Teaching goals 教学目标 1. Target language目标语言 a. 重点词汇和短语 album, go deaf, musical talent, split up b. 重点句式 When it was ..., there was ... P24 While he was ..., he was ... P24 As he grew older, he began to ... P24 By the time he was a teenager, he was ... P24 Before they visited India, they had ... P27 2. Ability goals 能力目标 Enable the Ss to use adverbial clause of time and the past perfect tense correctly. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Help the Ss learn how to use adverbial clause of time and the past perfect tense. Teaching important points教学重点 Learn Adverbial clause of time and the link words When, while and as. Learn to use the past perfect tense correctly. Teaching difficult points教学难点 How to use the link words correctly. Compare the past tense with the past perfect tense. Teaching methods教学方法 Practice. Teaching aids教具准备 A projector and a Bb. Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式 Step I Grammar 1 Task 1 Presentation T: Today we’re going to have a grammar lesson. In this class we’ll learn two grammar points. One is adverbial clause of time, and the other is the past perfect tense. Now before our new class, let’s play a game. Here are some cards in my hand. There is a Chinese sentence in each card. I will show them to you one by one. When you see it, please translate it into English immediately. Are you clear? Ss: Yes. T: OK. Are you ready? Let’s go. Show the cards one by one. 1. 我们到家的时候天已经快黑了。 S1: When we reached home, it was getting dark. 2.该工作的时候就工作, 该玩的时候就玩。 S2: Work while you work, play while you play. 3. 我上学之前, 一点英语都不懂。 S3: I didn’t know any English before I started school. 4. 他们很兴奋, 以至近天明才睡着。 S4: They were so excited that they didn’t fall asleep until it was almost dawn. 5. 自从大学毕业以后, 他一直在这里工作。 S5: He has been working here ever since he left university. Task 2 Explanation T: OK. All of you are wonderful. Now let’s find out the conjunctive adverb in each sentence. Any volunteers? S: In the first sentence, it’s when. S: The second, while. S: The third, before. S: The fourth, until. S: The fifth, ever since. T: You five did very well. Now let’s analyze the above five sentences. Please tell me which action happens first, the one in the main clause or the one in the subordinate clause. S1: In the first sentence two actions happen at the same time. T: Very good! The second one? S2: At the same time, too. T: Excellent! What about the third one? S3: The action in the main clause happens first. T: Quite right! How about the fourth one? S4: Also the action in the subordinate clause happens first. T: And the fifth one? S5: The action in the subordinate clause happens first. Through this exercise, the Ss can understand adverbial clause of time. Task 3 Practice T: OK! From this, I can see you have grasped adverbial clause of time. Now turn to Page 24 and please do Activities 1－3 in Grammar 1. A few minutes later, check the answers. Step II Grammar 2 Task 1 Presentation Write the following two sentences on the blackboard. 1. After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States. 2. Before they visited India, they had recorded seven albums. Then ask the Ss the following questions: In the first sentence, which came first, becoming stars in their own country or touring the United States? What about the second sentence? A few minutes later, check the answers. Task 2 Explanation T: The past perfect tense is used to express a certain action, which happened before another past-time action. Please pay attention to the difference between the past tense and the past perfect tense. Look at the following sentences. 1. The meeting started at six o’clock. (The action started happens at six o’clock.) 2. The meeting had started when we arrived at the hall. (Had started happens before arrived.) 3. He had worked in Beijing for ten years before he came to our school. (Had worked lasts for ten years.) 4. The teacher said that Columbus discovered America in 1492. (The italic part is a historical fact.) 5. He got up, dressed himself and then went downstairs to have breakfast.(There are a series of actions linked by and.) T: If we meet verbs like think, suppose, hope, want, expect and plan, we usually use the past perfect tense. e.g. I had thought he had died. They had wanted to catch the first bus, but they didn’t get up early enough. Task 3 Practice Guide the Ss to do Activities 2－4 on Page 27. Through these exercises, the Ss can consolidate the use of the past perfect tense. Step III Homework Finish the exercises in Grammar on Page 79 of the WORKBOOK.
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