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1．[2013•安徽卷]阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a __1__ reason, such as your job or your studies? __2__ perhaps you're interested in the __3__，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a __4__ of the language.
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Most people learn best using a variety of __5__， but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people. They __6__ an environment where you can practice under the __7__ of someone who's good at the language. We all lead __8__ lives and learning a language takes __9__. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a __10__. It doesn't matter if you haven't got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __11__．
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Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I'm too __12__，” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __13__ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __14__. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I've also heard people __15__ about the mistakes they make when __16__. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __17__ you're much less likely to make them again.
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Learning a new language is never __18__. But with some work and devotion, you'll make progress. And you'll be __19__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in __20__ own language. Good luck!
1．A ． technical B．political
C．practical D．physical
2．A ． After B．So
C．Though D．Or
3．A ． literature B．transport
C．agriculture D．medicine
4．A ． view B．knowledge
C．form D．database
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5． A． paintings B．regulations
C．methods D．computers
6． A． protect B．change
C．respect D．provide
7．A． control B．command
C．guidance D．pressure
8． A． busy B．happy
C．simple D．normal
9． A． courage B．time
C．energy D．place
10． A． theory B．business
C．routine D．project
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11．A ． some risks B．a lot less
C．some notes D．a lot more
12．A ． old B．nervous
C．weak D．tired
13．A ． closely B．quickly
C．privately D．quietly
14．A ． age B．speed
C．distance D．school
15．A ． worry B．hesitate
C．think D．quarrel
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16．A． singing B．working
C．bargaining D．learning
17．A． if B．and
C．but D．before
18．A． tiresome B．hard
C．interesting D．easy
19．A． blamed B．amazed
C．interrupted D．informed
20．A． their B．his
C．our D．your
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[要点综述]本文属于议论文，主要讲述了学习一门外语的意义，以及在学习过程中会遇到的一些困难和阻碍。文章最后鼓励大家不要畏惧，要勇于挑战自我，最终一定会学好这门外语的。
1．C 考查形容词词义辨析。such as后列举的your job和your studies都是学习英语的实际需要，故选practical，意思是“实际的”。
2．D 考查前后句逻辑关系推理。该句承接上一句，继续讲学习外语的原因。由前一句中such as your job or your studies及本句中films or music可知，学习外语的理由有很多，故用or表示不确定推测，意为“或者 是”。
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3．A 考查名词词义辨析。空格所在句中，并列连词or连接的应该是和film，music同一范畴的名词，四个选项中，literature最贴切，故选A项。
4．B 考查名词词义辨析。学习外语，掌握了外语知识，有助于欣赏外国文学、电影或音乐。a knowledge of…意思是“……方面的知识，对……的了 解”。
5．C 考查名词词义辨析。该句中traditional classes指的是“传统课堂”，由此推断，前后句是比较不同的外语学习方法，故选C项。
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6．D 考查动词词义辨析。这句话是对上句的解释说明，讲的是传统课堂为学生“提供”了良好的学习氛 围，故选D项。
7．C 考查名词词义辨析。传统教学方法是在老师的“指导”下学习，故选C项。
8．A 考查形容词词义辨析。这句话说的是我们的生活是“忙碌的”，故选A项。
9．B 考查上下文逻辑关系。由后面几句话可知，这里讲的是学习外语是需要“时间”的，故选B项。
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10．C 考查名词词义辨析。由前一分句“You will have more success if you study regularly…”可知，学习外语应该常规化，把它发展成“例行公事”或“日常事 务”，故选C项。
11．B 考查句意理解。前一分句说“说一口流利的语言需要几年时间”，而并列连词but表示转折意义，由此推断，后一分句说的是“勉强学会一门语言花的时间要少很多”。
12．A 考查上下文理解。由下文“孩子们学习语言确实比大人快”可知，许多成年人觉得自己年纪太大，担心学不好而中途放弃。故选A项。
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13．B 考查上下文逻辑关系。由上文“许多成年人觉得自己年纪太大，担心学不好外语”推断，“孩子们学习语言确实比大人快”，故选B项。
14．A 考查前后句逻辑关系。前句说“孩子们学习语言确实比大人快”，而but表示转折意义，由此可知，后一分句说的是“任何年龄的人都能学好外语”，故选A项。
15．A 考查上下文逻辑关系。由下文“放松心情，对所犯的错误一笑而过”推断，前文说的是“许多人担心犯错”，故选A项。
16．D 考查语篇理解。语篇说的是“学习”外语时应该注意的问题，故选D项。
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14．C 考查动词辨析及语境理解。上文提到老太太把作者当作自己的女儿很开心，但是她的女儿从来不来看她。根据句中的never和“…so I took her place.”可知答案。bother烦扰；answer回答；visit看望，拜访；trust相信。
15．D 考查动词辨析。老太太让作者领会了一个道理：让别人感到快乐自己也会快乐。explain解释；guess猜测；declare宣布；see领会。
16．B 考查形容词辨析及语境理解。老太太的去世对作者的打击很大。homeless无家可归的；heartbroken悲伤的；badtempered坏脾气的；hopeless无望的。
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17．B 考查固定句型。句型“祈使句＋and＋陈述 句”表示条件和结果的关系。
18．D 考查上下文逻辑关系。由后一句“只要付出努力，用心学习，你就会取得进步”推断，前一句说的是“学习一门语言绝不是容易的事”，故选D项。
19．B 考查动词词义辨析。你仅仅说了一点儿外语就得到外国友人的积极回应，你会为此惊诧不已，故选B项。
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20．A 考查句意理解。这里指代的是句中提到的some people，用their，故选A项。考生在做此类题时，容易以自我为中心，而误选C项our。这句话是一个状语从 句，when引导的从句是解释说明some people的状况，因此只有their符合题意。
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（一）
Many of us spend a great deal of time and energy trying to prove that we are right and others are wrong. Many people __1__ that it's their job to show others how their positions, statements, and points of view are __2__， and that on doing so, the person they are correcting is going to somehow __3__ it, or at least learn something. Wrong!
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Think about it. Have you ever been __4__ by someone and said to him, “Thank you so much for showing me that I'm wrong and you're right？” Or, has anyone you know ever __5__ you when you corrected them, or made yourself “right” at their __6__？ Of course not. The truth is, all of us __7__ to be corrected. We all want our position to be __8__ and understood by others. Being listened to and heard is one of the greatest __9__ of the human heart. And those who learn to __10__ are the most loved and respected. Those who are in the __11__ of correcting others are often resented(怨恨) and __12__．
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A wonderful way for becoming more peaceful and loving is to practise __13__ others the joy of being right—give them the glory. __14__ correcting. When someone says, “ I really feel it's important to…”， rather than breaking __15__ and saying, “No, it's more important to…”， simply let it go and allow their statement to __16__. The people in your life will become less defensive and more __17__. They will appreciate you more than you could ever have __18__. You'll discover the joy of joining in and witnessing other people's __19__， which is far more rewarding than a battle of egos(自我). Starting today, let others be “__20__” , most of the time.
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1． A． believe B．doubt
C．prove D．tell
2． A． unimportant B．unbelievable
C．incorrect D．imperfect
3．A． consider B．appreciate
C．understand D．refuse
4．A． fooled B．helped
C．taught D．corrected
5．A． thanked B．rewarded
C．cared D．accepted
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6．A． side B．price
C．expense D．value
7．A． like B．hate
C．prefer D．afford
8．A． admired B．received
C．realized D．respected
9．A． shortcomings B．advantages
C．desires D．wishes
10．A． talk B．praise
C．help D．listen
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11．A． habit B．form
C．position D．purpose
12．A． punished B．avoided
C．left D．laughed
13．A． letting B．lending
C．allowing D．owing
14．A． Stop B．Continue
C．Practise D．Try
15．A． out B．up
C．in D．off
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16．A． last B．send
C．work D．stand
17．A． helpful B．loving
C．careful D．popular
18．A． dreamed B．requested
C．asked D．demanded
19．A． sufferings B．worries
C．progress D．happiness
20．A． happy B．right
C．sorry D．proud
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[要点综述]人们在交往时总倾向于认为自己正确而别人错误，总想纠正别人并认为这对别人有好处。本文说明在交往中不要总想证明自己才是正确的，而别人是错的，这只会招人怨恨，令别人对自己避而远之。相 反，应该学会倾听，赞同别人，把“正确”的机会让给别 人 。这样你会受到欢迎，也会感受到更大的乐 趣。
1．A 考查动词词义及语境理解。此处believe意为“认为”，符合句意。doubt怀疑；prove证明；tell告 诉。句意：许多人认为告诉别人他们的位置、陈述和观点是错误的，这是自己应做的事。
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2．C 考查形容词词义及语境理解。根据上句“…trying to prove that we are right and others are wrong.”可知，此处应为别人的观点是“不正确的”。
3．B 考查动词词义及语境理解。consider考虑；understand理解；refuse拒绝。根据下文“…or at least learn something.”可知，人们常认为被自己纠正错误的人应“感激”自己。
4．D 考查动词词义及语境理解。根据上文“…the person they are correcting is…”可知，此处是站在自己的角度上问有没有被别人“纠正”过。
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5．A 考查动词词义及语境理解。根据上文“Thank you so much for showing me that I'm wrong and you're right？”可知，此处应为“当你给别人纠正错误时，别人有没有感谢你？”
6．C 考查固定短语及语境理解。at one's expense 意为“在某人受损的情况下，以某人为代价”。语境：以他们受损为代价来证明你是对的。
7．B 考查动词词义及语境理解。根据上句，所有人都没因为被指出错误而感谢别人，所以事实是，所有人都讨厌被纠正。
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8．D 考查动词词义及语境理解。admire羡慕；receive收到；realize意识到；respect尊敬。根据下文“…and understood by others.”可知，此处意为“被别人尊重和理解”。
9．C 考查名词词义及语境理解。shortcoming弱 点；advantage优势；desire渴望；wish愿望。句意：被聆听是人内心深处最大的“渴望”之一。
10．D 考查名词词义及语境理解。根据上文可知此处为“倾听”。
11．A 考查名词词义及语境理解。habit习惯；form形态，表格；position位置；purpose目的。此处表示“习惯于纠正别人的人”。
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12．B 考查动词词义及语境理解。punish惩罚；avoid避开；leave离开，留下；laugh笑。根据上文“…are often resented(怨恨) and…”可知此处应为“避而远之”。
13．C 考查动词词义及语境理解。此处是allow sb sth结构。语境：练习给予别人被承认的快乐。
14．A 考查动词词义及语境理解。根据上文，此处应为“不要再纠正别人的观点了。”stop停止；continue继续；practise练习try尝试。
15．C break in插话。语境：不要插嘴说自己的观点更重要。break out爆发；break up粉碎；break off折 断，中断。
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16．D 考查动词词义及语境理解。stand持某一观 点；last持续；send送；work工作。
17．B 考查形容词词义及语境理解。loving满怀爱意的；helpful有帮助的；careful仔细的；popular受欢迎的。根据上文less defensive可知，此处应为“更加满怀爱意”。
18．A 考查动词词义及语境理解。dream梦想。 B、C、D三项均意为“要求”。句意：他们会比你想象的更欣赏你。
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19．D 考查名词词义及语境理解。happiness幸 福；suffering受苦；worry担忧；progress进步。语境：你会发现加入并且见证别人的快乐的乐趣。
20．B 考查形容词词义及语境理解。此处为整篇文章的论点，即多数时候让别人正确，不要一味地证明自己正确。
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（二） What separates people who reach their goals from everyone else is their ability to stay on track, despite challenges. __1__ will come; you can bet there will be chances for you to __2__ track. If you're an athlete, it may be an injury that causes you to have to __3__ practices. If you're trying to get to a healthy weight, you may have to travel __4__ and stay with a friend who doesn't like to __5__. The point is that some kind of challenges will __6__.
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How we deal with these challenges __7__ the victims from the victors. You can use challenges as a stepping __8__ or as a block, and you can use them to __9__ your ambition or block your view; the __10__is yours.
Challenges should __11__ to make you stronger and more consistent as you attend to each difficulty. They should cause your __12__ to dig deeper, in search of a (an) __13__.
The problem arises when you don't __14__ challenges. If you can predict potential problems and plan __15__， you will have confidence and your belief in yourself will __16__ up.
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Your ability to stay __17__ and overcome difficulties is what will __18__ and allow you to achieve your goal.
Start working towards your dreams daily. Get started by setting __19__ what your next step is to accomplish your goal. Then get into __20__ as you move closer to your goal daily.
1. A ． Abilities B．Goals
C．Possibilities D．Challenges
2. A ． stick to B．get off
C．take off D．attend to
3. A ． miss B．strengthen
C．appreciate D．confuse
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4. A． disappointedly B．unexpectedly
C．deliberately D．daily
5. A． knock over B．get through
C．put up D．work out
6. A． raise B．arise
C．appoint D．turn
7. A． separates B．protects
C．shelters D．deserts
8. A． appointment B．arrangement
C．stone D．expectation
9. A． produce B．ignore
C．reduce D．strengthen
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10. A． choice B．comment
C．preparation D．promise
11. A． provide B．serve
C．offer D．expect
12. A． characteristics B．abilities
C．roots D．signs
13. A． solution B．comfort
C．study D．adaptation
14. A． blame B．accept
C．meet D．expect
15. A． actually B．otherwise
C．beforehand D．after
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16. A． put B．get
C．build D．bring
17. A． solved B．focused
C．deserted D．reduced
18. A． get you away B．find you out
C．set you apart D．keep you off
19. A． down B．up
C．about D．out
20. A． effort B．measure
C．plan D．action
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[要点综述]生活中我们会遇到各种各样的挑战，它们可能成为你成功路上的铺路石，也可能成为你实现人生目标的绊脚石，关键在于你如何去选择。
1．D 由下文可知，挑战一定会出现的。ability能 力； goal目标； possibility 可能性；challenge挑战。
2．B 由上下文可知，你可以确信很可能会偏离既定轨道。stick to坚持；get off离开；take off 起飞；attend to处理。
3．A 由上文“你一定会遇到挑战”可知，如果你是一名运动员，你可能因受伤而缺席训练。miss 漏掉，错过；strengthen加强； appreciate感激； confuse使困惑。
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4．B disappointedly失望地；unexpectedly 出乎意料地；deliberately故意地；daily每天地。根据句意可知选B项。
5．D 你想保持体重，却和一位不喜欢锻炼的人一起去旅行。knock over碰翻；get through完成；put up张贴；work out锻炼。
6．B 挑战总是会出现的。raise上升；arise产生，出现；appoint约定；turn旋转。
7．A 如何应对这些挑战是受害者和胜利者的区 别。separate分开；protect保护；shelter掩蔽，躲避；desert抛弃。
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8．C 由下文可知，你可以把它当成铺路石，也可以当成挡路石。appointment任命；arrangement安排；stone石头；expectation期待。
9．D 由上一句可知，你可以用它来激励你的抱负。
10．A 这个选择在你自己的手中。choice选择；comment评论；preparation准备；promise允诺。
11．B 在你处理困难时，挑战应有助于让你更坚强更有韧性。serve在这里指“对……有用”。
12．C 挑战会让你的根扎得更深(让你深入研究问 题)。root根；characteristic特征；ability能力；sign标记。
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13．A 由上文可知，你会深入研究问题，寻求解决问题的方法。
14．D 当你没有预料到挑战的时候，问题就会出 现。blame指责；accept接受；meet遇见；expect预 料。
15．C 如果你能预见到潜在的问题并事先计划 好，那么你一定会充满自信，更加相信自己。beforehand事先，提前。
16．C put up张贴； get up 起床； build up增 进，增强； bring up抚养。根据句意选C项。
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17．B 由本段语境可知，你的专注和解决困难的能力会使你比别人更加优秀，帮助你实现目标。focused专注的。
18．C set …apart使与众不同，使优于……。
19．A 从制订你的下一步计划开始去实现你的目 标。set down 制订； set up建立； set about开始 做； set out出发。
20．D 设立好目标并投入到实际行动中去。effort努力；measure措施；plan计划；action行动。
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This is part of American President Barack Obama's speech on May 14 at Barnard College in New York.
… My last piece of advice—this is simple, but perhaps most important: __1__. Nothing worthwhile is easy. No one of achievements has avoided failure—sometimes catastrophic failures. But they keep at it. They learn from mistakes. They don't __2__．
When I first arrived on this __3__， I was with little money, fewer options. But it was here that I tried to find my place in this world. I knew I wanted to make a difference, but it was __4__ how in fact I'd go about it. But I wanted to do my part to __5__ a better world.
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So even as I worked after graduation in a few __6__ jobs here in New York, even as I went from motley (混杂的)apartment to motley apartment, I __7__．
… And I wish I could say that this perseverance came from some innate (天生的)toughness in me. But the truth is, it was __8__. I got it from __9__ the people who raised me. I grew up as the son of a single mum who struggled to put herself through __10__ and make ends meet. She had marriages that fell apart; __11__ went on food stamps at one point to help us __12__. But she didn't quit. And she earned her degree, and made sure that __13__ scholarships and hard work, my sister and I earned __14__．
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And __15__， I met a woman who was assigned to advise me on my first summer job at a law firm. And she gave me such good advice that I married her. And Michelle and I gave everything we had to balance our careers and a __16__ family. We made that marriage work.
… So __17__ it's starting a business, or running for office, or __18__ an amazing family, remember that making your __19__ on the world is hard. It takes patience. It takes commitment. It comes with plenty of __20__ and it comes with plenty of failures.
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1．A． compete B．persevere
C．struggle D．preservation
2．A． rest B．decline
C．quit D．regret
3．A． campus B．downtown
C．farm D．country
4．A． confident B．uncertain
C．ambitious D．proud
5．A． shape B．instruct
C．organize D．lead
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6．A． amazing B．disturbing
C．meaningful D．unsatisfactory
7．A． reached out B．put out
C．gave out D．made out
8．A． presented B．structured
C．learned D．created
9．A． copying B．detecting
C．persuading D．watching
10．A． life B．work
C．school D．business
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11．A． yet B．even
C．still D．also
12．A． get by B．come by
C．get off D．come along
13．A． during B．through
C．across D．over
14．A． mine B．us
C．ours D．hers
15．A． for the time being B．long before
C．up to now D．later on
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16．A． young B．poor
C．weak D．strong
17．A． as if B．if
C．whether D．unless
18．A． rising B．raising
C．arousing D．arising
19．A． view B．stay
C．remark D．mark
20．A． goals B．advantages
C．shortcomings D．setbacks
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[要点综述]本文是奥巴马在母校Barnard College的发言稿，主要告诉我们在人生中无论遇到什么困难，都要学会坚持。
1．B 根据下文this perseverance可知本文谈论的是毅力和坚持。
2．C 很多人都会遇到困难和失败，但他们没有放弃。decline下降；quit放弃；regret遗憾。
3．A 根据文章开头at Barnard College可知指奥巴马的母校。
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4．B 如何实现自己的梦想还不确定。confident自信的；uncertain不确定的；ambitious有野心的；proud自豪的。
5．A 但是“我”想为塑造一个更好的世界做出努力。shape形成，塑造，使成形。
6．D 毕业以后，“我”做了“我”自己感觉不满意的工作。
7．A “我”依然努力求索。reach out伸出(手等)，伸手拿，这里意为“努力求索”。put out熄灭，出版；give out分发，发出，公布，发表，用尽；make out辨认。
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8．C 毅力是通过后天学习得到的。
9．D “我”是通过观察抚养“我”的人学习到毅力和坚持的。watch观察，观看。
10．C 妈妈努力让她自己完成了学业。
11．B 妈妈的处境很不好，甚至要到领食品券的地步了。
12．A 妈妈让“我们”继续生存下去。get by 维持生活，过下去；come by从旁经过，拜访；get off (使)下车，(使)下马；come along到来，出现。
13．B 通过奖学金和努力工作，“我们”获得“我们”自己的学位。
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14．C ours指“我们”自己的degree。
15．D 后来，“我”遇见了一个给“我”很大帮助的女人。for the time being暂时，目前；long before很早以前，在……以前，很久；up to now到目前为止；later on后来，稍后，过些时候。
16．A “我们”组建了年轻的家庭。
17．C whether…or…无论……还是……。
18．B 指抚养一个家庭。raise此处意为“养育”。
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19．D 在世界上留下你的痕迹。view观点；stay停留； remark评论；mark痕迹。
20．D 即使你会遇到很多的挫折和失败，也要坚持。goal目标；advantage优势；shortcoming缺点；setback挫折。
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