选修6 Unit 1 Art
要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的 n．摘要 2．faith n．信任；信心；信念→faithful adj.忠实的→faithfully adv.忠实地 3．aim n．目标；目的 vi. & vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力 4．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的 5．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养 6．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→possession n．拥有
7．coincidence n．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident adj.同时发生的；同一时间发生的 8．attempt n．努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图 9．predict vt.预言；预告；预测→prediction n．预言→predictor n．预言者 10．specific adj.确切的；特定的 11．exhibition n．展览；陈列；展览会 12．preference n．喜爱；偏爱→prefer v．喜爱
13．appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将……上诉 n．呼吁；恳求 14．civilization n．文明；文化；文明社会→civilize v．使文明；使开化 15．visual adj.视觉的；看得见的→invisual adj.看不见的 16．contemporary adj.当代的；同时代的
●重点短语
1．concentrate on 集中 2．as well as 也；还；而且 3．by coincidence 巧合地 4．a great deal 大量 5．lead to 导致 6．scores_of... 大量的……
7．on the other hand (可是)另一方面 8．in the flesh 活着的；本人 9．have a preference for 偏爱 10．appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣 11．lie in 在于；位于
●重点句型
1．If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,_no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。 2．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists,_who lived and worked in Paris. 在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。
3．Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York.许多艺术爱好者宁愿参观这个小艺术馆而不参观纽约其他的艺术馆。 4．It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.令人惊奇的是，从19世纪后期到21世纪的如此众多的艺术名品竟都被同一家博物馆收藏。
●高考范文
(2008·湖北) 假设你是卜曼宜，你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机，因有质量问题，要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。 要点：1.问题：手机不响铃，不能发短信；该产品已售完，无法更换；型号新，无配件，无法维修。
2．要求：公司应尽快予以更换。 注意：1.词数为100左右； 2．参考词汇：配件spare part； 3．电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好(不计入你所写词数)。
Dear Sir， I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone S250 I bought on 20th Apr. 2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan, China. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely yours， Bu Manyi
[范文] Dear_Sir， I_am_writing_to_you_for_the_mobile_phone_of_Dephone S250_I_bought_on_20th_Apr._2008_at_Tele_Mall_in_Wuhan,_China. Ten days after that, it didn't ring or send short messages. Then I took it to the seller, but was told that the model had been sold out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one. Later I went to the repairman. He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts. I was so desperate on hearing that.
How can I wait that long? Therefore, I require that you send me a new one of the same model within a month. Thank_you_for_your_consideration. Sincerely_yours， Bu_Manyi
考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 1．aim n．&v. 瞄准；对准；目标 miss one‘s aim 未击中目标 have a high aim in life 胸怀大志 achieve one’s aim 达到目的 take aim at 向……瞄准 without aim 漫无目的 with the aim of doing sth. 意在做某事 aim at/for sth. 致力于，意欲，旨在
aim to do sth. 旨在干……；以……为目标be aimed at 对象是；针对 [即学即练1](1)She went to London ______ ______ ______ ______ finding a job. 她去伦敦是为了找工作。 (2)Bob‘s one ______ ______ ______ is to earn a lot of money. 鲍勃唯一的一个人生目标就是挣很多的钱。
with
the
aim
of
aim
in
life
(3)They‘re ________ ______ training everybody by the end of the year. 他们力求做到在年底前人人得到培训。 (4)These measures are ______ ______ preventing violent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
aiming
at
aimed
at
2．adopt vt.采纳；采用；收养 adopt an approach/strategy/policy 采用某方法/战略/政策 an adopted son养子
[即学即练2](1)The couple couldn’t have children of their own so they __________ ______ ________ ______ ______. 这对夫妇没有自己的孩子，所以他们收养了两个孩子。
adopted
a
couple
of
kids
(2)Circumstances will force us finally to _________ ______ _________.形势将最终迫使我们采取这项方针。 (3)Our school has _________ ______ ______ __________ __________. 我们学校已经采用了新的教学方法。 (4)We’d like to _________ ______ ______. 我们愿意采纳你的看法。
adopt
this
policy
adopted
a
new
teaching
method
adopt
your
idea
提示：adopt/adapt 这两个单词仅有一个字母之差，要注意它们含义的区别。 adopt采用，采纳；收养；正式通过 adapt改编；使适应
3．possess vt. 拥有，占有 possession n. 拥有，占有，所有，[pl.]财产 come into one‘s possession 被某人占有；落入某人之手
take/get/gain possession of 拿到……；占有；占领 in possession of 拥有；持有 in the possession of sb./in one's possession 为某人所有 be possessed of 具有(某品质)
[即学即练3](1)That top secret document has ______ ______ ______ ____________. 那份绝密文件已被她拿到。 (2)Our forces ______ ____________ ______ the hill. 我们的部队占领了那座小山。 (3)He is ______ lawful ______ _____________ a shotgun. 他合法地持有猎枪。
come
into
her
possession
took
possession
of
in
of
possession
(4)The rare stamp is ______ ______ ___________ ______ an unknown collector. 那张珍贵的邮票为一位不知名的收藏家所拥有。 (5)He lost ______ ______ ___________ in the fire. 在那场火灾中他失去全部财产。
in
the
possession
of
all
his
possessions
4．attempt vt.&vi.试图；企图 n．努力；尝试；企图 attempted adj. 未遂的 attempt to do sth. 试图做某事(＝try/seek to do) make an/no attempt to do sth./at doing sth. 企图/没 有企图做某事
in an attempt to do/at doing sth. 为了做某事 at the first attempt 首次尝试 an attempted murder/suicide 谋杀/自杀未遂
[即学即练4](1)He ______ ______ ______ to climb the mountain but failed.他企图要爬上这座山，但失败了。 (2)I ___________ ______ ______ but was stopped. 我想走但被拦住了。 (3)I passed my driving test ______ ______ ______ ________.我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。
made
an
attempt
attempted
to
leave
at
the
first
attempt
(4)He was accused of __________ __________. 他被控告谋杀未遂。
attempted
murder
5．appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将……上诉 appeal to对……有吸引力；呼吁；上诉；引起……的兴趣 appeal to sb. for sth.请求某人某事 appeal for sth.呼吁某事；请求给予某物 appeal to/for sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事 make an appeal for sb. to do sth.呼吁某人做某事
[即学即练5](1)Her sense of humour _________ ______ ______ enormously.她的幽默感强烈地吸引住了他。 (2)She _________ ______ ______ ______ ______ against her sentence.她不服判决而向高等法院上诉。
appealed
to
him
appealed
to
the
high
court
(3)The government is ________ ______ the public ______ help for those who lost their homes in the flood. ＝______ ______ ______ ______ ______ by the government for help for those who lost their homes in the flood. 政府正在呼吁公众对在水灾中丧失家园的人给予援助。
appealing
to
for
An
appeal
is
being
made
6．a great deal 大量，非常(多做宾语，也可修饰形容词以及副词的比较级) a great deal of 很多，大量(后接不可数名词) [即学即练6](1)He knew ______ ______ ______ more than I did.他懂的比我多得多。 (2)He is ______ ______ ______ more experienced in it than I. 这方面他比我的经验多得多。
a
great
deal
great
a
deal
(3)______ ______ ______ ______ their work is unpaid. 他们很多工作都是没有报酬的。
A
great
deal
of
拓展： a great/good deal of＋不可数名词 许多；大量 a large amount of＋不可数名词 许多 a great/good many＋可数名词 许多 a great/good number of＋可数名词 许多 plenty of＋可数/不可数名词 许多 a lot of(＝lots of)＋可数/不可数名词 许多
7．on the other hand(可是)另一方面 on(the) one hand..., on the other hand...(引出不同 的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)一方面……，另一方面(却)…… first(ly)．..; second(ly)．..第一……；第二…… for one thing..., for another...一则……，二则……
[即学即练7](1)He was praised by his teacher ______ ______ ______ ______， but blamed by his friends ______ ______ ______ ______. 一方面，他受到了老师的表扬，但另一方面，又受到了朋友的责怪。 (2)He’s an able man, but ______ ______ ______ ______ he demands too much of people. 他是一位能干的人，但是另一方面，他对人要求太高了。
on
the
one
hand
on
the
other
hand
on
the
other
hand
(3)I’m not going to buy it, ______ ______ ______ I don’t like the colour, and ______ ______ it’s far too expensive. 我不买这东西，一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。
for
one
thing
for
another
8．scores of 许多；大量 dozens of 许多，大量 tens of 数十(个等) hundreds of 许多，数百 thousands of 许多，成千上万 tens of thousands of 大量，无数，数以万计的 millions of 大量，无数，数百万 billions of 大量，无数，数十亿
[即学即练8](1)_________ ______ people are in line for food.很多人在排队等候食物。 (2)We have _________ ______ things to do now. 我们现在有很多事要做。 (3)Men have been making music for ___________ ______ years.人类创作音乐已有数千年的历史了。
Scores
of
dozens
of
thousands
of
提示：(1)score意为“二十”，当前面有数字时，本身不能加s，名词前常加of。如：two score of books 40本书。 (2)dozen意为“十二”，当前面有数字时，本身也不能加s，名词前有修饰词，则加of，否则一般不加。如： two dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 two dozen of these eggs两打这样的鸡蛋
Ⅱ.重点句型详解 1．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. 在这些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中就有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派艺术家们。 此句是一个倒装句，正常语序应为The Impressionists who lived and worked in Paris were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.此句为表语部分提前而引起的倒装。
①Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes. 一个腼腆的长着两只大眼睛的女孩坐在屋子的后面。 ②Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.妇女受歧视的年代一去不复返了。
[即境活用1] Present at the meeting ______. A．Mr. Liu was, who taught us English B．was Mr. Liu, who taught us English C．was who taught us English, Mr. Liu D．Mr. Liu, who taught us English, was
答案：B
2．It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum. 令人感到惊奇的是同一家博物馆中收藏了那么多伟大的从19世纪晚期至21世纪的艺术作品。 it在句中做形式主语，真正的主语是 that 从句。it做形式主语，可以代替不定式、动名词、从句，置于句首，无意义，使句式结构更平衡。常见句型有：
(1)It is important (easy, hard, difficult, possible, necessary...) for sb. to do sth. (2)It is a pity (a shame, a pleasure, one's duty, bad manners...) for sb. to do sth. (3)It is kind (nice, wise, brave, silly, polite, friendly...) of sb. to do sth. (4)It's a pity (a shame, a fact, a wonder...) that... (5)It is strange (obvious, true, good, possible, likely, clear...) that...
(6)It seems (happens, turns out, occurs to me...) that... (7)It is said (reported, decided, expected...) that...
①It is nice of you to give us so much help. 你这么帮助我们真是太好了。 ②It‘s a pity that I didn’t think of it earlier. 真可惜我没有早想起来。 ③It is reported that the production has been put into use. 据报道，这种产品已投入使用。
[即境活用2]The foreign minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” A．This is B．There is C．That is D．It is
解析：it做形式主语，that引导的从句做真正的主语。
答案：D
易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考
1. attempt/try/manage (1)attempt正式用语，常指一次的而不是继续的尝试，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，常包含“冒险”意义。 (2)try通俗用语，指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示“试图做某事”，后接动名词表“试着做某事”。
(3)manage“成功地做成某事”，强调结果。 [应用1] (1)All the students ____________ to pass the exam. (2)The prisoner ___________ an escape, but failed. (3)We should ______ our best to catch up with others.
managed
attempted
try
2. predict/forecast/foresee (1)predict强调把预见的事情说出来。 (2)foresee指预告，强调预先感觉到事情的发生。 (3)forecast主要指预报天气，也可指预测可能发生的事。
[应用2] (1)Earthquakes can’t be prevented, but they can be ____________.地震不能预防，但能够预测。 (2)It is ___________ that it will rain tomorrow. 据预报明天有雨。 (3)No one can ___________what the outcome of the election will be.没有人能预测选举结果。
predicted
forecast
foresee
高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Some fortune－tellers say that they can p_________ future events.
2．A good salesperson has to be a___________ in today's competitive market.
3．With the development of the society, there are no p_____________ jobs any more.
4．Have you seen the e__________ of paintings by Picasso?
5．The tree cast its s _____________ on the lake.
predict
aggressive
permanent
exhibition
shadow
6．Don't be __________ (荒唐的)! You can't pay ￡50 for a T－shirt!
7．Environmental damage threatens the whole _________ (文明)．
8．It was ______(典型的) of her to forget.
9．He came here without friends or _____________ (财产) and made his fortune.
10．The greatest ______ (学者) can't solve this difficult problem.
ridiculous
civilization
typical
possessions
scholar
Ⅱ .单项选择 1．—Would you rather ______ there tomorrow? —No, I'd rather he ______ there instead of me. A．to go; will go B．go; went C．go; will go D．going; shall go
答案：B
解析：本题考查 would rather 后要用动词原形以及从句中的动词形式。
2．______them have been to New York______. A．Scores; dozen of times B．Dozens of; score of times C．Scores of; dozens of times D．Two scores of; two dozens of times
答案：C
解析：当 score, dozen 前无具体数字修饰时，应用复数形式，且必须和 of连用，构成 dozens of, scores of，表示“许多，大量”。而D项中的 score与 dozen 不能用复数形式，因前面有具体数字。句意为：“他们中有许多人已去过纽约许多次。”
3．Jerry works out every morning, ______ a weight loss of ten pounds. A．putting forward B．relying on C．setting foot in D．aiming at
答案：D
解析：考查动词短语。aim at doing sth. “目的是/旨在……”。put forward 提出；rely on 依赖；set foot in 踏入。
4．I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment. A．in other words B．on the other hand C．for one thing D．as a matter of fact
答案：B
解析：本题意思是“我喜欢酬劳更多的工作，但是从另一方面来说，我很满意我现在正在做的工作”。in other words 换句话说；on the other hand另一方面；for one thing 首先；as a matter of fact 事实上。从逻辑上来讲，A、C、D都不正确。
5．Can they take ______ of that house if we fail to reach an agreement with them? A．notice B．hold C．possession D．care
答案：C
解析：take possession of “占有，拥有”，合题意。take notice of 注意；take hold of 抓住；take care of 照顾。
6．He ______ to escape from the prison, but he couldn't find anybody to help him. A．succeeded B．attempted C．advised D．offered
答案：B
解析：succeed 后不接不定式做宾语，“成功地做某事”应为 succeed in doing sth.；advise doing sth. (建议做某事)；offer to do sth. (主动帮助做某事)；attempt to do sth. 意为“尽力去做，但不一定成功”。
7．—How do you like the film? —Oh, it is wonderful. People here think ______ of it. A．a number B．a great deal C．a great many D．a plenty
答案：B
解析：此处 think a great deal of 相当于 think much of“评价很高”。
8．French fashionable dress has been ______ by people in many parts of the world. A．adopting B．adopted C．adapted D．adapting
答案：B
解析：句意：法国时尚时装被世界许多地方的人采用。adopt采纳，接受；adapt改编，适应。根据句意应选B。
9．Jack is late again. It is ______ of him to keep others waiting. A．normal B．ordinary C．common D．typical
答案：D
解析：句意：杰克又迟到了，让别人等他是他的典型特点。typical典型的，符合句意，而normal普通，正规的；ordinary正常的；common共同的。均不合句意。
10．(2010·长春调研)The Harry Potter books ______ to readers of all ages. A．attract B．pay attention C．appeal D．attach
答案：C
解析：哈利·波特系列丛书吸引了不同年龄段的读者。appeal to“吸引”，符合题意。
11．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ______ didn’t help. A．it B．she C．which D．he
答案：A
解析：此处it指代前面句子的内容。此题易误选which，引导一个非限定性定语从句，因前面已有连词，故不用which。
12．(2010·福建六校三联)It was the skills ______ he had acquired at his training period ______ enabled him to get such a high post in that world－famous company. A．that; what B．what; that C．that; that D．that; which
答案：C
解析：考查定语从句和强调句。第一空的that引导定语从句，并在从句中作acquired的宾语；第二空的that与句首的It was构成强调句的基本结构。
13．It seems quite ______ to expect a student to acquire so many fresh skills within such a short period. A．urgent B．available C．scary D．ridiculous
答案：D
解析：句意：那似乎是荒谬的，指望一个学生在如此短的时间内掌握这么多新技能。ridiculous 荒谬的，可笑的；urgent 紧急的；available可用的；scary 吓人的。
14．If it were not for the fact that I ______ very busy, I would go with you. A．am B．was C．were D．should be
答案：A
解析：if 从句用了虚拟语气，但 the fact 的同位语从句中不用虚拟，故选A。
15．______for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A．If it is not B．Were it not C．Had it not been D．If they were not
答案：C
解析：主句 would have done表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故 if从句应用 had done, 其中 if可以省略，变为倒装句。
Ⅲ .阅读理解 A The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched(草盖的) roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm building—these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles. Although thatch has always been used for cottages and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too. Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full－time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.
Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter. In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often unwilling to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings.
However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done in the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years and is an effective defence against the heat.
1．Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside? A．Cottages with thatched roofs. B．Churches with cottages around them. C．Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings. D．Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.
2．What do we know about thatching as a craft? A．It is quite different from what it used to be. B．It is in most cases handed down among family members. C．It is practiced on farms all over England. D．It is a short－term activity.
3．Thatched houses are still preferred because of ______. A．their beautiful colors B．their easy maintenance C．their cheap and ready－made materials D．their style and comfort
4．People in developing countries also live under thatch because ______. A．they like thatched houses better than other buildings B．thatch is an effective defence against the heat C．thatched roof houses are the cheapest D．thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
B The snow has paralysed(使瘫痪) transport in China during the country's most important vacation period, the celebration of the Chinese New Year. Not only have transport delays hindered personal trips, but they have also slowed the delivery of fresh produce to markets. Consequently, in Zhengzhou, the capital city of Henan Province, tomato prices have doubled, and the cost of 47 other vegetables has increased by 36%, as reported by local media at the end of January.
According to an inside PR source, “wholesalers in Beijing were quoted as saying that only about 20% of the usual fresh vegetable supplies were reaching the city.” As an Asian country with a diet based on fresh produce, the shortage of vegetables and the rise in prices is not only affecting fresh food producers, but also the final consumers.
In terms of production, this is the worst snow disaster to hit China in the last 50 years, affecting a total of 9.4 million hectares of farmland in the country, according to a report published on 4 February 2008 by Feng Tao of Xinhua News, at the Chinese government website. Most of the crops devastated(毁坏) by the frost are located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the traditional natural border between North and South China.
Chen Xiwen, Director of the Office of the Central Leading Group on Rural Work, pointed out at the end of last week that “the blizzard disaster in the south has had a severe impact on winter crops, and the impact on fresh vegetables could be catastrophic in certain areas”， as stated in the Xinhua News report.
The Chinese government has been quick to take extreme measures. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) has sent 13 teams of experts to 8 of the areas most seriously affected by the harsh weather. The aim of this initiative is to provide farmers with technical assistance to minimize their losses.
5. From this passage, we can know that the snow happened ______. A. during the Spring Festival B. in the coldest days of the winter C. in the north of China D. it's not mentioned here
6. What's the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph four? A. Worst. B. Snowstorm. C. Cold weather. D. Biggest.
7. This passage mainly tells us ______ . A. the snow in the south of China caused many problems B. the effect of the snow in the south of China on the fresh food C. the snow in the south of China slowed the delivery of fresh produce to markets D. the Chinese government has taken extreme measures to help the suffered farmers
8. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) has sent 13 teams of experts to 8 of the areas to ______. A. help the farmers plant crops B. give money to the farmers C. give directions to the farmers with their technic D. deliver crops for the farmers
答案及解析： 这是一篇说明文。介绍英国一种独特的工艺——草顶屋。许多发展中国家的人们多是因经济原因而住草顶屋；而英国的草顶屋舒适又耐久，因此深受当地人们追捧。
1．A。事实细节题。根据第一段最后一行Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.和第三段中Over 800 full－time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.可得知草顶屋至今仍是英国乡村一道独特的风景。
2．B。推理判断题。从第三段的Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages.可推断该手艺是家传的。
3．D。事实细节题。从第三段中的Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.可知，英国人喜欢草顶屋是因为它既美观又舒适。
4．C。事实细节题。从第四段中得知发展中国家的人们选择草顶屋是因为没钱选择更好的建筑材料。
5．A。第一段开头提到时间是在庆祝春节期间。
6．B。本文开头就提到大雪对人们产生的影响，可以看出发生的是雪灾。
7．B。文章分析了大雪对农产品如蔬菜、水果的影响，C、D只提了其中的一个方面，不全面。
8．C。最后一段最后一句说到派人的目的是提供技术帮助，与C项意思一致。
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