Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
abandoned, recently, midnight
b. 语法
The -ed form and past tense time expressions.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the Ss to learn the -ed form used as adjective and past tense time expressions.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the Ss learn how to use the -ed form as adjective and past tense time expressions.
Teaching important points 教学重点
Explain the -ed form used in the passage.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
Help the Ss learn how to use the -ed form through practice.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Explaining and practicing.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures && ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
T: Good morning / afternoon, class! Yesterday we learned a passage about My First Ride on a Train. Now I’d like you to retell the passage. Who’d like to have a try?
S: Let me try. Alice Thompson, who comes from Sydney, had her first ride on a long-distance train. Her destination was Alice Springs, right in the middle of Australia. The train was wonderful and the food was great. She enjoyed different scenery on the way. She was very excited and quite enjoyed the journey. During the journey, she also learned some knowledge. She knew why the train was called the Ghan and that camels used to be the main means of transport for traveling a long distance in the past.
T: Quite good. Now please show me the sentences that contain the -ed form in the passage.
S: We ate great meals cooked by experts.
We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.
Trained camels carried food and other supplies.
T: Very good. In this period, we’ll learn a new grammar — the -ed form used as adjective.
Step II The -ed form
Show the above three sentences on the screen.
T: Now look at these three sentences on the screen. Trained, abandoned and cooked are adjectives, but they are also past participles of verbs. What are the infinitives of the verbs?
S: Train, abandon and cook.
T: Look at the order of these words. The first one is noun + adjective. What is the word order of the other two words?
S: They are both adjective + noun.
T: Why are they different? Why is it “meals cooked by experts” and not “cooked meals by experts”? Any ideas?
Ss: No.
T: Don’t worry. I’ll explain it to you. When we use past participle as attribute, if it is a single word, we put it before the noun, but if this word is followed by some phrases such as adverbial phrases or prepositional phrases etc., we put it behind the noun. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes.
T: I’ll give you more sentences. Look at the following sentences on the screen. Find out the similarities and differences between them.
Show the following sentences on the screen.
1. a. Trained students won the match.
b. Students trained by Mr Gao won the match.
2. a. This is the finished homework.
b. This is the homework finished by Li Kang.
3. a. I saw a painted new house in the distance.
b. I saw a new house painted white in the distance.
S: In the “a” sentences, the -ed form: trained, finished and painted are all put before nouns. In the “b” sentences, all of the -ed form are put behind nouns, because they are followed by phrases.
T: You are right. Now try to give more sentences with the -ed form.
Ss: Let’s go to the bookstore opened last month.
I don’t like to go to supermarkets crowded with shoppers.
The three injured students were sent to hospital.
Tom can’t go to school because of his broken leg.
T: You did a good job. Let’s do more practice. Turn to P79, and finish Exercises 1 and 2.
After a while, check the answers with the whole class.
T: Now look at the screen, compare the -ed form with the -ing form of verbs.
Show the following practice on the screen.
a. The man disturbing the other workers is called James Smith.
The man disturbed by the other workers is called James Smith.
b. The teenagers discussing the event in the TV talk show were all school
children.
The teenagers discussed in the TV talk show were all school children.
c. The driver informing us of the accident quit his job a week later.
The driver informed of the accident quit his job a week later.
d. I had already met the man interviewing me before I came here.
I had already met the man interviewed by the boss before I came here.
e. Do you happen to know the host presenting the professor?
Do you happen to know the host presented by the professor?
Let the Ss compare the differences by translating them into Chinese.
T: One more practice for you. Translate the following Chinese phrases into English using the past participle form of verbs.
Show the following on the screen.
A. 一本受到好评的书籍 B. 一头落入陷阱的动物
C. 一条参考答案 D. 一次徒劳的旅行
E. 一个男女生混合组 F. 一个分裂的国家
G. 一尊雕像 H. 一条洪水淹没的街道
I. 一块犁过的田地 J. 一次有导游的旅行
Sample answers:
A. a valued book B. a trapped animal
C. a suggested answer D. a wasted journey
E. a mixed group F. a divided country
G. a carved figure H. a flooded street
I. a ploughed field J. a guided trip
Step III Past tense time expressions
In the process, ask the Ss to read My First Ride on a Train again and find past tense time expressions, then finish Activity 2 in Grammar 2 on P27 and Exercise 3 on P80.
T: Now let’s go back to My First Ride on a Train again and list the past tense time expressions in it.
Several minutes later.
T: Have you finished? Who’d like to write them on the blackboard? Volunteer?
A student writes the following expressions on the blackboard.
During the day ... One night ... At (about) midnight ... A long time ago ... A hundred and fifty years ago ... In 1925...
T: These expressions are used when we describe past experiences. Now turn to P27 and complete the sentences in Activity 2 with similar time expressions.
Check the answers after the Ss finish it. Then let them do Exercise 3 on P80 and check the answers.
Step IV Homework
1. Make five sentences containing the -ed form.
2. Write a short passage, using past tense time expressions.
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