Book 1 Unit 2 English around the world
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的
2．actually adv.事实上；实际上→as a_matter_of_fact/in_fact 事实上；实际上
3．at present现在→presently adv.不久，马上；现在
4．vocabulary n．词汇量→enrich/expand_one’s_vocabulary扩大词汇量
5．make_use_of利用；使用→make the best of/make the most of 充分利用
6．latter adj.较后的；后者的→the latter后者→the former前者
7．command n．命令；掌握→have_a_good_command_of精通，掌握
8．accent n．口音→dialect n.方言
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．fluent adj.流利的→fluently adv.流利地
2．frequent adj.频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地
3．recognize vt.辨认出；承认→recognition n．认出
4．straight adj.直的；正直的；adv.直接；挺直
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．The police arrived and took command(掌握) of the situation gradually(逐渐)．
2．Because_of(因为) the heavy fog, we lost our way to our apartment(公寓) when we walked the dog.Thanks to the help of a native(当地人), we finally got back safely.
3．Although Chinese is not the official(官方的) language of Singapore, it plays_an_important_part
(起着重要作用)．People can understand each other though different dialects(方言) are spoken.
4．At_present(目前), we are collecting ideas about how to build a harmonious community.People have come_up_with(提出) many excellent ideas.We’ll make a plan based_on(根据) the common wishes of the people.
5．It is requested(要求) that private cars be not driven one day a year as gases(气体) for cars do harm to the environment.We can use cabs(出租车) or buses if we have to travel long distances.
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
Actually，each language has its own spelling，usage and expression.We can recognize a native or an official gradually by his or her accent.We all know fluent speaking requires frequent practice.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．So why has English changed_over_time?
那么，英语为何会随时间而改变呢？
2．Those_who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
那些播新闻的人应讲很好的英语。
3．Actually all languages change and develop when_cultures_meet_and_communicate_with
each_other.
事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—Alvin, are you coming with us?
—I’d love to, but something unexpected________.(2012·浙江，16)
A．has come up B．was coming up
C．had come up D．would come up
答案 A
解析 句意为：——阿尔文，你跟我们一起去吗？——我很愿意，但是没预料到的事情出现了。现在完成时表示动作发生在过去但对现在造成了一定的影响，符合语境，故答案为A项。B项为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作或所处的状态；C项为过去完成时，强调该动作在过去的另一动作前已发生；D项为过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，均不符合语境，故排除。
(教材原句：I’d like to come up to your apartment.)
2．He missed_______gold in the high jump, but will get________second chance in the long jump.
(2012·大纲全国Ⅱ，7)
A．the；the B．/；a
C．the；a D．a；/
答案 C
解析 句意为：他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。第一个空后的gold为特指一项比赛中唯一的金牌，故用定冠词the。在序数词前的第二个空，若用the，则表示“第二次”，若用a，则表示“再次，还有”之意；此处应取“再次，还有”之意，故第二个空用a。
3．______an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
(2012·江苏，31)
A．Based B．Basing
C．Base D．To base
答案 B
解析 动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选B项。
(教材原句：It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.)
4．The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to，but I suppose I’ll just have to______it.
(2011·浙江，6)
A．make the best of B．get away from
C．keep an eye on D．catch up with
答案 A
解析 句意为：这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校，但是我想我正好要________它。make the best of充分利用；get away from逃离；keep an eye on照看，留神；catch up with赶上。结合句意可知A项合适。
5．Drunk driving，which was once a_______occurrence，is now under control.(2010·福建，32)
A．general B．frequent
C．normal D．particular
答案 B
解析 句意为：醉酒驾驶，过去曾经是一件经常的事，现在被控制住了。general一般的；frequent经常的；normal正常的；particular特别的。根据句意选B。
(教材原句：Languages frequently change.)
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．Native to the US, pygmy rabbits(侏儒兔) weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West. (2012·浙江·阅读A)
侏儒兔原产于美国，体重不足一磅，栖息在美国西部。
2．I planted some lily(百合花)seeds in the yard.But they failed to come up. (2012·重庆·完形)
我在院子里种了些百合花种子，可是它们没能发芽。
3．And often you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can actually use.
(2011·浙江·完形)
你经常会发现一盘音乐带中实际上只有十分之三、四的内容是你能够使用的。
4．After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential.
(2011·湖北·阅读A)
毕竟，医患关系是建立在互相信任的基础之上，因而诚信是必要的。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．你不能选择别人给你的，但你可以选择如何利用别人给你的。(make use of)
(2012·湖北·短文写作)
You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.
2．真的有很多东西决定我们的未来，比如机会和他人对我们的帮助。(such as)
(2012·浙江·书面表达)
It’s true that our future is determined by many things，such as opportunities and help from others.
历年高考热点：come up，base...on...，frequent，native，actually，make use of，such as等的用法。
2014考点预测：base，command，request，recognize，latter，come up，make use of等的
用法。
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双语释义vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在(use...as the main place)；n.根基，基底；底座(the lowest part)；根据，出发点；基地
学情诊断
(1)句型转换
①You should base your conclusion on careful research.
→Your conclusion should be based on careful research.
②Teaching is an art which is based on science.
→Teaching is an art based on science.
(2)His theory ________ practice，so you can believe it.
A．based on B．bases on
C．is based on D．is basing on
答案 C
解析 句意为：他的理论以实践为基础，你可以相信。be based on 为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”。
归纳拓展
base...on/upon把……建立在……上；以……为根据/基础
be based on/upon以……为根据/基础
at the base of...在……的底部
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双语释义n. & vt.命令(order)；指挥(be in charge of)；掌握(control)
学情诊断
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The policeman gave the command to_stop(stop)．
②They commanded me to_start(start) at once.
③The teacher commanded that he (should)_go(go) out of the classroom.
(2)The woman doctor commanded that no one ________to give up the patient though he was hopeless.
A．was allowed B．be allowed
C．could be allowed D．is allowed
答案 B
解析 句意为：这位女大夫下达命令，即使这个病人没有什么希望，绝不允许任何人放弃他。command表示“命令”后接that从句时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should＋do，should可以省略。
归纳拓展
be at sb.’s command听候某人的吩咐；服从某人的支配
have a good command of掌握；精通
be under sb.’s command＝be under the command of sb.由某人指挥
命令某人做某事
易错提示
command表示“命令”时，其后的宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句要用虚拟语气，即should＋do，should可以省略。
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双语释义n. & v．要求；请求(ask；ask for)
学情诊断
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①He came at my request.
②She supplied him, by request, with all details of the case.
③Our firm will mail you a catalogue upon request.
④These English newspapers have been much in request.
(2)单项填空
①His letter contains a request that his aunt ________ a room ready for him.
A．gets B．should get
C．got D．would get
答案 B
解析 分析句子结构可知，此处request后跟同位语从句，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形。故选B。
②They request that a delegation ________ to their country.
A．send B．should send
C．sent D． be sent
答案 D
解析 句意为：他们请求派一个代表团到他们的国家去。request的宾语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略；send与delegation之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故选D。
归纳拓展
request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事
at the request of sb.＝at one’s request应某人的要求
on/upon request应要求；承索(即寄等)
by request应……的请求，应邀
in request有必要；受欢迎
易错提示
request后跟宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，其中，should可省
略。
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双语释义v．认识；辨认出(make out)；意识到；承认(admit)；赏识，表彰；向……打招呼(salute
to)
学情诊断
(1)写出下列句中recognize的汉语意思
①You have changed so much that I can hardly recognize you. 辨认出
②He has not recognized the seriousness of the present situation. 意识到
③Marriage without registration is not recognized by law. 承认
④The company recognized Mr. Brown’s outstanding work by promoting him to chief
accountant. 表彰
⑤He recognized us with a wave. 向……打招呼
(2)He walked along in the shadows hoping no one would ________ him.
A．identify B．recognize
C．make out D．distinguish
答案 B
解析 句意为：他走在阴暗处，希望没有人将会认出他来。recognize辨认出，符合句意。
归纳拓展
recognize sb./sth. as/to be...承认某人/物是……
be recognized as...被公认为/被承认是……,It is recognized that...人们公认……,out of/beyond
recognition认不出来
易混辨析 recognize，realize，know
recognize指原来熟悉，经过一段时间间隔后重新认出来。
realize指经过一个过程后“意识到”。
know指相互十分熟悉和了解。
一言辨异
用recognize，realize，know的适当形式填空
At first, he didn’t (1)realize that he had been (2)recognized by his old friend who he (3)knew very well in the past.
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双语释义adj.后半的；较后的；(两者中)后者的(the second part of...)
学情诊断
(1)选词填空(later/latter)
①This dictionary is a later edition.
这本字典的版本是比较新的。
②The latter half of his essay contains penetrating observations.
他的论文后半部有精辟的看法。
③Mr.Liang came later than we had expected.
梁先生来得比我们预期的要晚些。
④He is getting into the latter years of his career.
他正进入职业生涯的晚期。
(2)________ is a Hong Kong Island street map and ________ is a Kowloon street map.
A．The former；latter
B．The former；the latter
C．Former；the latter
D．Former；latter
答案 B
解析 the former...，the latter...前者……，后者……。
归纳拓展
the latter后者,late的比较级和最高级：
late later latest?指时间?
late latter last?指顺序?
the latter part后部分
the latter point后一点
the latter year晚年
the former...,the latter...（两者中的）前者……，后者……
易混辨析 later，latter
later是形容词late的比较级形式，表示时间的先后，意为“较后的”、“较新的”，它能作形容词，也能作副词。
latter表示事物的先后，意为“后者”，只能作形容词，不能作副词。
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双语释义走近(come over)；上来；发生(happen)；出现(appear)；长出地面；被提及/讨论(be
mentioned)
学情诊断
(1)一言辨异
①我种的雪花莲刚长出来而水仙花已开始绽放。
The snowdrops I planted have just come_up while the daffodils are beginning to come_out.
②当问题出现时塔尼娅有时会突然冒出一句很蠢的话而总想不出好主意。
Tanya sometimes comes_out_with a really stupid remark but never comes_up_with new ideas when problems come_up.
(2)—Have you________some new ideas?
—Yeah.I’ll tell you later.
A．come about B．come up
C．come up with D．come out with
答案 C
解析 come about发生；come up走近，提出；come up with想出；come out with说出，讲出，提出。句意为：——你想出新的主意了吗？——是的，我过会儿告诉你。
归纳拓展
come up with提出?答案、办法等?
come about发生
come out with说出，讲出；提出
come out出版；开花；显
come off it别胡扯
come across邂逅；偶遇
come along一起来；快点
come on快点；加油；得了吧；进展
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双语释义利用(use，especially to get an advantage)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①Waste materials must be_made_good/full_use_of (被充分利用)．
②We only have one day in Paris，so we’d better make_the_best/most_of (充分利用) it.
③It’s no use arguing_with_him (与他争论)—he won’t listen.
④Don’t use_up (用完) all the hot water.
(2)It’s no use ________ without taking action. (2011·上海，27)
A．complain B．complaining
C．being complained D．to be complained
答案 B
解析 It’s no use doing sth.做某事无用。
归纳拓展
make the most/best of充分利用，尽量利用
It’s no use doing sth.做某事没有用
use up用完，用尽
be ?of? no use无用
写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵
a．Last but not least，it’s everyone’s responsibility to make the most of water. (2010·福建)
b．I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible. (2010·江苏)
1 Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before.
如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。
学情诊断
(1)翻译句子
①She was more frightened than hurt.
她与其说伤着了还不如说受了惊吓。
②Learning a language is more than just memorizing words and phrases.
学习语言不仅仅只是记住单词和短语。
(2)It took ________ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses.It took brains，too.
A．other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
答案 B
解析 句意为：建造这些节能房屋，不仅仅要花费建筑材料，还要付出智力。more than在句中意为“不仅仅”，修饰名词。other than不同于，除了；rather than而不是；less than不到，少于。
归纳拓展
more than不仅仅；岂止；多于，超过
more or less差不多；几乎；大约
no more...than...不比……更；与……同样不……
no more than仅仅；不过；至多
other than除了……
rather than...而不是……
less than不到，少于
写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵
a．The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good”
student. (2011·江苏)
b．I’d be more than happy to help. (2010·全国Ⅱ)
c．There is nothing more satisfying to me than your reply. (2010·重庆)
2 Those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 播报新闻的人应该说出色的英语。
学情诊断
(1)Those_who_will_arrive_on_time will be given a gift.
那些按时到达的人将会得到礼物。
(2)Those ________ were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes.
A．who B．that
C．which D．whose
答案 A
解析 those 之后的定语从句用who引导，不用that 引导。
归纳拓展
?1?those后跟定语从句时，只能用who引导，不能用that引导。those是中心词，这个结构可以翻译为：……的人。
?2?anyone后跟定语从句也和those后跟定语从句有同样的意思，但是those之后的从句中谓语动词用复数，anyone之后的从句中用单数谓语动词。
?3?whoever引导主语从句也表示同样的意思，主语从句中谓语动词用单数。
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信不信由你，世界上没有什么标准英语。
学情诊断
(1)I have never seen such_a_boy_as_Tom.
我从没见过像Tom这样的孩子。
(2)—Have you seen a red pen on the desk?
—Sorry.There is________pen here.
A．not such B．such no
C．no such a D．no such
答案 D
解析 no 相当于not a, 因此C不正确。
归纳拓展
?1?There is no such...没有这样的……。no相当于not a 或者not any。
?2?one，no，any，some，all，many等可以放在such之前。
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学情诊断
把下列直接引语变为间接引语
(1)The teacher said to me，“Come in.”
→The teacher told_me_to_go_in.
(2)The teacher said to me，“Don’t be late again.”
→The teacher advised/asked_me_not_to be late again.
(3)The teacher said to me，“Will you please not smoke here？”
→The teacher asked_me_not_to smoke there.
(4)He said，“What a fine day it is！”
→He said what_a_fine_day_it_was.
(5)All the people cried，“What magnificent clothes these are！”
→All the people cried what_magnificent_clothes_those_were.
Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出下列单词
1．actually：really；in fact
2．voyage：long trip by sea or in space
3．fluent：able to speak or write a language well
4．command：to tell/order sb. to do sth.
5．native：local
Ⅱ.语境填词
1．His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
2．We should consider the students’ request that the school library provide more books on popular
science.
3．Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius.
4．Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English.
5．The weather gradually improved.
Ⅲ.词义猜测题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分
1．Those who report the news should speak standard English. are_expected_to
2．Geography also is_the_reason_for making dialects. plays_a_part_in
3．Languages change with_time_going_by. over_time
4．He speaks good_and_fast English. fluent
5．Everyone in this university is required to learn another language. a_second
Ⅳ.微写作(2)
写作素材
1．我们应充分利用每一次机会来练习英语。
2．这样我们就能逐渐扩大词汇量。
3．就能流利地讲英语并最终掌握好英语。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
We should make full use of every opportunity to practise English, so that we can gradually enrich our vocabulary and speak fluent English and eventually get a good command of English.
Ⅴ.微语法(2)——不定代词的用法
(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．—Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
—$4,000，or ________ like that. (2012·福建，22)
A．anything B． everything
C．something D．nothing
答案 C
解析 问句句意为：你计算出这次旅行将会花多少钱了吗？答语中给出的回答是“4 000美元”，然而紧跟其后又出现了“or(或者)”，所以判断答者是给出了两种回答：花4 000美元或者4 000美元左右。解答好本题的关键是要掌握“something like＋数字”这一结构，意为“……左右”。本题易误认为是考查or something(诸如此类的什么)短语的运用，需仔细区分。
2．My brother would like to buy a good watch but______was available from that shop.(2012·江西，23)
A．nothing B．none
C．no one D． neither
答案 B
解析 句意为：我哥哥想买一块好表，可是那家商店里没有。本题强调在那家商店里没有一块我哥哥想买的那种好手表，强调数量。nothing指物，但不强调数量；none既可指人，也可指物，还可以强调数量；no one指人；neither指两者都不。
3．Sophia waited for a reply，but________came. (2012·江苏，23)
A．either B．another
C．neither D．none
答案 D
解析 句意为：Sophia等候答复，但没有任何答复。根据转折连词but可知，此处应用表示否定意义的代词，所以排除A、B两项。neither意为“两者都不”；none意为“三者或三者以上都不”。根据前半句中的“a reply”提示可知，选D项。
4．—Would you like tea or coffee?
—________，thank you.I’ve just had some water. (2011·辽宁，27)
A．Either B．Both
C．Any D．Neither
答案 D
解析 句意为：——你是想喝茶还是咖啡？——________，谢谢你。我刚刚喝了一些水。根据句意，此处应该是拒绝请求，什么也不喝，因为是两者全部否定，所以选neither。either两者之间任何一个；both两者都；any任何一个，均与题意不符。
5．—Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen，dear?
—________one？ (2011·陕西，16)
A．Other B．Every
C．Another D．More
答案 C
解析 句意为：——亲爱的，请你从厨房给我拿条巧克力来好吗？——又要一条吗？another表示“又一；再一”，常放在数词前；如果用more，则通常说one more。
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