always greets me with a smile on her face every time I see her.
She always greets me with a smile on her face each time I see her.
2.当你下一次来时，把你妈妈带来。
Bring your mother along here next time you come .
3.当我第二次去那儿时，他儿子已经成人了。
His son had become an adult the next time I went there.
4.当我在美国最后一次见他时，他已经退出歌坛了。
He was no longer a singer the last time I saw him in America.= He was no longer a singer when I saw him for the last time.
5.到我回国时，我取得了医学博士学位。
I had got a doctor’s degree in medicine by the time I returned to my motherland.
6.当他第三次来中国时，中国发生了巨大变化。
Great changes had happened the 3rd time he came to China.
=Great changes had happened when he came to China for the 3rd time.
Consolidation
一、用适当的连词填空
1.John thinks it won’t long ________ he is ready for his new job.
2. He realized that his house must have been broken into ______ _______ he got home and saw that everything was in a mess
3.Generally speaking, _______(they are)taken according to the directions, the drug has no side-effects.
4. I haven’t missed a play or a concert _______ I was seventeen years old.
5. _____ _____ he came to town, he would visit our school.
6. Tom was about to close the window _________his attention was caught by a bird.
7. Please write it down ________ you forget it.
8. _____ _________ I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
9. The boy burst into tears ____________ he saw his mother.
10. _____ _______ had we arrived at the station than the train left.
11. Hardly had the game begun _______ it started to rain.
二、选择填空
1. He had no sooner finished his speech________the students started cheering.
A．since B．as C．when D．than
2. As is reported，it is 100 years________Qinghua University was founded.
A．when B．before C．after D．Since
3. One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away________my daughter heard cries for help.
A．after B．while C．since D．When
4. Having checked everything，he sat down to do his homework，________he heard a lightening strike the electricity pole in the backyard.
A．for B．when C．or D．but
5. It was foolish of you to take a taxi________you could easily walk there in five minutes.
A．though B．as long as C．so that D．When
第二课时：地点，条件，目的，结果，方式与让步状语从句
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