Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．take place发生→occur/happen/come about 发生
2．in memory of纪念→in honor of 纪念；向……表示敬意
3．feast n．节日；盛宴→be a feast for eyes/ears视觉/听觉盛宴
4．gather vi. & vt.集合；搜集→gather courage鼓起勇气
5．look forward to盼望；期望→be related to 与……有关→be addicted to 对……上瘾→be opposed to 反对→be devoted to致力于→get down to 着手做→lead to 导致
6．have fun with玩得开心→have a good time/enjoy oneself 玩得开心
7．turn up出现；到场→look up 查阅→hold up 举起→take up开始
8．keep one’s word 守信用→break one’s word失信→in a word总之→in other words换句话说
9．hold one’s breath屏气→out of breath气喘吁吁
10．obvious adj.明显的→It is obvious that...很明显……
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．starve vt. & vi.(使)饿死→starvation n．饿死
2．religious adj.宗教的→religion n．宗教
3．arrival n．到达→arrive vi.到达
4．independence n．独立→independent adj.独立的
5．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
6．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.允许
7．origin n．起源；起因→original adj.最初的；原始的
8．admire vt.赞美；钦佩→admiration n．羡慕
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．Mid-Autumn Day takes place(发生) after the harvest(收获), when families admire(赞美) the moon and have fun(玩乐) together but they usually needn’t dress up(盛装打扮) for it.
2．I look forward day and night to(日夜盼望) getting your permission(许可) to set off(动身) on our trip immediately.
3．Obviously(显然), he didn’t keep his word(遵守诺言) and didn’t turn up(出现), for which he should apologize(道歉) to us.
4．The picture reminded me of(使……想起) the great ceremony, when many great writers gathered(聚集) and many awards(奖) were given.
5．They gathered(相聚) after 10 years at the mother school and they looked as though(好像) they had great fun with(玩得开心) each other.
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
It is obvious that beliefs differ in different societies.It is our custom to gather together to celebrate the arrival of a festival and the admirable gains of a rich harvest.But its origin is unknown.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find.
那时候，如果很难找到食物，人就会饿死。
2．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
很显然，咖啡店的老板在等着李芳离开。
3．The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
(节日里)整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I find the money.
(2012·大纲全国Ⅱ，17)
A．can B．might C．would D．need
答案 A
解析 句意为：如果我能够弄到钱，我打算和约翰一起去欧洲度假。本句为含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，主句为将来时，从句应用一般现在时，故排除B、C两项；又根据句意可知应该是“能弄到钱”而不是“需要弄到钱”。故A项正确。
(考查单元语法)
2．Don’t handle the vase as if it made of steel. (2012·北京，35)
A．is B．were C．has been D．had been
答案 B
解析 句意为：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；又由Don’t handle...可知此处应为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故B项正确。
(教材原句：The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as though it is covered with pink snow.)
3． around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people. (2011·辽宁，30)
A．Gather B．To gather
C．Gathering D．To be gathering
答案 C
解析 句意为：游客们和当地人围着篝火跳起了舞。由于the tourists和gather之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以选Gathering。Gathering around the fire为现在分词短语作状语，补充说明当时人们的情况。
(教材原句：People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.)
4．—Are you going to Tom’s birthday party?
— .I might have to work. (2011·山东，29)
A．It depends B．Thank you
C．Sounds great D．Don’t mention it
答案 A
解析 句意为：——你要去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗？——视情况而定吧。我可能还得去工作。It depends.视情况而定，符合句意；Thank you.谢谢你；Sounds great.听起来不错；Don’t mention it.别客气。由I might have to work.可知具体语境“我可能还得去工作”，由此推断“我参加汤姆的生日聚会要根据情况而定”。
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be shared. (2012·江苏·完形)
在这个充满数字技术、电子邮件、社交网络和网络游戏的世界里，信息意味着被互相分享。
2．Peters died in 1984, and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project. (2012·山东·阅读C)
1984年Peters死了，一个十英尺高的木质松鼠雕塑建在了桥的附近以纪念它的建筑者和他对这个工程的贡献。
3．I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves.
(2011·广东·阅读C)
我到了教室，拿着设计成枫叶样子的纸卡片。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．我们将在周五晚自习之后八点钟在学生俱乐部集合。(gather)(2012·大纲全国Ⅱ·书面表达)
We’ll gather at the Students’ Club at 8 p．m.this Friday after the evening classes.
2．很显然，没有整个社会的帮助，就不会有今天的新学校。(obviously)
(2011·福建·书面表达)
Obviously，without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today.
历年高考热点：as if，gather，depend，be meant to do，in memory of，obviously等的用法。
2014考点预测：remind，celebration，starve，in memory of，look forward to，dress up，turn up等的用法。
1
双语释义v．使想起；提醒(to help sb. remember)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①This reminds me of what we did together during our holiday.
这使我想起在假期里我们一起所做的一切。
②Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.
提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打个电话。
③Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on this train.
旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。
(2)In our childhood, we were often by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.
A．demanded B．reminded
C．allowed D．hoped
答案 B
解析 sb. be reminded to do sth.某人被提醒做某事。demand命令；allow允许；hope希望，三者均与句意不符。
归纳拓展
remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind sb.that/what/how...提醒某人……
2
双语释义n．庆祝；庆典(an organized event to celebrate)
学情诊断
(1)用celebrate的适当形式填空
①More and more people go to restaurants to celebrate the Spring Festival.
②She is a celebrated actress at home and abroad.
③They held a party in celebration of their success.
(2)The three sisters decided to hold a family party to their mother’s birthday.
A．memorize B．congratulate
C．welcome D．celebrate
答案 D
解析 句意为：三姐妹决定举办一个家庭聚会来庆祝她们妈妈的生日。celebrate庆祝，符合句意。memorize记忆，记住；congratulate祝贺；welcome欢迎。
归纳拓展
celebrate v.庆祝，庆贺；赞美
celebrated adj.著名的，驰名的
celebrate a victory/success庆祝胜利/成功
in celebration of为了庆祝……
have/hold a celebration举行庆祝会/庆典
3
双语释义v．(使)挨饿，饿死(suffer or die for lack of food)；迫切需要(not have sth. in need)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①She’s lonely，and starves for companionship.
她很寂寞，渴望友情。
②The electricity industry is not the only one to have been starved of investment.
投资严重缺乏的不光是电力工业。
(2)Millions of people starved during the war，because the harvest was hard .
A．to death；to get in B．to die；to get
C．dying；to get in D．dying；getting
答案 A
归纳拓展
starve to death饿死
be starved of/starve for渴望
starve to do sth.渴望去做某事
starvation n.饥饿；饿死
4
双语释义纪念；追念(in honour of)
学情诊断
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)There hasn’t been peace in the country in/within my memory.
(2)She set up a charity fund to the memory of her father.
(3)I have a bad memory for names.
(4)She can recite the whole poem from memory.
归纳拓展
in/within one’s memory在某人的记忆里
have a good/bad memory for sth.对……记忆力好/差
do sth. from memory凭记忆做某事
bring back memories唤起(对美好事物的)回忆
5
双语释义期盼；盼望(expect)
学情诊断
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①His three kids are all looking forward to going(go) fishing with him.
②The letter she was looking forward to arrived(arrive) at last.
(2)I’m going to Beijing during the summer holidays，and I’m to seeing all of you there very much.
A．wanting B．eager
C．looking forward D．anxious
答案 C
解析 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事。
归纳拓展
look down on轻视，看不起
look into调查
look up查找，查阅
look up to仰慕，尊敬
look through浏览；仔细查看
6
学情诊断
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)How do you normally dress for work?
(2)Most people dress down when they are at home.
(3)We dressed him up as a gorilla (大猩猩)．
(4)She is always dressed in black.
归纳拓展
dress for为……事穿好衣服
get dressed穿上衣服
be dressed in穿着……衣服
dress down穿着随便
dress sb.给某人穿衣服
dress ?sb.? up as...装扮成……
7
双语释义出现，露面(show up); 改短衣服；开大音量(increase the sound)
学情诊断
(1)写出下列句子中turn up的汉语意思
①Please be patient.He will turn up soon.出现，露面
②Could you turn the music up？开大音量
(2)—Has Mr. Lee arrived?
—No.But it’s already 9 o’clock.He should at any time.
A．bring up B．turn up
C．look up D．pick up
答案 B
解析 所填句子句意为：他随时都会出现。turn up出现。
归纳拓展
turn away转过脸；把某人拒之门外；不准某人进入
turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造
turn over翻身；变换
turn to sb.向某人求助
1.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm.
有些节日是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①When the girl is happy，she either sings or dances.
那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。
②Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。
(2)I’m either to be given a chance or there.
A．go B．going C．to go D．gone
答案 C
解析 either...or...用来连接并列成分，either后为不定式，or后也应为不定式。
归纳拓展
either...or...连接句子中两个并列的成分，意为“或者……或者……；不是……就是……”；若连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即取“就近原则”
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave...
很明显咖啡店经理在等李芳离开……
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①It’s a great pity that you didn’t go to the concert.你没去听音乐会真可惜。
②It is necessary that we (should) master at least one foreign language.
我们有必要掌握至少一门外语。
(2) is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy.
A．As B．That
C．This D．It
答案 D
解析 考查代词的用法。句子的主语是that引导的从句，our belief为表语，需要用it作形 式主语。
归纳拓展
It is＋adj./n.＋that从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
常用于这一句式的形容词有：possible，strange，natural，important...
常用于这一句式的名词有：a pity，a fact，an idea，an honour，no wonder...
当形容词为important/necessary/natural/strange/essential等时，that从句的谓语动词常用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
3. 单元语法：情态动词?1?
学情诊断
根据提示完成句子
(1)There must be something wrong with the computer.(变否定式)
→There can’t be anything wrong with the computer.
(2)They must have finished their homework.(变否定式)
→They can’t have finished their homework.
(3)—Linda has gone to work，but her bicycle is still here.(补全对话)
—She may/might have gone by bus.
(4)I asked him，“May I leave？”(补全句子)
→I asked him if I might leave.
(5)—They are playing basketball.(补全对话)
—They must have finished (finish) their homework.
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．That reminded me of the happy days I had spent there.
2．I have to admire Wang Nan for her persistence.
3．What he said isn’t believable.
4．There are still many people who die from starvation.
5．Under the correct leadership of our Party，we have made victories one after another.
6．You’d better apologize to her yourself，because it’s your fault.
7．She was awarded damages of ￡50,000.
8．I’ll come tomorrow，weather permitting.
9．It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
10．We’re expecting a new arrival in the family soon.
Ⅱ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分
1．The Western holiday Halloween also came from old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.had its origin in
2．China has the Mid-Autumn Festival, when people watch the moon and enjoy moon cakes.admire
3．She promised to come, but she hasn’t arrived yet.turned up
4．Throw away those photos that will make her remember him.remind her of him
5．At some festivals, people go to clean graves to memorize their ancestors.in memory of
Ⅲ.微写作(11)
写作素材
1．有些节日是因为农业原因而发生。
2．有些是为了纪念重要事件，比如纪念一个国家的独立或名人的出生。
3．无论原因是什么，节日就意味着穿漂亮衣服，吃大餐。
4．人们都盼望过节。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Some festivals take place for agricultural reasons and others are in memory of important events, such as the independence of a country or the arrival of a famous person.Whatever the reasons are, festivals usually mean beautiful clothing and feasts and people look forward to them.
Ⅳ.微语法(11)——情态动词的基本用法
(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．I use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house. (2012·大纲全国Ⅰ，30)
A．couldn’t B．mustn’t
C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
答案 D
解析 根据后面的because引导的原因状语从句的内容可知选D项，即“因为每天早晨六点钟那列火车都经过我家，所以没有必要用闹钟来叫醒我”。couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必，不需要。
2．Days later，my brother called to say he was all right，but say where he was.
(2012·江苏，28)
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t
C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t
答案 C
解析 mustn’t禁止，不允许；shouldn’t不应该，表示责怪、批评；wouldn’t不愿意，表示否定的意愿；mightn’t或许不，表示否定的可能性。句意为：几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切都好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。根据句意可知，应选C项。
3．I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese，and I said “Ni Hao，” just as I do in China. (2012·四川，19)
A．must B．might C．can D．should
答案 B
解析 考查情态动词。句意为：我靠他们足够的近去听他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B项。
4．It’s quite warm here; we turn the heating on yet.(2012·天津，8)
A．couldn’t B．mustn’t
C．needn’t D．wouldn’t
答案 C
解析 句意为：这里相当暖和，我们还没有必要打开暖气。couldn’t不能，不可能；mustn’t禁止，一定不能；needn’t没必要；wouldn’t不会。needn’t do sth.表示现在没必要做某事。根据句中的关键信息词quite warm和the heating可知选C项。
5．If you smoke，please go outside.(2011·大纲全国Ⅱ，8)
A．can B．should
C．must D．may
答案 C
解析 句意为：如果你一定要吸烟，请到外面去。if you must do sth.如果你一定要做某事(表示虽不赞同，但允许)，为习惯用语。
Step One 抓基础——句子先行
第7讲 构词法的神奇妙用
高分作文三要素：句型、连接词、高级词汇。
英语书面表达评分标准“最高档”要求：“应用了较多的语法结构或词汇；语法结构或词汇方面有少许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。”在写作中“较高级词汇”的使用主要是指使用《大纲》上没有的词语、使用通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同(近)义词或反义词等来代替常用词语，如a lot of homework用endless homework；too many people用overpopulation；a good room用a well-furnished room等。
即时训练
适当运用构词法翻译下列句子
1．自行车不需要汽油且节能，所以让我们通过骑自行车肩负起责任来创建低碳城市。 (2011·江西·写作)
Bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy-saving，so let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.
2．众所周知，全球水短缺现在越来越严重，主要是因为全球变暖、环境污染及不断增长的人口。 (2010·福建·书面表达)
As we all know，the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming，environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population.
3．要想成为受欢迎的学生，我们应该严格要求自己并尽一切努力做到全面发展，同时在困难面前我们必须意志坚强。
To be a popular student，we ought to be strict with ourselves and make every effort to achieve all-round development，and meanwhile in the face of difficulty we must keep strong-minded.
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