Part 1 Teaching Design
第一部分 教学设计
Period 1 A sample lesson plan for reading
(WHO AM I?)
Introduction
In this period, after the warming up, students will first be guided to understand how computer works. Then they will be helped to read a narration about computer and its development. Three examples of “Warming up” designs are presented for the teachers’ reference. Computer and overhead projector may be used to aid the teaching and learning.
Objectives
To help students learn to make decisions and to reason in English
To help students learn to read an introduction about computer
To help students better understand “the computer science”
To help students learn to use some important words and expressions
To help students identify examples of “the present perfect passive voice” in the text
Focus
Words
solve, explore, arise
Expressions
from…on, as a result, in a way, with the help of, deal with, watch over
Patterns
Over time I have been changed quite a lot.
As a result I have totally changed my shape.
I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!.
Aids
Multimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams
Procedures
1. Warming up
⑴ Warming up by talking about computer
Look at the pictures on page 17. What are they? What do they have in common? Yes, they are computers. Then what is a computer?
A computer is a machine which keeps knowledge in its memory and does work on that knowledge. This knowledge is kept in symbols; it is called data. A computer usually has a monitor to show results. However, some computers can speak; these computers can be used for voice mail.
⑵ Warming up by learning some computer jargons
Jargons are terms used by some special people. These are some of the computer jargons.
Computer jargon 计算机行话
CPU - Another name for processor, Data - Information stored on a computer, Disk - A place to store data, Email - Electronic mail, Load - Get data from a disk, Save - Put data on a disk, RAM - Memory, the more the better, USB - A method to plug computer tools into machine, WWW - World Wide Web, part of the Internet
⑶ Warming up by getting to know what a computer virus is.
Computer viruses (病毒)are small software programs that are planned to spread from one computer to another and to do harm to computer operation.
A virus might harm or wipe out data on your computer, using your e-mail program to spread itself to other computers.
Viruses are most easily spread by e-mail messages. That is why it is important that you never open e-mail unless you know who it's from and you are expecting it.
Viruses can be made to look like funny images, greeting cards, or audio and video files.
Viruses also spread through downloads on the Internet. They can be hidden in software or other files or programs you might download.
To help avoid viruses, it's essential that you have the latest updates and antivirus tools, stay informed about recent threats, and that you follow a few basic rules when you surf the Internet, download files, and open attachments.
2. Pre-reading by talking about how computer works
How does a computer work?
A computer has four main parts: the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O). These parts are interconnected by groups of wires.
The control unit, ALU, registers, and basic I/O (and often other hardware closely linked with these) are collectively known as a central processing unit (CPU). Early CPUs were comprised of many separate components but since the mid-1970s CPUs have typically been constructed on a single integrated circuit called a microprocessor.
3. Listening and reading to the recording of the text WHO AM I?
Turn to page 18 and listen and read to the recording of the text. Pay attention to the pauses, pronunciation and intonation of the native reader.
4. Reading aloud and underlining expressions
Now we are to read the text once again and underline the expressions in the text. Jot them down into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from WHO AM I?
be built as…, follow instructions from…, sound simple, at the time, a technological revolution, solve problems, become huge, had artificial intelligence, go by, change size, become small and thin, get quick, stand there by oneself, be connected by…, share information by…, deal with…, communicate with…, serve the human race
5. Reading and transferring
Scan the text for information to complete the flow chart below, describing the development of computer.
a calculating machine in 1642 in France → an Analytical Machine in 1822 → a “universal machine” in 1936 → the size of a large room → made smaller and smaller → getting new transistors in 1960s→ clever and quicker → a network in the early 1960s → talking to humans using BASIC in the early 1960s → brought into people’s homes in 1970s → Internet
6. Reading to get the general idea of the
Type of writing and summary of WHO AM I?
Type of writing
This is a piece of narrative writing.
Main idea of the passage
It tells about the birth and development of computer.
Topic sentence of 1st paragraph
I began as a calculating machine in 1642 in France.
Topic sentence of 2nd paragraph
Since the 1970s, my memory improved.
Topic sentence of 3rd paragraph
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.
7. Retelling the text
Try to retell the text in your own words with the help of the flow chart or “the Type of writing and summary of WHO AM I?” above.
A retold version of the text WHO AM I?
I, the computer, was a calculating machine in 1642 in France. Then I was built as an Analytical Machine in 1822. I became a “universal machine” in 1936, the size of a large room. After that I was made smaller and smaller. Getting new transistors in 1960s I became clever and quicker. I was connected with other computers and turned out to part of a network in the early 1960s. Then I began talking to humans using BASIC in the early 1960s. In 1970s I was brought into people’s homes, and came the Internet.
8. Closing down by doing a quiz
Fill in the blank with one word to complete the summary of the text.
In order to understand how a computer really 1 _____ , we first have to examine what it really means for a system or device to be "digital". All being digital 2 _____ is that a system stores and operates on information in a very specific 3 _____. In a digital system, every piece of information is stored in a bit (or multiple collections of bits). A bit is a variable 4 _____ can have only one of two values: it can either be a 1, or be a 0. The easiest 5 _____ to think of a bit is as a container - this container is either completely 6 _____ or completely empty, but never anything in between. A full container can be thought of as a 1, 7 _____ empty container as a 0.
The beauty of this is that any piece 8 _____ information can be represented as a collection of bits. The way this is done is by making each bit the 9 _____ to a yes or no question. For example, lets say I wanted to know whether a person has long hair 10 _____ not. I could represent this piece of information by deciding that if the 11 _____ has long hair, I will set a certain bit to be a 1. If the person doesn't have long hair, I will 12 _____ that same bit to be a 0. As long as you followed the same convention, you could look at the 13 _____ bit that I just set and know whether the person has long hair or not, even if you had 14 _____ seen them before.
(Keys: 1 works 2 means 3 way 4 that 5 way 6 full 7 an 8 of 9 answer 10 or 11 person 12 set 13same 14 never)
Work out the word and structure questions.
1. As the days _____ gone by, I have been made angrier and angrier.
A: had B: have C: has D: having
2. There were weeks _____ she liked to go back into her history.
A: that B: where C: when D: how
3. I hope I could share views _____ others.
A: to B: with C: among D: for
4. Computer is an electronic machine for storing and _____ information, and for communicating with others.
A: dealing B: ordering C: searching D: organizing
(Keys: 1 B 2C 3 B 4 D)
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