Unit 4 Wildlife Protection
语言要点
单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. contain / include
2. reserve / keep / preserve
3. reduce / decrease
4. fierce / wild / violent(未调顺序)
词形
变化
1. power n. 能力
powerful adj. 强有力的; 力量大的
powerfully adv. 强有力地; 力量大地
2. appreciate v. 理解并欣赏; 赏识; 高度评价
appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激
appreciative adj. 有欣赏力的; 表示赏识的; 感激的
3. succeed v. ?成功; 做成; 达到目的
success ?n. ?成功; 成就; 成名; 发财; 胜利; 达到目的
successful adj. ?获得成功的; 取得成效的; 达到目的的
重点
单词
1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的;无居民的, 荒凉的
2. die out(指物种)死光;灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭
3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索
4. distant n. (空间或时间)远隔的, 遥远的
5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运
重点
词组
1. pay attention to 注意
2. die out(指物种)死光;灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭
3. come into being形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)
重点句子
1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.
2. They set the number of animals to be hunted.
重点语法
现在进行时的被动语态(见语法部分)
Ⅰ 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. contain / include
【解释】
contain强调主语含有某种成分或装有某物。如:
include强调主语包含的人或物是主语的一部分。所以include常译为“包括”。including…“包括……”,是十分常见的表达形式。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). The list ________ his name.
2). Beer __________ alcohol.
Keys: 1). included 2). contains
2. reserve / keep / preserve
【解释】
reserve 正式用词,指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。
keep 最常用词,指长时间牢固地保持合伙保存。
preserve 主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Will you _______ these documents for us?
2). In summer, large crops of fruit may be ________ by freezing.
3). All the front seats are _________ for foreign guests.
Keys: 1). keep 2).preserved 3). reserved
3. reduce / decrease
【解释】
reduce 强调在“数量、大小,程度或强度”方面下降或减少。
decrease 侧重强调“稳定地,逐渐地,不断地”减少
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). The workers _______ their wage demands.
2). Lack of success _________ confidence.
Keys: 1). reduced 2). decreased
4. fierce / wild / violent
【解释】
fierce 指人或兽的凶猛残酷。
wild 既可指自然界的荒芜,未被驯化状态,又指人的无法无天,不文明的野蛮行为。
violent 指人时侧重极为不安、异常激动,暗含有暴力行为;也指破坏性的或不可控制的自然力量。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). She is afraid of his _________ looks.
2). Who was that _________ old lady?
3). _______ criminals like that are a danger to society.
Keys: 1). wild 2). fierce 3). violent
Ⅱ 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1. power n. 能力
powerful adj. 强有力的; 力量大的
powerfully adv. 强有力地; 力量大地
2. appreciate v. 理解并欣赏; 赏识; 高度评价
appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激
appreciative adj. 有欣赏力的; 表示赏识的; 感激的
3. succeed v. ?成功; 做成; 达到目的
success ?n. ?成功; 成就; 成名; 发财; 胜利; 达到目的
successful adj. ?获得成功的; 取得成效的; 达到目的的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) I will do everything in my ________ to help you. (power)
2) He is very _________ built. (power)
3) Elephants have _________ legs. (power)
4) She shows little or no ________ of good music. (dusk)
5) Your help was greatly _________. (dusk )
6) I'm most _________ of your generosity. (add)
7) He wasn't a ________ as a teacher. (add)
8) If at first you don't ________, try, try again. (add)
9) My final attempt to fix it was __________.
Keys: 1) power 2) powerfully 3) powerful 4) appreciation
5) appreciated 6) appreciative 7) success 8) succeed
9) successful
Ⅲ 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)
1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的;无居民的, 荒凉的
[典例]
1). He enjoys filming wild animals. 他喜欢拍摄野生动物。
2). We walked into a wild mountain region. 我们走进荒无人烟的山区。
[重点用法]
be wild about sth/sb(对某事物[某人])极热心或热爱
be wild with… 因……而发狂
[练习] 中译英
1). 群众欣喜若狂。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). The crowd went wild with delight.
2). The children are wild about the new computer.
2. relief n. (痛苦﹑ 困苦﹑ 忧虑等的)减轻或解除
[典例]
1). The drug gives some relief from pain. 这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。
2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe. 我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。
[重点用法]
(much) to one’s relief 使某人大为放心;使某人深感宽慰
[练习] 中译英
1). 我最庆幸的是没有迟到。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 见到你在这儿也就放心了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). To my great relief/Much to my relief, I wasn't late.
2). It's a great relief to find you here.
3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索
[典例]
1). Wolves hunt in packs. 狼是成群猎食的。
2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal. 警方正在追捕逃犯。
[重点用法]
hunt for 试图找到(某物[某人])
hunt after 探求;追求
[练习] 中译英
1). 我在寻找一本失去的书。
2). 许多人一生追求成名,但一无所获。
Keys: 1). I am hunting for a lost book.
2). Many people hunt after fame in their lives but never find it.
4. distant n. (空间或时间)远隔的, 遥远的
[典例]
1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city. 机场距离城市大约十英里远。
2). She is a distant cousin of mine. 她是我的远房表妹。
[重点用法]
be distant with / towards with sb. 对……冷淡
[练习] 中译英
1). 这两种学说之间没有什么关联。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她对妈妈总是很冷淡。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). There is a distant connection between the two theories.
2). She is always distant with her mother.
5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运
[典例]
1). They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。
2). It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。
[重点用法]
at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制
have mercy on / upon对……有怜悯心
[练习] 中译英
1). 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 可怜可怜我们吧。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). The ship was at the mercy of the storm.
2). Have mercy on us!
Ⅳ 重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)
词组
1. pay attention to 注意
[典例]
1). Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请注意我说的话。
2). She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。
[短语归纳]
catch sb's attention 吸引某人的注意draw attention to sth. 注意某事物
give one's attention to 注意……
[练习] 中译英
1). 报纸的大标题引起他的注意。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她要我注意报告中的一处错误。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). A newspaper headline caught his attention.
2). She drew my attention to an error in the report.
2. die out(指物种)死光;灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭
[典例]
1). The moth's habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. 这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏, 几乎绝种了。
[短语归纳]
die away减弱(以至觉察不到);淡化 die down逐渐降低;减弱
be dying 垂死的 be dying for/to do sth.渴望
die of 死于(饥饿;病) die from死于(外界引起的)
die hard很难改变;顽固
[练习] 用die 构成的词组填空
1). The noise of the car ________ in the distance.
2). The old traditions are _________.
3). The man _________ a wound
4). I'm ________ something to eat.
Keys: 1). died away 2). dying out 3). died from 4). dying for
3. come into being形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)
[典例]
Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多。
[短语归纳]
come into effect实施 come into use投入使用
come into power上台执政
[练习]用 come的相关词汇填空
1). When did the world _________?
2). The new seat-belt regulations __________ last week.
3). When did this word ___________?
Keys: 1). come into being 2). came into effect 3). come into use
Ⅴ 重点句子 (旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)
1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。
[解释]此句可改成:
She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.
“with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构,即with +名词、代词(介词宾语)+v.-ing(宾补)。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为:with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do)作伴随状语或定语
[典例]
With some students following behind, he came in.
[练习] 中译英
1). 站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 新老板很担心,因为有很多事要处理。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.
2). With a lot of thing to be solved, the new boss worried a lot.
2. They set the number of animals to be hunted. 他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。
[解释]to be hunted为动词不定式的被动式,在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时,在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者,常用不定式的主动式,找不到时常用不定式的被动式。
[典例]
The first thing to be done is to tidy up the office.
The first thing for you to do is to tidy up the office.
[练习] 中译英
1). 在我们出发之前,这辆车必须修理一下。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 会议明天举行。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). The car needs to be repaired before we start.
2). The meeting is to be held tomorrow.
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