Book 6 Unit 4 Global warming
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．come_about发生→come out 出版→come up (问题)被提出→come_up_with 提出→come_across偶遇
2．quantities_of 大量的→a large quantity of 大量的
3．tend vi.趋向；易于→tend to_do倾向于/易于做
4．result_in 导致→lead to /give rise to /contribute_to导致→result from因……发生
5．opposed adj.反对的→oppose/be opposed_to反对→object to反对
6．consequence n．后果→as a consequence/in consequence/consequently结果，因此
7．on the whole大体上，基本上→as a whole作为整体
8．average adj.平均的；n.平均数→on average平均
9．on behalf_of 代表……一方→represent vt.代表→stand for 代表；象征
10．put_up_with忍受；容忍→tolerate/bear/stand忍受；容忍
11．so long as/as long as只要→as soon as 一……就……
12．circumstance n．情况；环境→under/in_no_circumstances无论怎样都不
13．contribution n．贡献→make_contributions_to 为……做贡献
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．consume vt.消费→consumption n．消费→consumer n．消费者
2．tend vi.趋向→tendency n．趋向
3．steady adj.平稳的；稳固的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地
4．exist vi.生存；存在→existence n．生存；存在
5．commit v．做(错事等)；犯(罪等)→commitment n．承诺；交托；信奉
6．grow v．生长；种植→growth n．增长；生长
7．present vt.显示；赠送→presentation n．显示；演出
8．disagree vi.不同意→disagreement n．分歧
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．How did it come_about(发生) that so many people subscribe_to(赞成) the idea while others are_opposed_to(反对) it?
2．Quantities_of(大量的) greenhouse(温室) gases are poured into the air.As a result, the temperature tends(倾向于……) to go_up(上升)．
3．Even_if(即使) it is difficult for you, you can make steady(不断的) progress as_long_as(只要) you keep_on(继续) working hard.
4．On_the_whole(总体而言), the catastrophe(灾难) has resulted_in(造成) over 50 deaths and there is a tendency(趋势) that the number will go_up(增长)．
5．On_behalf_of(代表) our class, I want to tell you we can’t put_up_with(忍受) your casual(随意的) manners to us.
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
Quantities of data and graphs indicate a steady widespread famine phenomenon as the consequence of the trend of advocating too much individual consumption.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．It’s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if_not,_turn it off!
只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就关掉它！
2．It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing_the_global
temperature_to_go_up.
这就意味着更多的热能会被困在大气层里，从而导致地球温度升高。
3．This makes_the_greenhouse_heat_up and so the plants can grow throughout the cold period.
这使得温室变暖，因此植物能在寒冷的时期生长。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．You can borrow my car________you promise not to drive too fast.(2012·江西，31)
A．unless B．even if C．in case D．as long as
答案 D
解析 句意为：你可以借用我的车子只要你承诺不开太快。unless除非，如果不……；even if即使；in case万一，以防；as long as只要。显然D项符合句意。
(教材原句：It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！)
2．—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry.________ it rains，we’ll still have a great time. (2012·北京，21)
A．Even if B．As though
C．In case D．If only
答案 A
解析 even if即使，引导让步状语从句；as though好像，引导方式状语从句；in case以防，万一，引导条件状语从句；if only要是……就好了，引导虚拟条件句。由题干中的关键信息“Don’t worry.”和“...we’ll still have a great time.”可知此处填Even if(即使)。句意为：——看那些乌云！——别担心。即使下雨，我们仍然会玩得很开心。
(教材原句：Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases...)
3．It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ________ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. (2012·重庆， 32)
A．when B．that C．after D．since
答案 B
解析 句意为：郑和航海到东非比哥伦布横渡大西洋早80年。分析题干可知本句是一个强调句，被强调的是“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”，根据强调句结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋剩余部分”可知选B项。
(考查单元语法)
4．I can ________ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean. (2011·新课标全国，26)
A．come up with B．put up with
C．turn to D．stick to
答案 B
解析 句意为：我能忍受这套房子凌乱，但不喜欢它不干净。come up with找到(答案)，想出(主意)；put up with容忍，忍受；turn to转向，翻页，求助于；stick to坚持。
(教材原句：We do not have to put up with pollution.)
5．The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other. (2011·山东，24)
A．it B．them
C．her D．that
答案 A
解析 句意为：这两个女孩长得如此相像，以致于陌生人觉得很难把她们区分开。本句中it用在find后作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to tell one from the other。them，her，that等词均不能作形式宾语或形式主语。
(考查单元语法)
6．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________，but now I know it was the best decision I ever made. (2011·湖北，22)
A．project B．commitment
C．competition D．ambition
答案 B
解析 句意为：放弃我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一个重大的决定，但现在我知道这是我做过的最好决定。project项目；commitment承诺，投入，花费；competition比赛；ambition志向。根据句意可知应选B项。
(教材原句：There are many people who have a commitment...)
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.(2012·北京·阅读C)
尽管男人与女人都更注重压力之下他们得到什么回报而不注重压力会带来什么后果，但是他们对冒险的反应不同。
2．Trees，handrails，hallways, and sign posts are not for bicycle parking, and parking in such spots can result in a fine. (2012·天津·阅读A)
树下，栏杆处，大厅和标志牌下都不得停放自行车，否则就要被罚款。
3．After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to change the way I was doing things. (2011·湖南·完形)
考虑这种现象之后，我决定改变自己现在做事的方式。
4．It includes helping kids with their lessons, raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research.(2011·天津·阅读表达)
这包括帮孩子做功课、为贫困家庭募捐和为环境研究收集数据。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．你的未来取决于很多东西，但主要取决于你自己。(depend on) (2012·浙江·书面表达)
Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.
2．结果，我的学习已稳步提升。(steady) (2011·安徽·书面表达)
As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.
历年高考热点：as long as，even if，put up with，
commitment，tend，consequence，result in， phenomenon，
data，environmental，depend on，steady等的用法。
2014考点预测：tend，oppose，glance，average，subscribe，
come about，result in，put up with等的用法。
1
双语释义vi.趋向；易于(be likely to do)；照顾；vt.照顾；护理(care for)
学情诊断
(1)I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.(句型转换)
→I have a tendency to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
(2)翻译句子
①He tends towards selfishness.
他有自私自利的倾向。
②She tends to get angry when others disagree with her.
别人不同意她的看法时，她很容易生气。
③You’d better tend to your own affairs.
你还是管好自己的事情吧！
归纳拓展
tend?to? sb./sth.照料；照顾
end to do sth./have a tendency to do sth.易于；往往会做某事
tend to/towards sth.有……的趋势；倾向于
tendency n.趋势；倾向
have an upward tendency有向上的趋势
2
双语释义vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(to disagree with)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①He opposed_their_building a new hall.
他反对他们修建新礼堂。
②His daughter is very athletic as_opposed_to his son, who is cleverer.
他女儿擅长运动，与此相对，他儿子则头脑更聪明。
(2)During the discussion, many members were________my proposal, which upset me greatly.
A．objecting B．objected to
C．opposing D．opposed to
答案 D
解析 be opposed to反对……，固定短语。
归纳拓展
oppose A against/to B把A与B相对照或相比,oppose doing sth.反对做某事,be opposed to反对,as opposed to与……相比之下；与……对照而言
3
双语释义vi.看一下；扫视(look quickly)；n.一瞥(a quick look)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①At_first_glance the problem seemed easy.
乍一看问题似乎很简单。
②I could see at_a_glance that it wasn’t the work of Xu Beihong.
我一眼就能看出这不是徐悲鸿的作品。
(2)He ________the envelope and recognized his father’s handwriting.
A．stared at B．glared at
C．looked at D．glanced at
答案 D
解析 句意为：他瞥了一眼信封，认出是他父亲的笔迹。stare at 盯着看；glare at怒视；look at 看；glance at 瞥一眼。由句意可知选D项。
归纳拓展
glance at/down/over/through 浏览，粗略地看
give/take/have a glance ?at?匆匆一看；扫视
at first glance乍看之下；乍一看
at a ?single?glance ?只?看一眼；一眼；立刻
易混辨析 glance，glare，stare
glance指快速地看某人或某物一眼，强调动作。
glare指怒视。
stare指由于害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。
活学活用
用glance，glare，stare的适当形式填空
(1)The boy stared at the broken glass he dropped on the floor，and didn’t know what to do.
(2)She glanced shyly at him and then lowered her eyes.
(3)He didn’t shout；he just glared at me silently.
4
双语释义adj.平均的； 普通的(normal)；典型的(typical)；n.平均数；平均水平；v.平均为；计算出……的平均数(be equal to...as an average)
学情诊断
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①If your grades are above average，you shall get a reward.
②Four hundred people a year die of this disease on average.
③Temperatures are above/below average for the time of year.
(2)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a (n)________of 40,000 per year.
A．average B．number
C．amount D．quantity
答案 A
解析 句意为：去年获得驾照的毕业生的数量达到了20万人，平均每年四万人。average平均数，符合句意。number数字；amount数量；quantity数量。
归纳拓展
the average of ... ……的平均数
on ?the/an? average平均
above?the? average在平均水平之上
below?the? average在平均水平之下
5
双语释义v．订购，订阅(pay regularly to get a copy of...)；捐助，出资(donate)；签名
学情诊断
(1)翻译句子
①I have subscribed to a weekly magazine.
我已订阅了一种周刊。
②I couldn’t subscribe to your opinion more.
我非常同意你的观点。
(2)He did not ________to my proposal，so I’m not pleased.
A．subscribe B．devote
C．promise D．describe
答案 A
归纳拓展
subscribe to a newspaper订阅报纸,
subscribe to an action group捐款给一个行动组织
subscribe to an idea/a view/an opinion赞同
支持某种看法、观点及意见
subscribe one’s name to 签名于……
6
双语释义发生(happen)；造成
学情诊断
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①The dictionary is being printed and it will soon come out.
②This was a really difficult question，but a little boy came up with a good answer.
③I came across an old friend at the party last night.
④The amount owed comes to $40.50.
(2)It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it________that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A．came over B．came out
C．came about D．came up
答案 C
归纳拓展
How did it come about that...？某事是怎么发生的？
come across邂逅，偶遇；被理解，被弄懂
come on快点；加油；得了吧
come out出版；开花；显露
come over拜访
come to合计，共计；结果达到；恢复知觉
come up走近；上来；发生，出现；长出地面；被提及，被讨论
come up with提出(答案、办法等)
7
双语释义造成；导致(lead to)
学情诊断
(1)同义词语替换
Scientists predict the sea levels will rise as_a_result_of global warming.as_a_consequence
of/because_of
(2)一句多译
他因受重伤而死亡。
①He_died_as_a_result_of_serious_injuries.
②Serious_injuries_resulted_in_his_death.
③His_death_resulted_from_serious_injuries.
(3)Any damage________negligence must be paid for by the borrower.
A．resulting in B．resulting from
C．resulted from D．resulted in
答案 B
归纳拓展
result from由……造成；因……发生
as a result of/as a consequence of作为……的结果；由于
as a result结果,without result毫无结果，徒劳
8
双语释义忍受，容忍(tolerate；stand)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①I’ll_have_to_put_up_with_the_noise till I move next week.我下周就要搬了，在此之前，我还是得忍受这种噪音。
②That woman has a lot to_put_up_with.
那个女人有许多烦恼要忍受。
③It isn’t easy to_put_up_with_people_who_are_impolite.容忍没有礼貌的人是不容易的。
(2)To make a living，they are willing to ________ many of the disadvantages of city life such as crime，heavy traffic and pollution.
A．put up B．put off
C．put up with D．put away
答案 C
解析 句意为：为了生存，他们愿意忍受城市生活的许多缺点，诸如犯罪、繁忙的交通和污染问题。put up with忍受。
归纳拓展
can’t stand?sb.? doing sth.无法忍受?某人?做某事
can’t bear doing/to do sth.无法忍受做某事
1
只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！
学情诊断
(1)同义词语替换
You can go out to play so_long_as you stay in the back yard.as_long_as/only_if/on_
condition_that
(2)单项填空
①My parents don’t mind what job I do ________ I am happy.
A．even though B．as soon as
C．as long as D．as though
答案 C
解析 even though即使；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as though似乎，好像。句意为：只要我快乐我父母不介意我做什么工作。
②—Our holiday cost a lot of money.
—Did it？Well，that doesn’t matter________you enjoyed yourselves. (2010·江西，22)
A．as long as B．unless
C．as soon as D．though
答案 A
解析 句意为；——我们的假期花了很多钱。——是吗？只要你们玩得开心，那也就没有关系了。as long as只要；unless除非；as soon as一……就……；though尽管。此处as long as引导条件状语从句，符合句意。
归纳拓展
so/as long as只要
on condition that条件是……
only if只有,as long as长达
as far as远达
as good as几乎；与……几乎一样
as much as与……一样多；和……同等程度
2. Without the “greenhouse effect”， the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.
如果没有温室效应，地球会比现在冷大约33摄氏度。
学情诊断
(1)Without your help，I couldn’t_have_worked_out_the_problem yesterday.
如果没有你的帮助，昨天我就不能解决这个问题。
(2)单项填空
①Without the Communist Party of China，________China.
A．there were not B．there would be no
C．there will be D．there hadn’t been
答案 B
②But for the Party’s policy, we________such a happy life.
A．will not lead B．can not lead
C．do not lead D．could not lead
答案 D
归纳拓展
?1?介词和介词短语without?没有?，but for?如果不是?可
以表示含蓄条件句，相当于一个if引导的虚拟条件句。
?2?连词but，otherwise 也可以引出含蓄条件句。
写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵
a．Obviously，without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school today. (2011·福建)
b．Without your help，I couldn’t have made so much progress in English.(2009·山东)
3
学情诊断
按强调句形式改写下列句子
(1)The meeting will not begin until everyone is seated.(强调not...until...)
→It_is_not_until_everyone_is_seated_that the meeting will begin.
(2)Why did he come late for the meeting？(强调why)
→Why_was_it_that he came late for the meeting?
(3)How did you find his house？(强调how)
→How_was_it_that you found his house?
(4)Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championship take place？(强调where)
→Where_was_it_that the 44th World Table Tennis Championship took place?
(5)Did they clean the classroom yesterday？(强调they)
→Was_it_they_that/who cleaned the classroom yesterday？
Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出下列单词
1．consume：to use sth.，especially fuel，energy or time
2．consequence：a result of sth. that has happened
3．range：the limits between which sth. varies
4．glance：a quick look；to look quickly at sb./sth.
5．commitment：a promise to do sth. or to behave in a particular way
Ⅱ.语境填词
1．Every year I usually subscribe to some magazines for my daughter to read.
2．She is tending (to) her sick mother at home.
3．The witness stated that she had never seen Mr.Smith.
4．There are two hundred boys ranging from seven to fourteen in age.
5．Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
Ⅲ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分
1．Global warming happens as a result of human activities. comes_about
2．All scientists agree that the increase in the temperature is due to the burning of fuels. subscribe_to_the_view
3．Prices seem to be increasing day by day. going_up
4．He is against my giving up my present job.opposed_to
5．The accident caused 15 deaths.resulted_in
Ⅳ.微写作(29)
写作素材
1．有些科学家同意全球变暖是个灾难。
2．不断增长的温度可能会导致洪水、干旱和饥饿。
3．其他科学家反对这种观点，认为这种变暖会很温和，不会在环境方面导致严重的后果。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods，drought and famines. Others are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences.
Ⅴ.微语法(29)——强调句
(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?
—Of course，I have.It was in our village ________ it was made. (2011·重庆，32)
A．that B．where
C．when D．which
答案 A
解析 句意为：——你看过电影《山楂树之恋》吗？——当然，我看过。它就是在我们村里拍摄的。依据强调句型结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分”可知选A。
2．—________ made Daisy wild with joy?
—Her success in the A-level exam this year.
A．How was it that B．When was it that
C．Why was it that D．What was it that
答案 D
解析 考查强调句式的特殊疑问句形式。此处强调主语成分，而答语“Her success in the A-level exam this year.”作主语，相当于问句中的what。
3．Some great people said it was their primary school teachers that they were fond of________
influenced their whole life.
A．what B．which
C．as D．who
答案 D
解析 考查强调句。句意为：一些伟人说，是他们喜欢的小学老师影响了他们的一生。被强调的部分是“their primary school teachers”，而“that they were fond of”是定语从句，修饰先行词teachers。在此强调句中，被强调的部分指人，结合选项可知选who。
4．—________was it that they found the lost suitcase?
—The hotel manager had made every effort to help them.
A．What B．How
C．Which D．Who
答案 B
解析 考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处可用句式“特殊疑问词＋was＋it＋that＋其他”。结合语境可知此处应用疑问词how来强调找到手提箱的方式，故B项正确。
5．It was only as I got older ________I got more curious about my background.
A．that B．than
C．then D．when
答案 A
解析 考查强调句型。此处only as I got older是被强调的部分。
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