Periods 2-3 Reading
教学设计一
整体设计
教材分析
This reading part provides three emails between two friends relating to the problem of being overweight and the experiences of losing weight. In the first email the young girl Amy relates to Zhou Lin the problem she has encountered—she is dying to be thin and how she loses weight. In the second email, Amy describes that she has had some harmful weight-loss pills, which causes her liver to fail. After the proper treatment, the girl dreaming of looking slim finally understands the relationship between beauty and health. In the third email which is from Zhou Lin to Amy, Zhou Lin expresses her worries about Amy and her own her ideas on how to keep a balance between looking good and feeling good. In a word, the topic is what students are concerned about and interested in. As a result, this topic will without any doubt arouse the students’ passion in the reading. At the same time, students can think about how to live a healthy life. By learning this unit, the teacher can also help the students to develop some good habits, which will have a good effect on their later life.
While reading the passage, some reading strategies should be introduced to the students-understanding sentences with “however” or “but”. When the students come across “however” and “but” while reading, they are supposed to guess the meaning of the following sentence which has something different to what has just been expressed. In this sense, these two words have a very important role in the understanding of the passage.
Meanwhile, various in-class activities should be well organized so that the students can take part in. In this way, the students are supposed to develop their abilities both in reading and in listening and speaking as well. Also, tables are used to help the students to find useful information in the text. More pair work and group work activities are designed for students to learn to cooperate with one another in the group. Besides, exercises in different forms are designed to help the students consolidate the usage of new words and phrases as well as language points.
三维目标
1. Train the students’ reading ability, introducing the important role of the two conjunctions however and but in reading by means of quoting the examples of these two conjunctions in the text.
2. Encourage the students to learn to discuss the different ways of losing weight and having a slim figure.
3. Learn some useful words and expressions
ashamed, weight-loss, priceless, recover from liver failure, contain, harmful, chemical, operation, exact, match, follow one’s advice, damage one’s health, attractive, embarrassed, pressure, overweight, go on diets, in secret, properly
4. Learn some important sentence structures
1)be worth doing, be embarrassed about, donate something to somebody
2)It is not until that
重点难点
1. Help the students to learn about the relationship between appearance and health and search for as many healthy ways as possible to lose weight and keep a slim figure.
2. Help the students to learn to use some of the new words and expressions.
3. Help the students to learn to make a booklet about how to keep feeling good and looking good at the same time.
教学方法
1. Pair work and group discussion.
2. Task-based in class activities.
3. Explanations of some language points.
教具准备
A tape recorder and the multimedia
课前准备
1. Ask the students to prepare for a free talk for about two or three minutes. They can discuss the important effects of appearance on one’s confidence or say something about the different ways of losing weight, or even make a plan to lead a healthy life. This will help the students to get involved in the in-class activities and help them to keep a strong body and good figure. Considering some students may feel difficulty in doing such a group discussion, the teacher can help them to search for enough information and get well prepared before class.
2. Encourage the students to go to the library or resort to the Internet to get some examples about how famous people keep figure, which might succeed or fail. They can also be divided into several groups to share the information they have found and try to figure their own way to keep a strong body and a slim figure.
3. Ask the students to read the three emails Dying to be thin on page 42 to 43, as well as reading strategy on page 43. If time permits, ask them to finish exercises C1, C2 and D1, D2 on page 43 to make preparations for a better understanding of the text.
教学过程
→Step 1 Revision and Lead-in
Check the homework
At the end of the previous class, the students are asked to find out the causes of the appearance of an increase number of overweight children in China today as well as the effect that fatness has on life and problems that fat people may encounter. At the beginning of this class, encourage the students to speak out their discoveries in front of the whole class to make a presentation. After one student finishes his or her free-talk, other students or the teacher can ask him or her some questions.
For the teacher, it is necessary to point out the fact that the real wealthy people in foreign countries usually eat good food instead of “much food”. On the contrary, poor people tend to eat more. In this sense, overeating is obviously not a sign of being rich. Also, it has been proved that those successful and wealthy people attach much importance to taking exercise after work, which is believed to have a significant effect on their life and career.
(If the multimedia is available, this design is recommended. )
Show part of the video about the movie with Lious Liu and Zhen as the leading role(瘦身男女), and ask the students to describe some of the scenes in the movie/some of the pictures about losing weight.
→Step 2 Reading skimming
Come to the reading material, which is made up of three letters written by two good friends who exchange their opinions about appearance and health after one of them has suffered after trying to lose weight in an unsafe way. Amy, a Canadian girl, gives a vivid description of losing weight and the following bad effects. Ask the students to read the text quickly and answer the three questions in Part A.
Check the answers:
1. Canada
2. Weight-loss pills called Fat-less
3. The weight-loss pills
After the students finish it, the teacher can ask students their ways of doing fast reading. In other words, how to get the answers in such a short time?
The teacher should help the students to review the reading strategies of skimming and scanning in the process of looking for the useful information in a quickest way. The students have learned these two reading strategies at the very beginning of the semester and they have been practicing them in the reading training in and after class. Therefore, they are supposed to be very familiar with the two strategies and able to use them freely in the reading practice.
At the same time, focus the students’ attention on the Reading Strategy in this unit. Try to make the students understand and distinguish the differences between “however” and “but”.
1)Read through the Reading Strategy together with the students, asking them: What can you expect in the following sentences or passage whenever you see the two words in an article?
2)Ask the students to underline all the sentences which have the word “but” and “however” in the text.
Brainstorming
Before asking the students to do careful reading of this reading passage, divide the whole class into small groups with four students in a group. And then ask them to have brainstorming.
Question:
Suppose one of your friends is addicted to losing weight and have tried many ways, which, however, are of little use. Do you think you can manage to help him or her out of the trouble and stay a healthy life?
This design, which has been introduced in Unit 1, is used to help the students to get familiar with how to predict what to read in this passage, to learn how to select different materials, and to get the students more interested in reading the passage, to push the students to get involved in the class more actively and share their opinions with other students confidently. In this way, more students are given opportunities to speak in class. While the students are having a discussion, the teacher can go into the students, give them some inspiration, listen to their creative ideas and sometimes can even help them with some difficult expressions. In this way, the teacher and the students will be able to have an interactive communication.
List all the possible ways raised by the students on the blackboard. The teacher also can put forward some other ideas according to the text.
Possible answers:
To go on a diet.
To exercise in the gym.
To receive surgical treatment.
To take weight-loss pills with the help of the doctor.
Don’t eat junk food.
Try and eat a healthy diet.
Don’t go to bed too late.
Make sure you get sufficient sleep.
Get regular exercise.
Go to see the doctor if you are not feeling well.
Don’t spend too much time using computers or watching TV, as it is bad for your eyes and will cause you to put on weight.
Learn to accept and respect herself and her body and then aim for a realistic weight.
First make a change deep inside, a change that will affect your entire outlook on weight loss.
Learn to treat it with love and respect.
Listening for information
After the students give some suggested answers, ask them to listen to the tape of the text with their books closed, and then guess the meaning of the title of the passage “Dying to be thin”. Then after the listening, check the answers.
Possible answers:
1. The first meaning of the title is that Amy wanted to be thin very much.
2. The second meaning is that Amy was going to die because she had taken some weight-loss pills.
Scanning
Now it’s time for the students to scan the passage to get some detailed information quickly. Ask the students to have a group competition. Team work is very helpful in students’ learning English because students should be encouraged to use English in daily life. Competition will arouse students’ interest in taking part in the in-class activities. Tell the students that they will be divided into four groups, group 1, 2, 3, and 4, or they can be divided into 2 groups as Boys VS Girls. They are encouraged to find out the details about the things talked about in the text and answer the following questions. When anyone of them gets one of them, he or she will obtain 10 marks for his or her group. Ask them to remember to use the reading strategy-scanning.
Questions:
1. What is Amy’s job?
2. Why dose she try to lose weight?
3. Was Amy dying to be thin?
4. How does she try to lose weight?
5. What’s the result of taking the pills?
6. Did Amy regret taking weight-loss pills?
7. What did Li Dong do?
8. Who is Zhou Lin?
9. Was Zhou Ling sorry to hear about Amy’s problems?
10. What does Amy’s mother keep telling in the first e-mail?
11. Did the doctor tell Amy she would die without a new liver?
12. What did Amy do to recover from her disease?
13. Why did Zhou Ling fail to answer Amy’s e-mail in time?
14. Is Amy’s experience like that of some people in China?
Possible answers:
1. She is an actress.
2. Looking good is important to women and she is ashamed of her body.
3. Yes, she wants to be thin very much.
4. She tries to take weight-loss pills.
5. The harmful chemical that is contained in those weight-loss pills causes her liver to fail.
6. Yes, she regrets a lot.
7. He is a doctor.
8. She is Amy’s friend.
9. Yes, she felt worried to hear about Amy’s problem.
10. Amy’s mother keeps telling her not to take them because they are dangerous.
11. Yes, the doctor told her that she would die if she couldn’t get a new liver.
12. She followed her doctor’s advice and did exercise for at least half an hour every day.
13. Because Zhou Lin’s computer was broken.
14. Yes, in China, many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous.
Then the teacher can ask the students to fill in the blank of the chart according to the details of the text.
What Amy did
Reasons for losing weight
Results(successful/unsuccessful)
Amy’s emotions
↓
Happy
↓
Frustrated
↓
Hopeful
take fat-loss pills
prepare for a new role
beauty is important
be ashamed of her body
slimmer;
have lost 7 kg
feel tired and weak dying
be in hospital
Reasons for frustration
Reactions to illness
liver failure;
. . . liver donation
feel better
recovering
Reason for hope
Lessons Amy has learnt
do an liver donation operation
find an exact match for her
Li Dong’s donation of more than half of his liver to save her life
Don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.
Learn to be confident.
Mother’s words
Health is priceless.
Don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.
Now it’s time for the students to do more comprehensive exercises so that they can have a better understanding of the text. Ask the students to answer the following questions. Allow the students several minutes to finish them and then check the answers. Usually, such kinds of exercises are easy enough for the students to get the right answers.
1. Why doesn’t Amy take her mother’s advice though her Mum keeps telling her not to take those weight-loss pills?
2. In Amy’s second e-mail, why does she regret taking those weight-loss pills?
3. Why dose Amy really mean by saying “My mother is right”?
Suggested answers:
1. Because she has lost 7 kg and looks so slim at the moment.
2. Because the pills contain a harmful chemical that caused Amy’s liver to fail.
3. From Amy’s own experience, she does realize that nothing is more important than health and that we shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look.
Guessing the meanings of the phrases in the reading text.
Up till now, the new idea of the passage along with some details has been discussed. Now, it is time to come to understand the phrases in the passage.
Ask the students to replace the underlined words in each sentence with a phrase given and change the form if necessary.
be well worth be popular among be ashamed of work out be dying to do learn from follow one’s advice be OK with be going on a diet recover from
1. Nowadays online shopping is widely enjoyed by young people.
2. If you want to lose weight, you have to train your body with physical exercise in a gym regularly.
3. It didn’t take him a long time to become completely well again after the attack of illness.
4. Mary is trying to lose weight by having less food, hoping that she can become thinner before Christmas.
5. If you do what I told you to do, there is no doubt that you will win the game.
6. Your parents have been looking for you for nearly an hour. They want to know where you have been very much.
7. You should feel embarrassed about yourself for telling so many lies to your parents.
8. All your friends have this or that advantage, so you should be modest and_____________ something_____________ others.
9. Harry Porter is wonderful, but I’m afraid that Star Wars_____________ seeing.
10. Your son is old enough to look after himself in school. Don’t worry about him. I’m sure everything will_____________ him.
Five minutes later, check the answers.
Answers:
1. is popular among 2. work out 3. recover from 4. is going on a diet 5. follow my advice 6. are dying to know 7. be ashamed of 8. learn from 9. is better worth seeing 10. be OK with
To see if the students have fully understood these new words, the teacher can design some exercises for the students to do. For example, the teacher can ask the students to fill in the blanks with the seven words.
Ask the students to fill in the blanks and then check the answers.
1. The boy is suffering a bad cold. It is likely that it will take him quite some time to_____________ from his illness.
2. The change in weather may_____________ your health.
3. You should be_____________ of yourself for telling such lies.
4. I decided to_____________ your advice and do whatever you want me to do.
5. You should take exercise to improve your_____________ .
6. The boss said that she had done a bad job. She was_____________ about his words on her work.
Check the answers:
1. recover 2. affect 3. ashamed 4. follow 5. figure 6. embarrassed
In-class activities
Various in-class activities are important in English learning. Until now, the text has been talked in detail. Most of the students have got familiar with the text. So more activities should be designed for the students to improve their ability to use English, to consolidate what they have learnt in the reading text.
Practice A (to discuss questions based on the text)
This activity is designed to encourage the students to reconstruct the information they have got in the passage and give a presentation in their own words.
Suppose you are Amy’s best friend. What advice or suggestions would you give to Amy?
(Show the question to be discussed on the screen)
Sample answers:
1. If I were Amy’s friend, I would be worried about Amy’s action to lose weight in unhealthy or even harmful way. I will advise her to give up losing weight by means of taking weight-loss pills. I will make it to her the serious results of taking pills and having operations. I will gave her some examples of those who have failed in losing weight in such ways.
2. I will convince her that the most effective way to lose weight is to have a balanced diet and take regular exercise and have enough sleep. Only when she develops such a healthy life style can she look good and feel good in the long term. Some girls who have the same problem with her will go on a diet. It will get them to put on weight as soon as they go back to eat the normal food. Even worse, it definitely will not make them look good and feel good as well. They may even become ill because of going on a diet. Also, I will tell her that if she chooses to control weight by doing exercise, she have to keep on doing it. There is no doubt that once she stops taking exercise, her weight will go up again very quickly. She may become even fatter than before. In a word, no matter which way you prefer to lose weight, you have to keep going on with it. In some sense, it is more difficult to keep figure than to lose weight.
Practice B (share the students’ opinions)
Suppose one of your friends is addicted to losing weight and can’t stop, do you think you could manage to persuade him or her to give up and be healthy?
Sample answer:
If one of my friends is trying all kinds of means to lose weight and may not choose the right way, it is very likely that she will fail to lose weight. I will try to make her learn to accept and respect herself and her body and then set a realistic aim for her weight. As soon as she makes a deep change inside, a change that affects her entire outlook on weight loss, she will really lose weight.
Teaching and learning design of some new words and expressions.
Part A words and phrases
1. be dying to do something/dying for something 渴望非常需要某物
1)不及物动词 vi. 消逝; 结束
2)及物动词 vt. 死
3)相关的短语:
die away逐渐停止, 逐渐消失
die down逐渐减弱, 逐渐模糊
die off相继死去
die out逐渐消失; 灭绝
die of 因（患）……而死 He died of cancer.
die from 由于……而死, 因……致死 He died from a wound.
2. work
1)n. 劳动; 操作; 作业; 工作; 职业; 功课; 著作; 作品
2)(pl.) (机器的)活动部; 工厂 a gas works煤气厂
3)v. 起作用; 操作: The measures didn’t work. 措施没有奏效。
4)related phrases:
work out 算出(总数)运动; 带来好结果; 有预期的结果
at work忙于劳动; 在工作
out of work没有工作的; 未被雇用的
It won’t work. ［口］那不行, 那不起作用。
work at从事, 致力于, 钻研
3. stay
1)vi. 停留
2)link-v.持续不变; 保持
3)辨析: remain/stay/leave 三者都指“继续停留”或“继续保持某种状态、关系或行动”。
remain 常可与stay 互换, 但它强调“继续停留于一处或保持原状态、情况性质而不改变”, 如: This place remains cool all summer. 这个地方整个夏天都凉爽。
stay强调“某人（物）继续留在原地而不离开”, 如:
He stayed to see the end of the game. 他一直待到比赛结束。
leave 主要指把某物留在某处或留给某人。
4. try
1)n［C］ 尝试; 努力
2)vt. 试图; 努力［+to-v.］ The two sides are still trying to reach an agreement.
双方仍尽力达成协议。
尝试, 试行［+v. -ing］ If the car don’t start, try pushing it.
如果汽车不动，尝试推一推。
试验, 试用［(+out)］/［+v. -ing］;
The idea sounds fine, but we need to try it out in practice.
这个主意听起来不错，但我们需要在实践中验证它。
5. weight (n. )1)重量, 体重 2)砝码 3)负担 4)重要性
1)gain weight=put on weight 增加体重
2)lose weight 减少体重
3)by weight 按照重量
4)in weight 重量是……
6. shame
1)n.羞愧, 耻辱; 可耻的人(或事物)
2)v.使羞愧, 玷辱
3)be ashamed of以为……是耻辱
4)feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧
The parents felt ashamed for their son.
父母为自己的儿子感到羞愧。
5)be ashamed to do sth. 以干……为耻
Students should be ashamed to cheat in the exams.
学生应该以考试中作弊为耻。
7. regret
It is to be regretted that. . . 使人遗憾的是……; 真可惜……
I regret spending so much money on a car.
我后悔花这么多钱在一辆车上。
8. fail
1)vi. 失败；不及格；失灵
2)vt. 未能; 使失望; 未通过(考试等)
3)failure n. 失败
4)fail to do没有(做某事); 疏忽; 忘记(做某事)
He failed to come. 他未能来。
9. worth
1)adj. 值……的; 价值……的
How much is the picture worth?
这幅画值多少钱？
2)adj. 值得……的, 一般用于be (well) worth (doing)结构。
The book is worth reading.
这本书值得一读。
3)n. 价值, 财产
Show one’s true worth.
显露出真正价值。
注: 1)worth其后常接名词(代词), 动名词和what从句, 但不能接动词不定式。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
此句中的reading 是主动形式表达被动意义, 这种结构中的动名词不可用被动形式。
2)worthy 其后不能直接接名词或动名词充当宾语, 而必须加上of, 且其后可直接接动词不定式或动名词, 如果和句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 则不定式或动名词应用被动形式。
即:
3)worthwhile 常用于It’s worthwhile doing/to do. 值得做某事
10. amazed adj. 大吃一惊的, 大为惊异的, 深为惊愕的 ［对……］大为惊讶的, 感到惊骇的［at］
amazing adj. 令人惊异的
amaze n. 惊愕
I was amazed at the news.
我听到这个消息大为惊讶。
Part B important sentence patterns
1. I used to go to the gym three times a week, but I don’t work out any more.
以前每周我去健身馆三次，但现在我不再锻炼了。
1)辨析: used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be/get used to sth. /doing sth. 习惯做某事
use sth. to do sth. /be used to do sth. (被)用来做某事
It used to be thought that the Earth was flat, but now everyone knows it is round.
过去人们常常认为地球是平的，但现在每个人都知道它是圆球形的。
I never got used to going to bed so late.
我以前从不习惯太晚睡觉。
Computers are used to do a lot of work in many companies.
很多公司里都用计算机做一些工作。
2）work out 锻炼身体; 算出
Many famous actors keep fit by working out in the gym every day.
很多有名的演员靠每天在健身馆里锻炼来保持健康。
2. I’m trying to lose weight because I’m so ashamed of my body.
我在努力减肥因为我的体型使我难为情。
be ashamed of sb. /sth. /doing. . . /be ashamed to do. . . /be ashamed that. . .
I’m ashamed to ask for help. 我不好意思请人家帮忙。
He was rather ashamed of himself.
他十分自愧。
3. They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
他们包含有一种有害化学物质，它使我的肝脏受损。
辨析: contain与include
两者都有“包含, 包括”之意, 但意义和用法却不尽相同。
1）contain: have or hold sth. in itself, 表示“包含, 含有, 内装”。是指包含整体的全部, 侧重“整体内有”, 指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物, 不用于进行时态。如:
These valleys contain gold mines. 这些山谷中有金矿。
To keep fit, we should always avoid food containing too much fat.
为了保持健康, 我们应该避免含有太多脂肪的食物。
2）include: have sth. ／sb. as a part of a whole, 表示“包括”。侧重包含者只是整体中的一部分。如:
The list includes my name. 名单上有我的名字。
注意: 常用include的现在分词或过去分词来作解释说明, 意为“其中包括”。如:
The atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain.
这本地图册包括四十幅地图, 其中有三幅英国地图。
At least twenty people were killed, two children included.
至少有20人遇难, 其中有两名儿童。
The price includes the postage charges.
这个价格包括邮费。
cause sb. sth. /cause sb. to do sth.
My pet dog has caused me a lot of trouble.
我的宠物狗给我带来了许多麻烦。
What caused him to fall off his horse?
什么使他从马上掉下来了?
4. But I seldom go to the gym!
但是我很少去体育馆。
seldom“很少, 不经常”，表否定。除seldom之外, 表否定意义的词还有no，never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, little, few等。
这类词有两个特点。
1）它们放于句首时, 用倒装。
Little does he know about Rio.
他不大了解Rio.
In no time is the exam coming.
很快考试到了。
Hardly had he got home when he heard the telephone rang.
他一进家就听到电话铃响。
2）主句有否定词, 反意疑问句用肯定式。如: He knows little about Rio, does he?
5. I’m now in hospital recovering from liver failure.
我正在住院，接受肝脏功能衰退恢复治疗。
recover vt. & vi. 用作及物动词和不及物动词。
1）重新获得, 重新找到。如:
He recovered his lost pen. 他找回了遗失的钢笔。
2）恢复, 使 (身体) 复原。如:
recover one’s sight恢复视力
sit down to recover one’s breath坐下来喘口气
The patient has perfectly recovered from his illness. 病人已完全好了。
作不及物动词时也有痊愈、复原之意。如:
recover from the effects of the natural disasters 从自然灾害影响中恢复
I’m now in hospital recovering from the disease. 我正在医院康复。
［链接］ recovery n. 恢复; 痊愈 recoverable adj. 可重获的, 可恢复
6. My mother is right: don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.
妈妈是对的: 不要因追求苗条而魅力十足的身材去损害你的健康。
1）n. ［U］ 损害, 毁坏。如:
The storm did／caused great damage to the crops.
暴风雨对农作物造成了极大的伤害。
2）vt. 损害, 毁坏。如:
Tell the children not to damage the fruit trees.
告诉那些孩子不要破坏这些果树。
辨析: damage和destroy
1）相同点: 两者都可用作及动物动词。
2）不同点: damage可作不可数名词, 而destroy不能用作名词, 其名词形式为destruction。
在破坏的程度上, damage要小于destroy, damage可以指不同程度的损害、毁坏, 而destroy则一般指毁灭性的破坏。体会下列句子的差别:
The strong sandstorm damaged most of the young trees.
那场强烈的沙尘暴损坏了大部分小树。
The hurricane destroyed the whole village. 飓风把整个村子都毁坏了。
7. Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, haven’t they?
每个人都建议你不要节食, 是不是?
1）表建议或要求的内容的从句中用should加动词原形, should可省, 这类词除advise外, 还有suggest, propose, ask, order, demand, require, insist。如:
I advise that she (should) go there tomorrow. 我建议她应该明天去那儿。
2）advise doing sth. 或advise sb. to do sth. , 类似advise用法的还有allow, permit, forbid等词。如:
His father isn’t allowed to smoke. 他父亲被要求不能吸烟。
His father allowed smoking. 他父亲允许吸烟。
［链接］ advice n. 忠告, 建议 advisable可劝告的; 可取的; 适当的; 明智的
8. I’m amazed that in China someone’s liver matched yours!
在中国有人的肝脏与你的相符合, 我真惊讶。
match vi. & vt. 用作及物动词和不及物动词。
1)与……相配。如:
The curtains and the carpet match perfectly. 窗帘与地毯十分谐调。
To our surprise, his DNA should match that of Mr. Smith.
令我们惊讶的是, 他的DNA竟然和史密斯先生的相同。
2)与……较量, 匹敌。如:
Who can match him in English?
在英语方面谁能是他的对手?
9. Now he is considering taking some pills, which he thinks will make him become stronger.
他正在考虑服药，他觉得这样能使他更健壮。
（1）考虑
consider doing sth. (不可用to do) 如:
She was considering looking for a new job. 她正在考虑寻找一份新的工作。
（2）认为
consider sb. to have done sth.／to be+adj./n. (to be可省)／as+n.
Everyone looked down upon him because he was considered to have stolen Mary’s watch.
每个人都瞧不起他, 因为大家都认为他偷了Mary的手表。
［链接］ consideration n. 考虑, 照顾 considerate adj. 考虑周到的, 体贴的
considerable adj. 值得考虑的, 值得重视的
10. However, they have side effects, which will damage your health.
可是，它们有副作用，会损害你健康的。
1)n. 效果, 作用, 影响。如:
The sound effects of this radio is better.
这种收音机的音响效果更好。
His invention will have a great pushing effect on production.
他的发明将对生产起巨大的推动作用。
2)vt. 产生, 招致, 实现。如:
The heavy rain effected the change in temperature.
这场大雨引起了温度的变化。
3)have effects／an effect on 对……有影响
What effects do you think the changes in temperature will have on crops?
你认为温度的变化会对庄稼有什么影响?
［链接］ effective adj. 有效的。如:
They have taken effective measures to stop pollution. 他们已经采取了有效措施防止污染。affect vt. 影响, 打动。如:
She was deeply affected by the news of his death. 他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
11. This is really a touching story—a stranger who donated part of his liver to a girl he doesn’t even know!
这真是个感人的故事——一个人把自己的部分肝脏捐给了甚至连他都不认识的女孩。
The son and his parents are parting at the station with tears in their eyes. What a touching scene!
儿子和父母在车站分别，泪盈满眶。多么感人的一幕啊！
1)touch被称为使动词, 使动词有两组形容词, 类似的还有 excite, move, disappoint, interest, amaze, surprise
2)touching，exciting，moving，disappointing, interesting, amazing, surprising (arouse the feeling)
3)touched，excited，moved，disappointed, interested, amazed, surprised (be made to feel. . . )
The excited children were opening their Christmas presents. (excite)
She was deeply moved when she watched the moving film. (move)
→Step 3 Teaching and learning design of some new words and expressions
1. Translate the following phrases into English.
1)进行锻炼______________________
2)收到某人来信______________________
3)减肥______________________
4)因什么而害羞______________________
5)后悔做某事______________________
6)从……之中恢复______________________
7)听从某人的建议______________________
8)节食______________________
9)给某人做手术______________________
10)导致我的肾脏衰竭______________________
Suggested answers:
1)work out 2)hear from somebody 3)lose weight 4)be ashamed about 5)regret doing something 6)recover from something 7)follow one’s advice 8)go on a diet 9)do an operation on something 10)cause my liver to fail
2. Translate the following phrases into Chinese.
1)donate something to somebody______________________
2）damage your health______________________
3）come across______________________
4）an exact match for______________________
Suggested answers:
1)给某人捐赠某物 2)损害你的健康 3)偶然碰到 4)与某人完全匹配的东西
3. Translate the following sentences into English by using the words learnt in the reading.
1）这个讲座包括许多有趣的思想。(contain)
____________________________________________
2）他做的事情损害了两国的关系。(damage)
____________________________________________
3）这一事故把汽车损害得很严重。(damage)
____________________________________________
4）她还没完全从震惊中恢复过来。(recover)
____________________________________________
5）从那些无法自给的人那里拿钱是十分可耻的。
____________________________________________
Suggested answers:
1）The speech contained some interesting ideas.
2）What he did damaged the relationship between the two countries.
3）The accident did a lot of damage to the car.
4）She hasn’t completely recovered from the shock.
5）It is a shame to take money from those who can’t afford.
4. Complete the following sentences according to the Chinese.
1)输了比赛, 他羞于见自己的朋友。
He_____________ ______________ _____________ ____________ his friends as he had lost the game.
2)为了让别人听见, 我不得不大声讲。
I had to speak louder to_____________________ .
3)在中国文学的知识方面没有人能和他匹配。
_____________can_____________ him____________ _____________ ______________ Chinese literature.
4)《哈里波特》很受中国年轻人的喜爱。
Harry Potter____________ ______________ _____________ the Chinese young people.
5)15个人死于车祸, 其中包括6名儿童。
Fifteen people died from the accident,_____________ six children.
Fifteen people died from the accident, six children_____________ .
Suggested answers:
1)was ashamed to see 2)make myself heard 3)Nobody, match, in knowledge of
4)was popular among 5)including, included
→Step 4 Homework
1. Read the three emails again, and prepare for retelling the story in the next class.
2. Choose at least ten new words or phrases from the text to make sentences or write a short passage with all of them in it.
3. Preview Word power.
4. Do Parts A1 and A2 on page 86 in Workbook.
板书设计
Problems and solutions
Brainstorming
Reading strategy
Amy’s emotions
精彩片断
Brainstorming
T: Before we come to the details of this reading passage, let’s have a brainstorming. When we come to the title “Dying to be thin”, what do you expect to read in this passage?
Question:
Suppose one of your friends is addicted to losing weight and have tried many ways, which, however, are of little use. Do you think you can manage to help him or her out of the trouble and stay a healthy life?
This design, which has been introduced in Unit 1, is used to help the students to get familiar with how to predict what to read in this passage, to learn how to select different materials, and to get the students more interested in reading the passage, to push students to get involved in the class more actively and share their opinions with other students confidently. In this way, more students are given opportunities to speak in class. While students are having a discussion, the teacher can go into the students, give them some inspiration, listen to their creative ideas and sometimes can even help them with some difficult expressions. In this way, the teacher and the students will be able to have an interactive communication.
List all the possible ways raised by the students on the blackboard. The teacher also can put forward some other ideas according to the text.
S: Going on a diet
S: Exercising in the gym
S: Receiving surgical treatment
S: Taking weight-loss pills with the help of the doctor
S: Don’t eat junk food.
S: Try and eat a healthy diet.
S: Don’t go to bed too late.
S: Make sure you get sufficient sleep.
S: Get regular exercise.
S: Go to see the doctor if you are not feeling well.
S: Don’t spend too much time using computers or watching TV, as it is bad for your eyes and will cause you to put on weight.
S: Learn to accept and respect herself and her body and then aim for a realistic weight.
S: First make a change deep inside, a change that will affect your entire outlook on weight loss.
S: Learn to treat it with love and respect.
The purpose of designing this in-class activity is to allow all the students to have the opportunities to state their ideas and share others’ opinions. And some of their opinions are really wonderful. This kind of in-class activity will help to form a really good class atmosphere, in which both the teacher and the students will get closer, and they both will develop a friendly relationship and exchange different opinions.
教学设计二
教材分析
The reading material of the unit is made up of three letters written by two good friends who exchange their opinions about appearance and health after one of them has suffered after trying to lose weight in an unsafe way.
三维目标
1. Learn some important words and phrases.
gym, stay, slim, figure, weight, ashamed, since, weight-loss, exercise, work, priceless, recover, liver, failure, contain, harmful, chemical, operation, exact, match, follow, advice, seldom, damage, attractive, touching, stranger, embarrassed, pressure, actress, overweight, diet, work out, go on diets, cause sb. /sth. to do, liver failure, take pills, lose weight, any more, follow one’s advice, be embarrassed about, damage one’s health, be ashamed of
2. Learn some important sentence patterns.
1)Is everything OK with you?
2)Looking good is important to women, isn’t it?
3)I’m trying to lose weight because I’m so ashamed of. . .
4)We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look, should we?
3. Enable the students to talk about the relation between “looking good” and “feeling good”.
4. Talk about different opinions about beauty and health in western countries.
5. Help the students to understand the reading strategy.
重点难点
1. Understand the relation between appearance and health, and the importance of health.
2. Help students to know the importance of health and use the proper way to make one look good.
教学方法
Skimming, scanning, listening, careful reading, discussion
教具准备
A tape-recorder, and the multimedia
课前准备
1. Ask the students to prepare for some questions about healthy diets and healthy lives of teenagers before class. (They can ask their classmates or relatives these questions and discuss with them or if they’d like to find more information, visit the following website: http: //www. prevention. com/cda/cda2002/0, sl-999, 00. html)
1)Are there any safety warnings or assurances printed on bottles of weight-loss pills?
2)Has the producer marked clearly which ingredients are used in the pills?
3)Do you think young people should go to a doctor before buying weight-loss pills?
4)Are there any relatives of yours who are taking the weight-loss pills? Are these pills safe and effective?
5)Do you think pictures of film stars and models cause young people to worry about their looks? Why or why not?
6)What do you think is the best way to keep healthy (or to lose weight)? Why?
2. Encourage the students to go to the library or surf the Internet to get some information about keeping healthy, if possible. They can also be divided into several groups to get some information about different ideas of keeping healthy from different people.
3. Ask students to read the passage Dying to be thin. . . on pages 42 and 43, as well as reading strategy on page 43. If time permits, ask them to finish exercises C1, C2 on page 44.
教学过程
The reading material consists of three letters written by two good friends. In the first two letters, Amy told Zhou Ling about her current problems and difficulties and how she will deal with these problems. After she knew everything, Zhou Ling expressed her concerns and worries to Amy and gave Amy some of her own advice. Students are expected to not only identify and grasp the main topics of the letters but also learn to understand sentences with however and but.
→Step 1 Revision
Check the homework.
In the last period, the teacher asked the students to find some good ways to help the fat to have a good figure. First, ask the students whether they have thought out some good ideas.
→Step 2 Lead-in
Activity 1 Question
Ask students the following question:
Suppose you are a bit over-weight, how would you lose weight?
Answers: Eating less; doing exercise; change eating habits; take weight-loss pills; only eating vegetable and fruit, no rice and no meat. . .
Then the teacher gives the summary of what students say: More and more fat people have realized their weight problems and try their best to lose weight and keep figure.
They try many different ways to lose weight. But, sometimes, they are misled by some false ads. and magazines. They take some weight-loss products and do much more exercise than before, which is not good to their health but harmful to them.
(Give an example: One of my friends spent much money and bought a kind of weight-loss product to lose weight and make her look very attractive. However, the result didn’t appear as she expected and it was not long before she fell ill. After seeing the doctor, she knew that the pills she ate had side effect on her health. )
Activity 2 Discussion:
1. Some people are overweight, some are a little fat, and some are slim. Find why people are fat.
2. Discuss ways of losing weight.
1)going on a diet 2)exercising in the gym 3)receiving surgical treatment 4)taking weight-loss pills
3. Let the students discuss whether the weight-loss products are good or not.
Statement 1:
Statement 2:
→Step 3 Skimming
Let the students read the title of the passage “Dying to be thin. . . ” on pages 42 and then ask the question.
What does “Dying to be thin. . . ” mean in this passage?
A. Want to be thin. Or B. She is dying.
Let the students skim the passage on pages 42 and 43 and then answer some questions.
(Show the questions on the screen. )
General questions:
1. Are Amy and Zhou Ling from the same country? Then where does Amy come from?
2. What’s wrong with Amy?
3. What kind of pills did Amy take? Why did she take them?
4. What happened to Amy after she took these pills?
5. Are Amy cured now?
6. What can we learn from Amy?
Feedback activity: Five minutes later, after the students finish reading, the teacher may ask some of them to answer these questions and then check the answers with the whole class.
Sample answers:
1. No, they aren’t. Amy comes from Canada.
2. Amy fell ill.
3. Amy took weight-loss pills called Fat-Less. She took them because she thought looking good is more important to women and she was ashamed of her figure. Moreover, she was preparing to act in a new TV play.
4. She suffered liver failure.
5. Yes, she’s OK now.
6. We can learn that we don’t damage our health for a slim and attractive figure. It’s not worth it. We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look.
Ask the students to find out what the title of the article ‘Dying to be thin. . . ’ means.
They will know that ‘Dying to be thin. . . ’ here has two meanings.
The first is that Amy wants to be thin very much. The second is that Amy was going to die because she had taken some weight-loss pills.
→Step 4 Scanning
Ask the students to reread the three e-mails and focus on Parts C1 and C2. As to Part C1, teacher can remind students to pay attention to some of the detailed information.
In Part C2, students are informed of the fact that there is usually at least one main point you want to talk about in an e-mail or a short article. The students can be guided to find out subjects and main points in the three e-mails. The teacher can encourage the students to summarize each point briefly and clearly and then remember to conduct a feedback activity.
Sample answers: C1 1B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6C
C2
Subjects
Main points
1 Dying to be thin
In order to lose weight, Amy takes weight-loss pills and becomes slimmer and slimmer.
2 Recovering
Amy was recovering from liver failure thanks to Li Dong, who selflessly donated part of his liver to her.
3 Re: Recovering
Zhou Ling was sorry to hear about Amy’s problems and hoped that she as well as all the others who’d like to lose weight could value the importance of health.
→Step 5
Reading strategy
The teacher can divert students’ attention to the Reading strategy of the unit. Try to make students understand and distinguish the differences between ‘however’ and ‘but’.
First ask the students to underline all the sentences which have the word ‘but’ and ‘however’ in the text.
1. I used to go to the gym three times a week, but I don’t work out any more. (Lines 3-4)
2. However, sometimes I feel tired and weak. (Lines: 10-11)
3. She says health is priceless, and I agree, but then I look so slim at the moment. (Line 12-13)
4. I’m sorry to hear about your problems, but I’m glad you’re feeling better. (Lines 34-35)
5. However, your mother knows best. (Line 40)
The students may know a good rule to understand better: the feeling expressed before ‘however’ or ‘but’ and the feeling after them are usually opposite.
For example:
1. I’d love to come but I can’t make it till 8 o’clock.
2. You can phone the doctor if you like. However, I very much doubt whether you’ll get him to come here on a Friday night.
辨析: but 与however 虽然都作“但是”“然而”解, 但是, 它们的用法是不同的。
从语意上看, but所表示的是非常明显的对比, 转折意味较however为强。从语法上看, but是个并列连词, 而however却是个副词。从语序上看, but总是位于它所引出的分句之前, 而however总是位于分句之首, 之中或之尾, 但是译成汉语时一定要把它放在分句之首。从标点上看, but之后一般不使用逗号, 但however位于分句之首时, 通常用逗号, 位于分句之中时, 通常在其前后各加一个逗号, 位于分句之尾时, 则必须在其前加逗号。
→Step 6 Careful reading
Activity 1 Practice
After the students have got the main ideas and points of the three e-mails, teachers can design some other exercises to reinforce what the students have read.
Emotions of Amy
Reasons for losing weight
Results (successful/unsuccessful)
prepare for a new role
have lost 7 kg
beauty is important
feel tired and weak
be ashamed of her body
become slimmer
reasons for frustration
reactions to illness
liver failure
be in hospital
regret taking pills
realize the importance of health
reasons for hope
lessons Amy has learnt
find an exact match for her
Li Dong’s donation of more than half of his liver to save her life
don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure
learn to be confident
Zhou Ling’s reply to Amy:
be sorry to hear about her problems;
feel happy at her recovery;
a really touching story;
shouldn’t be embarrassed about our weight.
Ask students to pay attention to the usages of words and phrases in the three e-mails. Try to finish Part D1 and D2 on pages 44 and 45, which are designed closely to match the meanings and usage of some key words in the e-mails. You can either ask them to finish all of them individually or with their partners and finally remember to check all the answers in class.
Sample answers:
D1 1. the weight-loss pills
2. a harmful chemical
3. liver failure, the operation and being in hospital
4. your liver
5. a stranger
6. many people in China who are going on diets or taking weight-loss pills
D2 1 c 2a 3d 4b 5f 6e
Activity 2
Teaching and learning design of some new words and expressions
To learn the new words and expressions, we have different ways. This time we can adopt the Teaching and Learning Design way, that is to say, we can design the new words and expressions in the form of exercises on students’ book, then ask the students to work in pairs make sentences using the words and phrases by themselves. After that, the teacher will ask the students and then give their explanations by themselves first, then the teacher may correct some of them to the students.
Part A Ask the students to make sentences by using these words in Part D2.
For example:
1. I used to work out every day.
2. She is very satisfied with her figure.
3. As we know, health is priceless.
4. My grandma has recovered from an operation.
5. The scenery of the West Lake is so attractive that many tourists are attracted to go there.
6. Are you embarrassed about your being late?
Explanations:
1. 区别: priceless adj. 1)无价的, 极贵重的 a priceless treasure无价之宝
a perfectly priceless evening 一个十分难得的(极愉快的)夜晚
worthless adj. 无价值的, 无益的, 不值钱的
2. attractive adj. 有吸引力的
attract v. 具有吸引力; 引人注意
Her beauty attracted him.
他被她的美貌所吸引。
Attracted by the beautiful scenery of the West Lake, he can’t help going to Hangzhou.
为西湖美景所吸引，他禁不住去了杭州。
3. embarrassed adj. 尴尬的
be ～ about 因为什么感到尴尬
embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的
词组短语
Part B Underline some important phrases in the three letters and the exercises on pages 44 and 45.
1. be dying to do. . . /for. . . 渴望(做)获得……
2. hear(. . . ) from 收到……来信; 从(……)得知……
3. be okay with sb. 某人……很好
4. used to do. . . 过去常……(现在已不做……)
5. work out 锻炼, 计算, 制定, 解决
6. lose weight 减肥; put on weight 增加体重
7. be ashamed of 对……感到羞愧
8. be popular with/among. . . 受……欢迎
9. don’t need to do 不必……
10. in the last two months 在过去的两个月中(用现在完成时)
11. keep doing. . . 一直/继续做
keep. . . doing. . . 保持(做)……状态
12. recover from. . . 从……恢复
13. liver failure 肝衰竭
14. regret doing. . . 后悔做了……
15. a harmful chemical 一种有害化学物质
16. cause sth. to do. . . 导致……产生
17. follow one’s advice 接受……建议
18. be (well) worth (doing) sth. 值得……
19. be amazed to do. . . /at sth. /that. . . 因……感惊讶
20. go on diet 进行节食
21. learn from. . . 从……得知, 向……学习
22. come across. . . 偶遇……
23. be different to/from/than. . . 不同于……
24. be worried about. . . 担心……
25. now that 既然
26. stay slim 保持苗条
27. an exact match 一个相当匹配的事物
28. cause my liver to fail 导致肝脏衰竭
29. damage one’s health 损害健康
30. a touching story 一个感人的故事
31. be embarrassed about 对……感到尴尬
32. take weight-loss pills 服用减肥药
33. in secret=secretly秘密地
→Step 7
Post-reading activities
Activity 1 Discussion/making a dialogue/debate
1. Suppose you are Amy’s best friend and are asked to write back to her after hearing about her problems. What advice or suggestions would you give to Amy?
Ask students to finish writing a reply letter in class and then collect some good suggestions that are mentioned in their letters.
2. Do you think pictures of film stars and models cause young people to worry about their looks? Why or why not?
3. What do you think is the best way to keep healthy? Why?
or we can choose this design
1. Discuss the questions on page 45 with the partner, and make up a dialogue.
2. Show students some useful expressions:
That’s exactly what I was thinking.
That’s a good point.
That’s worth thinking about.
Well, it depends.
I’m afraid I don’t agree.
Why. . . ?
As a result of. . .
It will cause. . .
If, . . . then. . .
It will lead to. . .
In my opinion, we should. . .
I don’t think it is necessary to
If I were you, . . .
As far as I can see the best thing would be to. . .
Wouldn’t it be better if. . . ?
or we can also choose this design
If possible, the teacher can organize a debate discussion which is more important, feeling good or looking good.
Activity 2 Spelling of the new words
1. That man was badly hurt in the traffic accident, so he needed an o right away.
2. Audrey Hepburn, who played a part in Roman Holiday, was one of the best known a .
3. P means very valuable or important.
4. If you want to be a top model, it’s not enough for you to have a fine f .
5. Her story was so t that everyone present was moved to tears.
6. Can you tell me the_____________ (确切) time for the meeting?
7. She is wearing a brown dress with hat and gloves to_____________ (相配).
8. He always works best under_____________ (压力).
9. The headmaster_____________ (很少) goes to bed before 11: 30 p. m.
10. Both sides at war are forbidden to use_____________ (化学的) weapons against each other.
Suggested answers: 1. operation 2. actresses 3. Priceless 4. figure 5. touching 6. exact 7. match 8. pressure 9. seldom 10. chemical
Translation
1. 尽管她体形很好, 但她仍然想减肥。(figure; weight)
2. 据说新校车运行状况不太好。(work)
3. 他们对自己考试没通过而感羞愧。(ashamed)
4. 那个国家已从战争的影响中恢复过来了吗? (recover; effect)
5. 他渴望在他有生之年有机会去看看大海。(dying)
Suggested answers:
1. Though she has a nice figure, she still wants to lose weight.
2. It is said that the new school bus doesn’t work well.
3. They are ashamed of their failure in passing the exam.
4. Has the country recovered from the effects of the war yet?
5. He is dying to have a chance to see the sea before he dies.
Proverbs
If possible, introduce some opinions about beauty and health in western countries.
Acceptance, Respect and Love
Inner Change Equals Outer Change
Make Friends with Your Scale
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
→Step 8 Homework
1. Remember the phrases underlined just now.
2. Finish the exercises on page 105.
板书设计
revision
lead-in
1.
2.
skimming
scanning
reading strategy
but
however
careful reading
post-reading
practice
1.
2.
3.
精彩片断
T: Now, I have three questions for you to think over and answer, you may choose one to discuss. and 4 minutes later, give me your opinion. OK?
1. Suppose you are Amy’s best friend and are asked to write back to her after hearing about her problems. What advice or suggestions would you give to Amy?
2. Do you think pictures of film stars and models cause young people to worry about their looks? Why or why not?
3. What do you think is the best way to keep healthy? Why?
Students are very active to prepare for one of the three questions they choose in pairs. The second question, they have a fierce discussion.
习题详解
C1 on page 44
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C
C2 on page 44
Subjects
Main points
1 Dying to be thin
In order to lose weight, Amy takes weight-loss pills and becomes slimmer and slimmer.
2 Recovering
Amy was recovering from liver failure thanks to Li Dong, who selflessly donated part of his liver to her.
3 Re: Recovering
Zhou Ling was sorry to hear about Amy’s problems and hoped that she as well as all the others who’d like to lose weight could value the importance of health.
D2 on page 45
1 c 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. f 6. e
(For this part, the teacher can ask the students to make some sentences or do some exercises so that they can become more familiar with the usage of the words. )
E on page 45
1. damage 2. two 3. failure 4. liver 5. actress 6. figure 7. pills 8. priceless
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