高一英语语法（名词性从句）
一、概述
在句子中起名词作用的从句称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句的引导词
1、连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever等
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how
3、从属连词: that, whether, if, as if, because (as if, because 只引导表语从句)
连接代词和连接副词在句中不再是疑问词，因而从句中用陈述语序。
三、主语从句
1、主语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that,whether引导。
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.
____________________________________________(约翰是否会做这个实验)remains a question.
Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.
_____________________________(使我大为惊讶的)was that such a little girl can play the violin so well.
_________________________________(她是否会告诉我真相)is not known yet.
______________________________________________(她如何设法在这么短的时间内完成这篇作文) is still a mystery.
2、当主语过长时，常常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句放在主句后面。常用句型有：
It +be +形容词（true, possible, certain, likely, surprising, strange, important…）+ that从句
It’s certain that she will do well in the exam.
It’s likely that he will tell me everything about that night.
It’s strange that he should speak to his mother in such a way.
It +be +名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a pity, high time等）+that 从句
It’s a pity that he can’t come.
It’s high time that you turned in your homework.
It +be +过去分词（said, reported, expected, supposed等）+that 从句
It’s said that he is quite self-confident.
It’s reported that a letter from the university has reached him.
It +seem/ happen/look as if等+that从句 t
It seems that Alice is not coming.
It happened that I was a witness to the accident.
It +doesn’t matter(make no difference)+wh-
It doesn’t matter whether you know my name or not.
It makes no difference to me where we shall have the meeting.
四、表语从句
表语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, as if, because引导
The impression he makes on me is________________________(他是个可靠的人。)
The question is ______________________(我们是否能信任他)
That’s ____________________________(正是我们所担心的)
That is____________________(他出生的地方)
The reason____________________(她这么成功) is_____________________（她既聪明又勤奋）
My anger is because he often tell lies.
五、宾语从句
1）、宾语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, if引导。可做及物动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语或形容词(happy, sure, afraid)的宾语。
We all know ______________________________________(中国在08年奥运会上获的金牌最多)
It all depends on ________________________________________(他们是否会支持我们)
I want to know ___________________________（有多少人参加了这次比赛）
I am afraid_______________________(他们队会赢得这场比赛)
2）、在make, find, see, consider等后+it作形式宾语，如：
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
3）、that从句可作except，but，in介词的宾语
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.
He differs from his classmates in that he devotes his spare time to reading.
4）、其他一些词后常要用it先行一步再接宾语从句：
depend on it that…
see to it that…
appreciate it that…
hate/like/dislike it when…
You can depend on it that they will support you.
I hate it when people speak with their mouths full of food.
Please see to it that the door are locked.
5）、doubt一词肯定句中用whether/if引导宾语从句，在疑问句和否定句中只能用that引导
I doubt whether really understand me.
I don’t doubt that he will come on time.
Do you doubt that he will come on time?
六、同位语从句
同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。这些名词有：fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, suggestion等。
There is no doubt_____________________________(汽车的价格会下降)
The problem_____________________________(我们是否应该继续这个实验)has been solved.
The question ____________________________(谁该获这个奖)requires consideration.
I have no idea________________________________(我应该选哪一个)
七、注意点
同位语从句和定于从句的区别：
①同位语从句是队前面的名词补充说明；定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰限定作用。
②同位语从句中的that只起连接作用，不担任句子成分，不可以省略；定语从句中的that除了起引导作用外还在定于从句中担任主语或宾语或表语，任宾语时可以省略。区别：
The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy snow is coming.
The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.
whether和if的区别
在宾语从句中可互换，但当宾语从句是否定时只用if
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my homework.
②在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether
③当与or not 联用时只能用whether
④在动词不定式前面只能用whether
They haven’t decided whether to go.
⑤在介词后只能用whether
It depends on whether we have enough time.
特殊动词及其名词用于名词性从句中时要虚拟（should do）
insist; order, command; suggest, advise, recommend; demand, require, request, ask这些词及其名词出现在名词性从句中时一定要虚拟。
We suggested that we should have a meeting.
What he insisted is that he should go with us.
The doctor’s order is that she should stay in bed for a few days.
that不能省的情况
that 引导主语从句表语从句同位语从句不能省。
由and 连接两个宾语从句时，第二个that不可再省。
wh-ever和no matter wh-的用法区别
名词性从句中只能用wh-ever; 状语从句中两者可以互换使用。
Whatever you do is satisfying.
Whatever you do, I will not forgive you.
what
在名词性从句中如果缺少主语、宾语或表语，常常填入what. what= all that
【点此下载】