幻灯片 1Unit 5 The power of nature
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幻灯片 8(教材原句)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.二十年前，作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站工作。
——重点突破
appoint vt.任命；委派
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幻灯片 9联想拓展
appinot sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
appoint sth (for sth) (为某事)确定(日期、场所)
appointment n. 任命；委派；约会
break/keep an/one's appointment 违约/守约
make/fix/have an appointment with sb 与某人有约
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幻灯片 10①Sam has been appointed________manager of the engineering department to take________place of George.(2012·重庆，24)
A．/；/ B．the；/
C．the；the D．/；the
完成句子
②我们得指定一个人当秘书。
We must________someone________act as secretary.
③今年我们任命了三位新教师。
We've ________ three new teachers this year.
答案 ①D ②appoint；to ③appointed
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幻灯片 11(教材原句)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.我感到很紧张，不得不强迫自己镇静下来。
联想拓展
panic over/about/at... 因……而恐慌
panic sb into doing sth 使某人惊慌地做……
get into a panic 使陷入惊慌状态
be in a panic 处在恐慌中
panic n.惊慌；恐慌
vi.& vt.惊慌
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幻灯片 12【词语辨析】 panic，alarm，fear，fright，horror，terror
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幻灯片 14①He________and ran as fast as he could to safety.
A．paniced B．panicked
C．to panic D．panicking
完成句子
②我发觉门锁上了，十分惊慌。
I________ ________ ________ ________when I found the door was locked.
③蜜蜂飞近了，他更加恐慌。
As the bees came closer，his________increased.
答案 ①B ②got into a panic ③panic
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幻灯片 15(教材原句)．..don‘t forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.……别忘了往清澈碧蓝的水中投一枚硬币，来确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。
联想拓展
guarantee to do sth 保证去做某事
guarantee...to sb 向某人担保/保证……
be guaranteed to do sth 必定会做某事
give sb a guarantee that...向某人担保……
(be)under guarantee 在保修期内
guarantee n.保证；保证书；担保；抵押品
vt.保证；担保
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幻灯片 16【词语辨析】 guarantee，ensure，promise
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幻灯片 17①Can you ________me a job when I get there？You know，I have to work in order to pay for my schooling.
A．apply B．arrange
C．provide D．guarantee
完成句子
②保证书还有效，所以厂家会给修理的。
It's still________ ________，so the manufacturer will repair it.
③我不能保证工作一年多。
I ________ ________ ________work for more than a year.
答案 ①D ②under guarantee ③cannot guarantee to
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幻灯片 18 (教材原句)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。
——精解诠释
make one's way前往；获得成功
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幻灯片 19联想拓展
fight one's way 奋力前进
lose one's way 迷路
feel one's way 摸索前进
push one's way 挤出来
wind one's way 蜿蜒前进
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幻灯片 20①Christmas is________；we are in November already.
A．on the way B．in the way
C．out of the way D．by the way
完成句子
②我们奋力地从激动的人群中挤了出来。
We managed ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the excited crowd.
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幻灯片 21③我很高兴他在事业上有所进步。
I'm glad that he________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案 ①A ②to make our way through ③makes his way in his career
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幻灯片 22 (教材原句)The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地。
vary from...to...由……到……不等
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幻灯片 23联想拓展
vary in sth (大小、形状等)不同，有别
vary with... 随……变化，改变
vary between...and... 从……到……转变
various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
variety n．种种；多样化
a variety of 种种……
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幻灯片 24①The hopes，fears and desires________widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor.
A．alter B．shift C．transfer D．vary
完成句子
②海产品的价格随季节而变化。
The price of seafood ________ according to the season.
③对于这件事，人人意见不一。
Opinions on this matter ________ ________ person ________ person.
答案 ①D ②varies ③vary from；to
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幻灯片 25be about to do...when...正要……这时……,(教材原句)I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
——句型精析
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幻灯片 26联想拓展
(1)be about to do sth 不与具体的表示时间的状语连用，可以与when构成固定句式。
(2)be to do表示商定、安排或准备要做的事，还表示可能性、必要、责任和义务。
(3)be going to表示将要发生和计划、打算最近要进行的动作。
(4)be on the point of doing...when...也表示“正要……这时……”。
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幻灯片 27①We were________to go out for camping________it began to rain.
A．hardly；than B．around；as
C．about；when D．nearly；while
翻译句子
②我正要关电脑，这时收到了汤姆的邮件。
_______________________________________
答案 ①C ②I was about to turn off my computer when I received an email from Tom.
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幻灯片 28独立主格结构
(教材原句)The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
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幻灯片 29【考点警示】
this being my first experience是独立主格结构。
独立主格结构的构成方法：n./pron.＋v.ing＋v.ed/to do/adj./adv./prep.phrase。
(1)其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。
(2)独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子。在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。
(3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。
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幻灯片 30①Such________the case，I couldn't help but________him.
A．being；support B．is；to support
C．has been；supporting D．be；supported
②There________nothing to do，we went to the cinema and saw an adventurous film.
A．was B．had
C．being D．had been
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幻灯片 31完成句子
③小女孩仰卧在那里，双手交叉放在脑后。
The girl lay on her back，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
④听说郑涛在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。
I heard that Zhang Tao got injured in the accident，________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
⑤下课后，我们去打篮球。
________ ________ ________，we went to play basketball.
答案 ①A ②C ③her hands crossed under her head
④my heart full of worry ⑤Our lessons over
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幻灯片 32Ⅰ.推理判断题解题技巧
(一)命题探究
推理判断题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属深层理解题，每套题约5～7题。
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幻灯片 33这类试题的题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(得出结论)，be likely to...等词语。设题方式常有：
The writer's purpose of writing this passage is to________.
What is the purpose of writing this article?
In writing the passage，the author intends to________.
What do you think would happen(to...)at the end of the story?
We can conclude from the passage that________.
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幻灯片 34 (二)技巧点拨
1．速读全文，把握语篇意义，理解作者的意图和态度，体会作者的“弦外之音”。
2．根据题干与选项的内容，在原文中寻找信息，分析比较。另外，结合文章所属话题的背景知识做出合理的推理判断。
3．抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理，从而得出作者所隐含的深层含义。
4．整合全文(段)信息进行推断。有时需要结合全文，把握作者的主旨之后，综合分析之后方可得出结论。
5．知识推断是据文章中细节的描述，结合自己掌握的相关信息背景知识进行分析、判断，从而得出符合文章结论的推理方法。
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幻灯片 35典题示例(2012·福建·阅读理解C)
Finally，a cell phone
That's...a phone
With rates as low as $3.75 per week!
“Well，I finally did it.I finally decided to enter the digital age and get a cell phone.My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car broke down，and I was stuck by the highway for an hour before someone stopped to help.But when I went to the cell phone store，I almost changed my mind.The phones all have cameras，computers and a“globalpositioning”
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幻灯片 36something or other that's supposed to spot me from space.Goodness，all I want to do is to be able to talk to my grandkids！The people at the store weren't much help.They couldn't understand why someone wouldn't want a phone the size of a postage stamp.And the rate plans！They were confusing，and expensive...and the contract(合同)lasted for two years！I 'd almost given up until a friend told me about her new Jitterbug phone.Now，I have the convenience and safety of being about to stay in touch...with aphone I can actually use.”
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幻灯片 37Affordable plans that I can understand—and no contract to sign(签订)！Unlike other cell phones，Jitterbug has plans that make sense.Why should I pay for minutes I'm never going to use？And if I do talk more than I plan，I won't find myself with no minutes like my friend who has a prepaid phone.Best of all，there is no contract to sigh—so I'm not locked in for years at a time.The USbased customer service is second to none.And the phone gets service anywhere in the country.
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幻灯片 38----
幻灯片 39Call now and receive a FREE gift when you order.Try Jitterbug for 30 days and if you don't love it，just return it！Why wait，the Jitterbug comes ready to use right out of the box.If you aren't as happy with it as I am，you can return it and get your money back.Call now，the Jitterbug product experts are ready to answer your questions.
Call 18888098794 or visit www.jitterbugdirect.com.
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幻灯片 4063．What made “I” finally think of getting a cell phone?
A．Being stuck by the highway.
B．Being urged by his grandkids.
C．Being persuaded by cell phone salespersons.
D．Being attracted by the friendly return policy.
64．On the monthly basis of 100 minutes，the Jitterbug weekly rate is about________.
A．$3.75 B．$4.99 C．$14.99 D．$19.99
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幻灯片 4165．An advantage of Jitterbug mentioned in the passage is________.
A．its discount price with a free gift
B．its reasonable rate plans without a contract
C．its“globalpositioning”system with 911 access
D．its good customer service all over the world
66．The main purpose of the passage is to________.
A．tell a customer's story of Jitterbug
B．provide two ways to order Jitterbug
C．give a brief introduction of Jitterbug
D．attract potential customers to Jitterbug
答案 63.A 64.B 65.B 66.D
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幻灯片 42方法指导
本文是介绍手机Jitterbug套餐的应用文，第64,65,66题都是推理判断类题目。
1．内容推断题
这类题目要求考生推断后续或之前的内容。推断后续内容时，应明确文章最后所说明的问题，这类题目往往在最后一段中有暗示。也有后续内容是对整篇文章的总结，这就需要考生准确把握全文的中心思想。而判断之前的内容时，应明确文章第一段的话题及得出此话题的基础。
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幻灯片 43如本文第64题，根据表格每月100分钟栏目，将包月费用$19.99除以4(周)，即可得出每周费用约为$4.99。故答案为B项。
本文第65题，根据第二段可知Jitterbug套餐价格合理，无需签约，这正是这款手机的优势，所以答案为B项。
2．意图、主旨、观点、态度推断题
有些文章，作者的写作目的比较明确。但某些文章，作者却不点明自己的写作意图，而是让读者自己去体会。这种情况多出现在记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章中，作者往往叙述自己或别人的一段经历，这些经历中往往隐含某些人生哲理或观点，而这些哲理或观点往往就是作者的写作意图。
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幻灯片 44态度、情感或观点等往往隐含在文章中，而不会明确说明，因此这类题是比较有难度的推理判断题。这类题目一般分为两类：一是作者或文中人物对某一具体事物的观点、看法；另一类是作者或文中人物对另一人物的评价。解答时要根据作者在文中的措辞来推断作者的弦外之音，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词等。另外还要兼顾全文，不能以作者或文中人物在某句话或某段落中的态度来概括其在全文中的态度，而是应当进行综合、归纳，得出最终结论。
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幻灯片 45如本文第66题，文章第一段以故事开端，然后以叙述性的写作方式说明套餐，并用表格呈现选用Jitterbug套餐的优势，目的在于吸引顾客的注意。故答案为D项。
3．隐含意义题
这类题目往往要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事情。这类试题的题干中常含infer，suggest，imply，indicate，conclude，be likely to等词语。
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幻灯片 464．写作手法题
这类题目要求考生判断作者的写作手法，而解答此类题目的前提是明确篇章结构。作者运用某种写作手法的目的，要么是为了引出主题或突出主题，要么是为了吸引读者的注意，要么是为了把主题表达得更清楚。常用的写作手法有：开头引出问题、列举具体事物、运用比拟或比喻、使用引语等。在判断篇章结构时，要特别注意一些起连接作用的词或短语，如first，second，on one hand，on the other hand，besides，in addition to等。
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幻灯片 475．文体出处题
这类题目要求考生推断所选文段可能来自何处。对于这种题目，通常要“五看”：一看内容，抓住文章的中心；二看文体，判断是新闻、日记还是广告等；三看对象，明确文章是给谁写的；四看语言，看语言是否正式；五看材料，看文章中专业词汇多还是少，有无数据分析等。
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幻灯片 48Ⅱ.特别关注——攻克长难句
1．Since it was hot in the studio，it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. (2012·新课标·阅读理解C)
分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是it came as a surprise...；it为形式主语，后不定式短语为真正的主语。since引导原因状语从句，see sb do sth意为“看到某人做了某事”，surprise在句中为抽象名词具体化的用法，指“令人惊讶的事情”。
译文：影棚里面很热，因此当看到一名男演员穿着一件厚厚的大衣沿着小路开始漫步时，我们都觉得很惊讶。
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幻灯片 492．Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete(竞争)． (2011·全国Ⅰ·阅读理解A)
分析：该句为简单句。thus意思为“in this way以此方式”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to compete。
译文：大公司生产的牛奶更便宜，这样送奶工就失去了竞争优势。
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幻灯片 50分析下列长难句并翻译成汉语
1．Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes showstudents how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in. (2012·安徽·阅读理解D)
分析：这是一个主从复合句，主句是Big wind employees fly the kite and show students...。show后是一个how引导的宾语从句，而从句的主语是pulling...the other；the kite goes in是定语从句，修饰先行词direction。
译文：Big Wind工厂的员工们放飞风筝，并且在几分钟里向学生们展示怎样通过拉一根线，然后再拉另一根线来控制风筝飞行的方向。
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幻灯片 512．Small tables，which mean the longlegged have to sit a foot or so away from them，are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere. (2011·全国Ⅰ·阅读理解C)
分析：该句为含有定语从句的主从复合句，主句是Small tables are enough to make...。which为关系代词引导定语从句，修饰Small tables。
译文：桌子矮了，个子高的人就得离桌子一英尺来远才能坐下，这足以让高个子顾客望而却步。
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幻灯片 52特别提醒：教师配赠习题、课件、视频、图片、文档等各种电子资源见《创新设计·高考总复习》光盘中内容。
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