Teaching goals 教学目标 1. Target language 目标语言 a. 重点词汇及短语 as soon as, at the same time, be delighted to do ..., be replaced by ... b. 重点句式 P45 Since no one else saw the aliens, not many people ... Now that ..., I hope I can come many more time. 2. Ability goals能力目标 Enable the Ss to use adverbial clauses of time and reason. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Get the Ss to master the ways to use adverbial clauses of time and reason. Teaching important points教学重点 Get the Ss to master the ways to use adverbial clauses of time and reason. Teaching difficult points 教学难点 Teach the Ss to use adverbial clauses of time and reason correctly. Teaching methods 教学方法 Question-answer activity, pair or group work and comparison. Teaching aids教具准备 A multi-media computer. Teaching procedures & ways教学过程方式 Step I Revision T: Last period I have asked you to pick out the sentences with adverbial clause of time. Now who’d like to give one or some examples? Ss: When he was orbiting in the capsule, he took photographs of planet earth. Ss: When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Center to offer his congratulations. Ss: When Yang took off Jiuquan in northwest China at 9am yesterday, China become the third nation to send a man into space. Ss: While he was traveling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station. T: You did a very good job. They are all sentences with adverbial clause of time and the conjunctions are when or while. We’ll talk about them this class in order that you can use them correctly. Step II Grammar 1 Task 1 First give the Ss several minutes to read the two sentences in Activity 1 on Page 44. Let them find out the answers individually. And then collect the answers. T: Now turn to Page 44, read the first two sentences and answer the questions below. I’ll give you three minutes. Three minutes later. T: Time’s up. Who would like to answer the first question: Why are the tense different? S1: Let me try. The first verb can last while the second verb cannot. I think that’s because the second action happened during the first action was happening. T: Yes. You are quite right. Exactly speaking, the first verb was continuing all the time and was interrupted by actions of short duration that are in the past simple. Who can give an example? S2: While we were watching TV, the doorbell rang. T: You have got the idea. Now the second question: Is one action longer than the other? S3: The action in the clause is longer than the other. T: Yes. That’s right. How about the third question: Did one action take place after the other? S4: No. When the second action took place, the first action didn’t finish. T: Very good. They took place at the same time, although the second action started after the first one. Please make one more sentence, following the examples we talked about. S5: When we were having the P.E. class, he broke his leg. S6: While she was reading, Granny fell asleep. T: OK, now let’s come to another two sentences. This time you’re to choose the correct answers. Two minutes for you. There may be more than one answer. Two minutes later. T: I’d like to ask two of you to present the correct answers. And give a similar example. S7: I think Answers a and c are correct about the first sentence. For example, when I came home, I turned on the radio. T: Yes. That’s right. How about the second sentence? S8: About the second sentence, Answers b and c are correct. For example, When he came to see me, I was going out. T: Great! Now, let’s draw a conclusion from what we have talked about. Show the following on the screen. when conj. 1) during the time that ... 在……之际，当……时候 e.g. When he was doing his English exercises, he fell asleep. 2) at the time that ... 当……时 e. g. It was raining when we arrived. 2. while conj. during the time that ... e.g. While he was in London, he studied music. 3. as soon as; no sooner ... than ...; hardly ... when ...; scarcely ... when ...; immediately; directly; instantly; the moment; the minute; the instant 都可以引导表示“一……就……” 或“刚一……就……”的时间状语从句。 e.g. They had hardly arrived home, when it rained cats and dogs. T: You must learn to use them freely in your writing and speaking, because “Practice makes perfect.” Task 2 Deal with Exercises 1-3 in WORKBOOK on Page 91 to practice adverbial clause of time. Step III Grammar 2 Task 1 T: OK, that’s all for adverbial clause of time and we will come to another kind of clause — Adverbial clause of reason. Please turn to Page 46. First read the examples in Activity 1 and then try to find out the answers individually. Two minutes for you. Two minutes later. T: Time is up. Who’d like to answer the questions? S1: I think the words “as / since” both can be replaced by the word “because”. S2: The words “as / since” sound less formal than the word “because”. As we all know, “because” can be used to answer the questions which begin with “why”. T: What you said is quite right. How about the third question? Ss: He was saying something that people knew. For example, since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting. Since you will go abroad, so will I. T: You have done a very good job. Now, let’s complete the sentences in Activity 2. You are to complete them individually and then exchange the answers with your partners. Task 2 Practice T: Let’s do some exercises about adverbial clause of reason. Turn to Page 92, Exercise 4. Please try to complete the sentences using the given words and pay attention to the correct punctuation. Two minutes for you to prepare and then you are to do it orally. Step IV Homework T: Today we have learned adverbial clauses of time and reason. So after class, please sum up what you have learned. 1. You are to make two sentences with adverbial clause of time and two sentences with adverbial clause of reason. 2. Try to get as much information about English newspapers as possible.
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