(外研版必修1)高三英语一轮单元复习教案:Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications 知识详解 ① contain  vt. 包含;包括,里面装有;含有;忍住,抑制 (回归课本P51)A CDROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information. CDROM是一个包含了很多信息的单独的磁盘。[ contain oneself自制 be contained between包含于……间,(夹)在……间 container n.容器,集装箱 【归纳总结】 ①(高考陕西卷)Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. 很多垃圾邮件包含有计算机病毒,它能使一个公司的整个网络关闭。 ②He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself. 他激动得不能自已。 ③The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world,which contains a lot of fruit and vegetables.中国饮食被认为是世界上最健康的,里面含有大量的水果和蔬菜。 【例句探源】 contain,include (1)contain通常用来指某个容器中盛有某物、装有某物,还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。 (2)include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内。在句中常以sth.included或including sth.形式出现。 【易混辨析】 ①How much water does this bottle contain? ②Everyone here,including old people,took part in the fight against the flood. ③You are included among my friends. 【即境活用】 1.He was worried,because he lost his bag________his passport,ID card and a lot of money. A.included      B.including C.contained D.containing 解析:选D。contain“装有”,与bag构成逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用containing.句意:他很担心,因为他丢了装有护照、身份证和一大笔钱的包。 2.Little Johnny felt the bag,curious to know what it____________. A.collected      B.contained C.loaded D.saved 解析:选B。句意:小Johnny摸了一下袋子,想知道里面装着什么东西。collect收集,搜集; contain含有,装有;load装载;save节省。 ② access  n. 接近,通路;接近(或进入)的方法,到达(或进入、使用、走访)的权利(或机会) vt. 存(数据);取(数据);存取;访问;接近,使用 (回归课本P52)...to access information from millions of websites via the Internet. ……通过因特网从数以百万的网站上获取信息。 access to接近……的机会,进入……的权利 have/get/gain/obtain access to 得以接近,得以会见,得以进入 accessible adj. 可到达的,可进入的;可理解的 be accessible to 易接近的;能进入的;可以理解的【注意】以上to为介词,后接名词、动名词。 【归纳总结】 ①Across the world,1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. 全世界有11亿人无法获取干净的饮用水。 ②The only access to that cottage is across the farmland. 到达农舍的唯一通路是穿过农田。 ③The Internet allows computer users to access information needed from the web. 因特网使得计算机用户可以到网站上去获取所需信息。 ④A manager should be accessible to his staff. 经理应该让职员感到平易近人。 【例句探源】 3.(高考浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy________to the digital resources of the library. A.access         B.passage C.way D.approach 解析:选A。句意是:这个系统是用来让学生更快更容易地使用图书室的数据资源。此句要用access构成give sb.access to...短语,意为“使某人使用……”。passage通过;通道;approach接近;通道。 【即境活用】 4.(高考江西卷)Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be________to the kids. A.accessible B.relative C.acceptable D.sensitive 解析:选A。句意是:弗兰克把药放在了最高层的抽屉中,是为了确保它不被孩子接触到。此句要用accessible表示“容易取得的;容易接近的”。relative相关的;acceptable可接受的;sensitive敏感的。 ③ design  vt.& vi. 设计,构思;计划,谋划 n. 计划;企图;设计;意图;构思 (回归课本P52) He designed the first “web browser”,which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. 他设计了第一个“网络浏览器”,可以让电脑用户从其他电脑上获取文件。 【归纳总结】 design...for...为……设计……;为……拟定…… be designed for.../to do sth. 打算给……用的;目的是…… by design 有意地,故意地 ①We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier. 我们设计的所有银行卡都可以让你的生活更加便捷。 ②The law was designed to protect abandoned children. 这项法律旨在保护被遗弃的儿童。 ③This kind of dictionary is designed for English beginners. 这种字典是打算给英语初学者使用的。 【例句探源】 ④I don’t know whether they did it by accident or by design. 我不知道他们这样做是偶然地,还是故意地。 ⑤Looking forward to receiving your creative designs! 期待收到大家有创意的设计! 5.These exercises are________develop and strengthen muscles,so we all like to do. A.designed for B.designing to C.designed to D.designing for 解析:选C。由题干可知design与主语之间是动宾关系,所以排除B、D两项,又因为develop为动词原形,排除A项,正确答案为C。 【即境活用】 6.Scientists have developed a new system ________to give a warning seconds before an earthquake. A.having been designed B.designed C.to design D.designing 解析:选B。句意是:科学家们已开发出一个新的系统,这个系统被设计成在地震发生前几秒发出警报。此句要用过去分词形式designed作后置定语修饰system,表示“被设计用来……”。 ④concentrate  v. 集中(注意力、思想等);集中于一点;汇合 (回归课本P54)Concentrate on the good things about the Internet. 关注网上的好东西。 concentrate on/upon sth.集中精力于/全神贯注于…… concentrate one’s attention/efforts/...on... 把注意力/精力/……集中于…… concentrate oneself on...集中精力于…… concentration n.专心,专注,集中;汇集 with concentration聚精会神 concentrated adj.专心致志的;紧张的;密集的 【归纳总结】 ①I can’t concentrate on my studies with the football match on. 足球赛在进行,我无法专注地学习。 ②A driver should concentrate on the road when driving. 开车时驾驶员的注意力应集中在路上。 ③He should concentrate on getting good results in mathematics. 他应该集中精力提高数学成绩。 ④(牛津P407)In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charles’s reign. 这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。 【例句探源】 7.As a senior high student,I think you should________your attention on your skills of learning. A.spend      B.pay C.use D. concentrate 解析:选D。考查动词辨析。spend...on...“花费……在……”,不合句意;pay attention后接介词to而不是on;use无此搭配;concentrate...on...“集中注意力于……”。 【即境活用】 ⑤ consist of  由……组成(通常不用进行时及被动语态) (回归课本P52)It consists of millions of pages of data. 它是由几百万页数据资料组成的。 【归纳总结】 ① Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. 生活中不仅有阳光,还有艰难困苦的时候。 ②The beauty of Venice consists largely in the style of its ancient buildings. 威尼斯的美很大程度上在于城中古建筑物的风格。 【例句探源】 8.用适当的介词填空 (1)The true wealth does not consist ________ what we have,but ________ what we are. 答案:in;in (2)The United Nations Organisation consists ________ over 160 nations. 答案:of (3)His actions don’t consist ________ his words. 答案:with 【即境活用】 ⑥ as well  也;另外,而且 (回归课本P52) It then became possible for universities to use the system as well. 然后,大学使用这种系统也成为可能。 【归纳总结】 as well as 意为“和,同”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致;还可表示“和……一样好”。as well常用于肯定句句末,表示“还,也”等意思。may/might as well表示请求、建议,might比may语气更委婉,意思是“最好,何不,不妨”等。 ①We’re going to the cinema tonight,why don’t you come along as well? 我们今晚去看电影,你为什么不一起去? ②Of course,I’ll do some reading for fun,and for knowledge as well. 当然,我会读些书,为了消遣,也为了获取知识。 ③(高考重庆卷)Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. 科学可以成为善的推动力,也可以成为恶的推动力。 【例句探源】 9.________the danger from another attack of earthquake,people had to overcome a shortage of food,drinking water,medicine,clothing and almost everything. A.As far as        B.As well as C. As bad as D.As much as 解析:选B。句意:人们要克服的困难既包括食物、饮用水、药品、衣物等短缺,还包括再一次地震的危险。as well as“除……之外也……”。 【即境活用】 ⑦ come up with 提出/想出(计划、方案等);赶上 (回归课本P52)He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. 1989年他在瑞士工作时,提出了万维网的构想。 come across偶遇,偶然发现 come true实现 come out出版;出来 come about发生 come to来到(某地);加起来总共;恢复知觉come up走近,走上前;上楼,上来;(从土中)长出;被提出,被提及 when it comes to...涉及;谈到 【归纳总结】 ①You can always trust him to come up with a solution to any difficult problem. 你可以一直相信他能想出任何难题的解决方法。 ②The bus came up with the truck and tried to pass it. 那辆公共汽车赶上了那辆货车并试图超过它。 ③The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. 你首先应该构思一下你的俱乐部大致是什么样。 【例句探源】 10.—Have you________some new ideas? —Yeah.I’ll tell you later. A.come about       B.come into C.come up with D.come out with 解析:选C。句意:——你提出了什么新想法吗?——噢,以后我会告诉你的。come about发生;come into进入,加入;come up with提出;come out with发表,公布。根据句意应为“提出”,故选C。 【即境活用】 11.—Don’t bother me.I’m thinking of something. —I know you want to__________some topics for your project,but you should have a rest first. A.think          B.put up C.come up with D.turn up 解析:选C。think 后加of/out表示“想出,想到”;put up“举起,搭起”;come up with“想出,提出”;turn up“出现”。根据句意,可知C项为正确答案。 句型梳理 ① 【教材原句】 BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet,not just universities and the army.(P52) 贝尔纳斯·李让每个人都能使用因特网成为可能,而不仅仅是大学和军队。 【句法分析】 made it possible属于“make+宾语+宾补”,其中的宾补由名词、形容词、省略to的动词不定式和过去分词充当。如果宾语是不定式或宾语从句时,要用it作形式宾语,把不定式和宾语从句放到句末。 ①We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. 我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。 ②I made it a rule to walk 2 kilometers a day. 我固定每天步行两公里路。 ③We thought it wrong that the child should be left alone in the house. 我们认为把孩子独自一个人留在家里是不对的。 ④I consider it no use quarrelling with him about it. 我认为和他争吵这件事情是没用的。 ⑤You must keep it in mind that you are a student and you should obey the school rules. 你一定要记住:你是一个学生,应该遵守学校的规定。 12.(高考辽宁卷)The fact that she was foreign made__________difficult for her to get a job in that country. A.so          B.much C.that D.it 解析:选D。句意:她是外国人这个事实使她很难在那个国家找到工作。it作make 的形式宾语,不定式是真正的宾语。 【即境活用】 ② 【教材原句】 Our English teacher is excellent,but she can’t help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.(P56) 我们的英语老师非常优秀,但她不能在50分钟内帮助每一个人。 ?【句法分析】 (1)有些表示全体意义的词与not连用表示部分否定,如代词all,both以及all,both,whole,every所修饰的名词词组,包括every所构成的复合代词。 (2)有些副词如altogether,always,entirely,wholly,quite 等,以及含有all,both,whole,every等的副词词性的词组,在句中作状语,若句中含有not,则本句表示部分否定,而非全部否定。 (3)若句中有none,neither,no,never时则表示全部否定。 ①All that glitters is not gold .[谚]闪光的未必都是金子。 ②Both of the sisters don’t like the film. 姐妹俩并非都喜欢这部电影。 ③Not everything went well with me.我并非事事都顺利。 ④The rich men are not always happy.有钱的人并非总是幸福。 ⑤None of the books are useful.这些书都没用。 ⑥Neither of them can speak English. 他们俩都不会讲英语。 13.—Which of the two computer games did you prefer? —Actually I didn’t like________. A.both of them     B.either of them C.none of them D.neither of them 解析:选B。句意:——这两个电子游戏你更喜欢哪一个?——实际上我两个都不喜欢。not...either...“两者都不……”,是全部否定,相当于neither;not...both“两个并不都是……”,是半否定,不合语境;none指代三者及以上,和第一句中的the two computer games相矛盾;D项意思相反。 【即境活用】 14.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which________of the parents spoke the language. A.none B.neither C.both D.each 解析:选B。句意:他在这样一个家庭里学习英语很难,因为在这个家庭里父母双方都不说英语。根据题干中的the parents,可排除A项(三者或三者以上都不);C项指“两者都”;D项指“两者或两者以上每个人/物”,由于C、D两项都表肯定意思,也被排除。neither指“两个都不”。

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