Book 7 Unit 3 Under the sea
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．annual adj.每年的→annual_meeting年会
2．urge vt.催促；极力主张→urge sb.to_do sth. 催促某人做某事→urge that sb. (should) do 极力主张某人做某事
3．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃→abandon the ship 弃船
4．reflect vi.思考→reflect_on反思
5．be aware_of 意识到→raise one’s awareness 提高……的意识
6．scare vt.恐吓→be_scared_to_death吓死了
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．accommodate v．为……提供住宿→accommodation n．住所；住宿
2．deep adj.深的→depth n．深度
3．conserve vt.节省；节约；保护→conservation n．保存；保护
4．reflect vi.思考→reflection n．深思；反射
5．aware adj.意识到的→awareness n．意识
6．taste vt.品尝→tasty adj.好吃的，可口的
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．At the annual(年度的) meeting, the journalists witnessed the conflicts between two parties with opposite(相反的) interests.
2．He urged(敦促) me to abandon(丢弃) the sinking ship and swim to the shore(岸边)．
3．After reflecting(反思) on what happened, I became aware(意识到) that we didn’t find the right target(目标) audiences.
4．At the camp, we provide accommodation(食宿) and we aim to establish a harmonious relationship(关系) between kids.
5．He had a narrow escape and fled from the burning car，dragging(拖) his injured leg.
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
You may yell and be scared to witness so many abandoned old people without accommodation and pension.The government is aware of what it reflects and trying to help them out.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．It_was_a_time_when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
2．It_took over half an hour to_get the boat back to James.
花了半个多小时才把船弄回到詹姆斯身边。
3．This was the call that announced there_was_about_to_be_a_whale_hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．________ to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film. (2012·重庆，23)
A．Having been asked B．To ask
C．Having asked D．To be asked
答案 A
解析 句意为：那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场好电影。分析题意可知说话者是被要求加班的，需用被动结构，故可排除表主动的B、C两项；D项to be asked表“将被要求”，不合句意。只有A项表示“已被要求”。
(考查单元语法)
2．Parents and children should communicate more to________the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. (2012·天津，13)
A．open B．narrow C．widen D．leave
答案 B
解析 open开(放)；narrow使变狭窄，缩小；widen使变宽，拓宽；leave离开。根据句意“父母和孩子应该多沟通交流，消除彼此之间的代沟，以便能够更好地理解彼此。”可知答案为B项。
(教材原句：...as I explored small caves，shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight...)
3．Peter had intended to take a job in business, but ________that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010. (2012·浙江，13)
A．had abandoned B．abandoned
C．abandon D．will abandon
答案 B
解析 句意为：彼得原本想在商界找份工作，但是在2010年加拿大的那次不愉快的经历后他放弃了那个计划。表示“想”“打算”“计划”等动词的过去完成时形式表示“过去原本想/打算/计划”，暗含过去并未做到某事。根据句中的had intended的形式可知abandon应发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。
(教材原句：...I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.)
4．Nowadays，there is a________increase in children’s creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents. (2011·福建，30)
A．sharp B．slight
C．natural D．modest
答案 A
解析 句意为：现在，孩子的创造力剧增，因为我们都非常鼓励他们发展自己的天赋。sharp急剧的；slight稍微的，极小的；natural自然的；modest谦逊的。由语境greatly encouraged(极力被鼓励)可知应是a sharp increase in children’s creativity(孩子创造力的剧增)，故A项正确。
(教材原句：... I didn’t want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth...)
5．After the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide________for the homeless families. (2010·湖北，22)
A．accommodation B．occupation
C．equipment D．furniture
答案 A
解析 句意为：地震之后，当地政府首先做的事情就是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。accommodation住处，容身之处；occupation职业，工作；占据；equipment设备，装备；素质；furniture家具。由句意可知，应选accommodation。
(教材原句：...as I was sorting out my accommodation，I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.)
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．Their advertisers target at rich people. (2012·广东·阅读D)
他们的广告商针对的是富人。
2．Soon it was obvious I was going to be late, as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the opposite direction. (2012·安徽·完形)
很明显我要迟到了，因为我错误地坐上了开往相反方向的车。
3．Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over. (2012·山东·阅读C)
很多次Peters和在Park_Plaza里或其附近工作的人都目击了松鼠被碾轧。
4．Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive. (2011·山东·阅读表达)
确保你能抵制住回复每一条你收到的短信的冲动。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．我还需要反思我的粗心。(reflect) (2012·湖南·书面表达)
I also need to reflect on my carelessness.
2．多年的学校生活让我明白了很多事情，其中团队合作对我来说最重要。(teamwork)
(2011·湖北·短文写作)
Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of which teamwork is the most important for me.
历年高考热点：narrow，abandon，sharp，
accommodation，target，opposite，witness，urge，
reflect，teamwork等的用法。
2014考点预测：witness，urge，abandon，aware，
help(...) out等的用法。
1
双语释义v．当场看到，目击；见证(see sth. happen)；为……的证据；n.目击者；证人(a person who sees sth. happen)；证据(evidence)
学情诊断
(1)用witness的适当形式填空
①I thought，at that time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed with my own eyes many times.
②The year 1949 witnessed the foundation of the People’s Republic of China.
③These facts are a witness to his carelessness.
(2)The education system ________ great changes since the book was written in 1946.
A．has witnessed
B．witnessed
C．had witnessed
D．is witnessing
答案 A
归纳拓展
be ?a? witness to sth.目击，看见某事发生；为……提供证据
bear/give witness to为……作证， 证明
bear false witness against sb.作对某人不利的伪证
give witness on behalf of sb.为某人作证
witness to ?doing? sth.作证，证明?做?某事
2
双语释义v．催促；力劝(persuade)；竭力主张(recommend)；驱赶；鞭策(force)；n.强烈的欲望，冲动(desire)
学情诊断
(1)句型转换
They urged us to go at once.
→They urged us into going at once.
(2)完成句子
①The vacation is coming and I have_an_urge_to_travel(很想去旅行)．
②I urged that we (should)_take_immediate_action(立刻采取措施) to prevent such thing happening again.
(3)The boy hurried to the headmaster to urge that he ________ for that.
A．couldn’t be punished
B．wouldn’t be punished
C．not be punished
D．shouldn’t punish
答案 C
归纳拓展
have an urge to do sth.极想做某事
urge sth. on/upon sb.大力推荐，竭力主张……
urge sb. to do sth./urge sb. into doing sth. 力劝某人做某事 urge that.../It is urged that...极力主张……
易错提示
urge后接that从句时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。
写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵
a．The government must adopt new policies to urge people to use the public transportation in order to change the present situation.
b．Furthermore, parents can help set out study goals and urge us to complete our study tasks.
3
双语释义v．放弃(stop doing)；遗弃；抛弃(leave)；n.放任；放纵(an uncontrolled way of behaving)
学情诊断
(1)用abandon的适当形式填空
①Many people showed pity to the abandoned baby.
②The children were playing on the playground with abandon.
③The situation was so bad that they thought about abandoning the invasion.
(2)From James’s face，I could see he was terrified of ________by his parents.
A．abandoning B．being abandoning
C．being abandoned D．abandoned
答案 C
解析 句意为：从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被他的父母遗弃。空格处表示“被遗弃”，应该用被动语态；又因前面有介词of，故选C项。
归纳拓展
abandon oneself to纵情于……；沉溺于……
with abandon 放肆地
abandoned adj.被遗弃的；被抛弃的
4
双语释义adj.知道的(knowing)；意识到的；察觉到的(conscious)
学情诊断
(1)用aware的适当形式填空
①Most smokers are perfectly aware of the dangers of smoking.
②He seems unaware of the trouble he’s causing，otherwise he would stop it.
③The teacher has tried to make him raise awareness about his pronunciation.
(2)It was several minutes before I was________of what was happening.
A．know B．realize
C．wear D．aware
答案 D
解析 句意为：过了几分钟我才意识到发生了什么。be aware of 意识到。A、B、C三项均为动词，不符合语法规则。
归纳拓展
be/become aware of...对……知道、明白；意识到……
be aware that...知道……；意识到……
as far as I am aware据我所知
unaware adj.不知道的；没意识到的
awareness n.知道，意识；认识；兴趣、
写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵
a．In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
(2010·福建)
b．At once, I was aware that it was a portrait of me. (2010·湖南)
c．At the same time，I realized that being a grown-up not only means this, but also more responsibilities. (2010·四川)
5
学情诊断
(1)一句多译
我不禁想到我们犯了一个大错误。
①I_can’t_help_thinking_that_we’ve_made_a_big_mistake.
②I_can’t_help_but_think_that_we’ve_made_a_big_mistake.
(2)单项填空
①I can’t lift the box.Will you ________ me ________？
A．help；out B．find；out
C．work；out D．figure；out
答案 A
②He knows nothing about it，so he can’t help ________ any of your work.
A．doing B．to do
C．being doing D．to be done
答案 B
归纳拓展
can’t help doing sth./can’t help but do sth.忍不
住?无法抑制?做某事；不可能避免某事
can’t help ?to? do sth.不能帮忙做某事
can’t help oneself/it忍不住；无法控制自已
help oneself ?to sth.?自取，随便吃?食物等?,
help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人
1
我能看到一条鲸鱼正在被其他大约六条虎鲸袭击。
学情诊断
(1)I heard_her_sing_a_song on the stage.
我听到她在舞台上唱了一首歌。
(2)They knew her very well. They had seen her________up from childhood.
A．grow B．grew
C．was growing D．to grow
答案 A
解析 see sb. do sth.看到某人做了某事，指整个过程。
归纳拓展
?1?see/watch/observe/notice/hear...＋sb./sth. do sth.
看到/注意到/听到……某人/某物做了某事
?2?see/watch/observe/notice/hear...＋sb./sth. Doing
sth.看到/注意到/听到……某人/某物正在做某事
2. It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①It_was_a_time_when he disliked learning English.
那一段时期他不喜欢学习英语。
②There was a time when_I_got_on_well_with Mary.
曾有一段时期我和玛丽相处的很好。
(2)There was a time________the women workers didn’t have the same rights as the men workers.
A．when B．which
C．where D．since
答案 A
归纳拓展
It was a time when... 那是一段……的时期
There was a time when... 有一段……的时期
have a good time玩得愉快；过得高兴
3
学情诊断
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)He hurried home，looking (look) behind from time to time.
(2)Afraid of being_attacked (attack) by sharks，people dare not go swimming in the sea.
(3)The question being_discussed (discuss) at present has something important to do with nature.
(4)Having_been_told (tell) many times，he still made the same mistake.
(5)Being kept (keep) waiting made Bill so angry.
Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出下列单词
1．witness：a person who sees an event take place；a sign or proof；to see sth. happen (typically a crime or an accident)
2．accommodation：a place for living in；room，flat，house，hotel room，etc.
3．yell：to say，shout，or cry loudly
4．teamwork：the activity of working well together as a team
5．steep：rising or falling quickly，not gradually
Ⅱ.语境填词
1．We live further down on the opposite side of the road.
2．Many scientists fled to/into America at the beginning of World War Ⅱ.
3．He abandoned himself to despair.
4．She urged him to stay.
5．This novel reflects the life of the Chinese workers after liberation.
Ⅲ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分
1．Companies publish yearly reports to inform the public of the previous year’s activities.annual
2．He couldn’t help shouting at us.yelling
3．He tried_hard_to_persuade us to go on with that plan.urged
4．We had to give_up our ship because of the high winds.abandon
5．We should make everyone know the importance of wildlife protection.aware_of
Ⅳ.微写作(33)
写作素材
1．我的导盲犬小聪聪经常救我于危难之中。
2．一天，我们正过马路，突然，我还没反应过来，它停下来把我拉了回来。
3．然后我听到一辆车呼啸而过。
4．每个目睹的人都吓得要死。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
My guide dog Smart often helped me out. One day，we were crossing the street when Smart paused and dragged me back before I was aware of it.Then I heard a car whistling by. Everyone who witnessed this was scared to death.
Ⅴ.微语法(33)——地点状语从句
(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．Everything was placed exactly________he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.
(2012·天津，14)
A．while B．when
C．where D．though
答案 C
解析 句意为：为这次毕业典礼所准备的东西全部放在了他所预期的精确的位置上。根据句意以及题干中关键信息词was placed exactly以及he wanted it可知，强调的是一个地点概念，且句子不缺少任何成分，只缺一个地点状语与前文呼应。故答案为C项。
2．If you happen to get lost in the wild，you’d better stay ________ you are and wait for help.
(2012·四川，10)
A．why B．where
C．who D．what
答案 B
解析 考查地点状语从句。where引导的地点状语表明主句动作发生的地点。句意为：如果你碰巧在野外走失，你最好呆在你所在的地方，等待帮助。故选B。
3．You’d better not leave the medicine________kids can get at it.
A．even if B．which
C．where D．so that
答案 C
解析 句意：你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够到的地方。where在句中引导地点状语从句。
4．—Mom，what did your doctor say?
—He advised me to live ________ the air is fresher.
A．in where B．in which
C．the place where D．where
答案 D
解析 此题考查地点状语从句，A项无此说法，B项缺少先行词，C项缺少介词in。
5．If you are traveling ________ the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do.
A．in which B．what
C．when D．where
答案 D
解析 句意为：如果你正在一个风俗迥异的地方旅行，请入乡随俗。where引导地点状语从句；A项in which是定语从句的引导词，缺少先行词，所以不正确。
Step Three 八股文——模板形成
第19讲 提纲类(2)——利弊对比型
Nowadays，there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)________(作文题目)．In fact，there are both advantages and disadvantages in________(题目议题)．
Generally speaking，it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly，________(优点一)．And secondly，________(优点二)．
Just as a popular saying goes，“every coin has two sides”，________(讨论议题) is no exception，and in other words，it still has negative aspects.To begin with，________(缺点一)．In addition，________(缺点二)．
To sum up，we should try to bring the advantages of________(讨论议题) into full play，and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case，we will definitely make better use of the________(讨论议题)．
即时训练
面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。
Advantages
Disadvantages
1.传播各民族间的不同文化。
1.年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差。
2.拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术。
2.情感孤独，思乡。
3.良好的语言环境，更利于语言的学习。
3.生活学习费用高。
参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediator
参考范文
In recent years，studying abroad has been popular.Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.There are many advantages in attending schools abroad.First，students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures.Second，we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries.Third，we can learn foreign languages more quickly.
However，there are some disadvantages.Most of the students are too young to live alone without any living experience.Besides，being far away from their home country，they may feel lonely and homesick.Also，of course，the costs are much higher there than that at home.In spite of these，advantages are more than disadvantages.In my opinion，it is advisable to attend schools abroad.
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