幻灯片 1专题九 说明文型完形填空 返回目录 ---- 幻灯片 2专题九 说明文型完形填空   返回目录 ---- 幻灯片 3返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 1.[2012·课标全国卷]阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __1__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __2__ than we realize. In fact, non­verbal (非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really __3__. And body language is particularly __4__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __5__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And ---- 幻灯片 4返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __6__, different societies treat the __7__ between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __8__ contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with __9__. People from Latin American countries, __10__, touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in __11__, it may look like a Latino is __12__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __13__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __14__—which the Latino will in return regard as __15__. ---- 幻灯片 5返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __16__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __17__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of __18__ . But whatever the situation, the best __19__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be__20__. ---- 幻灯片 6返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 1.A. straighter B.louder C.harder D.further 2.A. sounds B.invitations C.feelings D.messages 3.A. hope B.receive C.discover D.mean 4.A. immediate B.misleading C.important D.difficult 5.A. well B.far C.much D.long ---- 幻灯片 7返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 6.A. For example B.Thus C.However D.In short 7.A. trade B.distance C.connections D.greetings 8.A..eye B.verbal C.bodily D.telephone 9.A. strangers B.relatives C.neighbours D.enemies 10.A. in other words B.on the other hand C.in a similar way D.by all means ---- 幻灯片 8返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 11.A. trouble B.conversation C.silence D.experiment 12.A. disturbing B.helping C.guiding D.following 13.A. closer B.faster C.in D.away 14.A. stepping forward B.going on C.backing away D.coming out 15.A. weakness B.carelessness C.friendliness D.coldness ---- 幻灯片 9返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 16.A. talk B.travel C.laugh D.think 17.A. different B.European C.Latino D.rich 18.A. curiosity B.excitement C.misunderstanding D.nervousness 19.A.chance B.time C.result D.advice 20.A. noticed B.treated C.respected D.pleased ---- 幻灯片 10返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 [要点综述]本文是一篇说明文。作者认为身势语比言辞更有效,而身势语却常常被人们忽略。在进行跨文化交流的过程中,身势语尤为重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例进行了阐述。最后作者指出,不管什么情况,最好的建议是:对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。(你想别人怎么对待你,你就怎样对待别人。) 1.B 考查副词的比较级及语境理解。身势语比语言表达的意思更响亮,更清楚。此处louder意为“声音更大,更有说服力”。如:Facts speak louder than words.(事实胜于雄辩。) ---- 幻灯片 11返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 2. D 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。sound声音;invitation邀请;feeling感觉;message信息。 3.D 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。实际上,非语言交际约占据了我们真正想表达的意思的50%。hope希望;receive接收;discover发现;mean意思是。 4.C 考查形容词词义辨析。当我们进行跨文化交流 时,身势语显得尤为重要。immediate立刻的; misleading 误导的;important重要的;difficult困难 的。 ---- 幻灯片 12返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 5. C 考查形容词的用法。事实上,身势语是常常被我们忽略的很多的一部分。 6. A 考查语境理解。下文中以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例,说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同 的。 7. B 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。不同的社会群体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。trade交易; distance 距离; connection联系;greeting问候。 8. C 考查语境理解。即使是朋友,北欧人通常也不喜欢身体的接触,当然更不用说陌生人。eye 眼睛,眼神;verbal 言辞的; bodily身体的;telephone电话。 ---- 幻灯片 13返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 9. A 考查名词词义辨析。北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触,即使是朋友,当然更不用说陌生人。stranger陌生人;relative亲戚;neighbour邻居;enemy敌人。 10.B 考查介词短语的含义及语境理解。on the other hand然而,在另一方面。然而,拉丁美洲国家的人们相互接触的就很多。 11.B 考查名词词义辨析。在对话过程中,拉丁人跟着挪威人满屋子转是可能的。trouble 麻烦;conversation对话; silence 沉默;experiment实验。 12.D 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。在对话过程 中,拉丁人跟着挪威人满屋子转是可能的。此处follow意为“跟着……走”。 ---- 幻灯片 14返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 13.A 考查语境理解。拉丁人靠得更近以示友好。 14. C 考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。挪威人将不断地后退。step forward前进; go on 继续;back away后退;come out出来。 15. D 考查名词词义辨析。拉丁人反过来认为他们很冷淡。weakness虚弱; carelessness粗心;friendliness 友谊;coldness冷淡。 16. A 考查动词词义辨析。很显然,当人们谈话时 ,许多东西都在进行。 17.A 考查形容词词义辨析。当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时,产生误解的可能性就会很大。 ---- 幻灯片 15返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 18.C 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时,产生误解的可能性就会很大。 19. D 考查名词词义辨析。不管什么样的情景,最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则:对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。 20. B 考查动词词义辨析。不管什么样的情景,最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则:对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。 ---- 幻灯片 16返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 (一) UK households are cutting back on spending at the fastest rate since 1980. This is __1__ to the worst economic slowdown in three decades. Figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) showed __2__ spending fell by 1.2% in the first three months of the year. People spent less on housing, household goods and services, __3__ those who went on holiday abroad also spent __4__ less. ---- 幻灯片 17返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 Consumers tightened their belts __5__ the face of job losses, pay __6__ or freezes and sharply reduced city bonuses. The figures __7__ employees' compensation(补偿金) falling by 1.1% in the quarter, the largest fall __8__ records began in 1955. Wages and salaries declined, __9__ lower bonus payments in the financial sector than normal, while __10__ also fell. The data was __11__ as part of the ONS's latest assessment of the UK economy, which __12__ that gross domestic product (GDP) shrank by 1.9% in the first quarter, __13__sharpest decline since 1979. GDP stood 4.1% __14__ than a year ago, the biggest annual fall since 1980. ---- 幻灯片 18返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 “The breakdown(数字细目) of first­quarter GDP gives a pretty __15__ picture of weakness right across the __16__ in the early months of this year,” said Jonathan Loynes of Capital Economics. “With __17__ parts like household spending and investment set to fall considerably further in __18__ to the weakness in the housing market, the labour market and bank lending, we __19__ convinced that recent‘green shoots’ will translate __20__ a return to decent growth next year.” ---- 幻灯片 19返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 1.A. submitting B.resorting C.contributing D.extending 2.A. personnel B.consumer C.folk D.client 3.A. while B.although C.because D.but 4.A. instantly B.simultaneously C.significantly D.actively 5.A. at B.in C.up D.over ---- 幻灯片 20返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 6.A. dives B.pauses C.halts D.cuts 7.A. calculated B.accumulated C.expressed D.showed 8.A. since B.when C.as D.until 9.A. to B.by C.for D.with 10.A. competition B.employment C.achievement D.attraction ---- 幻灯片 21返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 6.A. dives B.pauses C.halts D.cuts 7.A. calculated B.accumulated C.expressed D.showed 8.A. since B.when C.as D.until 9.A. to B.by C.for D.with 10.A. competition B.employment C.achievement D.attraction ---- 幻灯片 22返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 16.A. economy B.finance C.business D.commerce 17.A. right B.free C.cheap D.key 18.A. opposition B.response C.regard D.contrast 19.A. remain B.prove C.feel D.maintain 20.A. toward B.through C.into D.beyond ---- 幻灯片 23返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 [要点综述]本文是一篇经济报道,讲述了经济危机导致英国居民消费开支自1980年以来最大幅度下滑这一现象。 1. C 这导致了近三十年来最严重的经济下滑。submit to 服从;resort to 求助,诉诸;contribute to 导致,有助于,促进;extend to 延伸到。 2.B consumer spending表示“消费性支出”。 3.A 上半句说人们在住房、日用品及服务上的支出减少了,下半句说出国度假的人花费也减少了,由此可见前后句是并列的关系,所以用while。although 表示让步;because表示原因;but 表示转折。 ---- 幻灯片 24返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 4.C instantly 立即,马上;simultaneously 同时 地;significantly 显著地,重要地;actively积极地,活跃 地。不难看出这里是说出国度假的人花费也明显减少 了,因此选significantly。 5.B in the face of为固定短语,表示“面对……”。 6.D pay cuts减薪;dive潜水;halt停止;pause暂停,间歇。 7.D calculate计算;accumulate积累;express表 达;show表明。句意表达“数据表明”,故选择D项。 8.A since 表示“自从……以来”,上文提到工人们的补偿金本季度下降了1.1%,这个下降的幅度是自1955年有记录以来最低的,所以用since。 ---- 幻灯片 25返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 9.D bonus表示“奖金”,这里with表示“随着”。语境:随着财政部门奖金的减少,工资也在下降。 10.B competition 竞争;employment 就业;achievement 成就,成绩;attraction吸引,吸引力。随着工资的下降,竞争肯定会越来越激烈,失业的人会越来越多,所以就业率就会下降。 11.A release 发布,释放;relieve 解除,减轻;relate 联系,叙述;relax 放松。这里release表示“发布”,句意是“这份数据是作为ONS这个组织对英国经济评估报告的一部分来对外发布的”。 ---- 幻灯片 26返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 12.C promote促进,提升;justify证明……是合法 的;confirm确认,证实;advocate 提倡,主张。句意是“这份数据证实了第一季度GDP下降了1.9%这一事实”。 13.D 这里its指的是GDP。 14.D 从后半句the biggest annual fall since 1980可以得出GDP肯定是比去年降低了4.1%,所以用lower。poor贫穷的;slim苗条的;weak虚弱的。 15.B amazing令人惊异的;depressing令人沮丧的;surprising令人惊讶的;puzzling令人费解的。 ---- 幻灯片 27返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 16.A economy经济;finance财政;business商业;commerce商业,贸易。这里应该是对整个宏观经济的分 析,所以用economy,其他三个选项太过片面了。 17.D key parts表示“基础部分,关键部分”。 18.B in response to表示“响应,反应”,这里表示由于房地产市场、劳动力市场以及银行借贷的疲软,家庭支出以及投资大幅度下降。 ---- 幻灯片 28返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 19.A remain表示“依然,保持”,后面大多跟形容词;maintain表示“维持,保持(已有的水平、标 准)”。语境表达“虽然房地产市场、劳动力市场以及银行借贷的疲软导致了家庭支出以及投资的大幅度下降,但是我们仍然相信……”,所以这里用remain。 20.C translate into意为“转化为,翻译成”,本题表示“转化成”。 ---- 幻灯片 29返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 (二) For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never­ending flood of words. In __1__ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend __2__can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are __3__ readers. Most of us develop poor reading __4__at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency __5__in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have ---- 幻灯片 30返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 __6__ meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. __7__, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __8__ words or passages. The tendency to look back over __9__ you have just read is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which __10__ down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as __11__reads. ---- 幻灯片 31返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __12__, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __13__the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __14__word­by­word reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible. At first __15__is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, __16__ your comprehension will improve. Many people have found __17__ reading skill drastically improved after some training. __18__ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his ---- 幻灯片 32返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __19__ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that he can __20__a lot more reading material in a short period of time. ---- 幻灯片 33返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 1. A.applying B.doing C.offering D.getting 2. A.quickly B.easily C.roughly D.decidedly 3. A.good B.curious C.poor D.urgent 4. A.training B.habits C.situations D.custom 5. A.lies B.combines C.touches D.involves ---- 幻灯片 34返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 6. A.some B.a lot C.little D.dull 7. A.Fortunately B.In fact C.Logically D.Unfortunately 8. A.reuse B.reread C.rewrite D.recite 9. A.what B.which C.that D.if 10. A.scales B.cuts C.slows D.measures ---- 幻灯片 35返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 11. A.some one B.one C.he D.reader 12. A.accelerator B.actor C.amplifier D.observer 13. A.then B.as C.beyond D.than 14. A.enabling B.leading C.making D.indicating 15. A.meaning B.comprehension C.gist D.regression ---- 幻灯片 36返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 16. A.but B.nor C.or D.for 17. A.our B.your C.their D.such 18. A.Look at B.Take C.Make D.Consider 19. A.for B.in C.after D.before 20. A.refer to B.go over C.set about D.get through ---- 幻灯片 37返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 [要点综述]阅读本来是一项愉悦身心的活动,但是忙碌的工作使人们阅读时带有很强的目的性。本文就如何开展有效的快速阅读进行了简单的说明。 1.D 此处说的是“谋得一份差事”。apply需加for,意思是“申请”;do做; offer提供。此三项均不符合题意,只有get(获得)适合。 2.A 句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力,是决定成败的关键所在”。只有quickly与原意吻合。easily容易地;roughly 粗略地; decidedly果断地;均与原文内容不符。 ---- 幻灯片 38返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 3.C 英语中,阅读速度快的人称为good reader,反之,就是poor reader。根据上下文的内容,多数人都属于poor reader,因此选poor(差的)。其他选项与原文内容不符。 4.B 此处的意思是“大多数人在早期养成看书慢的习惯”。habit习惯;training训练,培训;situation形势;custom风俗习惯。 5.A 此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素,即单词”。combine联合;touch接触;involve包括;均不符合句意。而lie与in构成搭配,意为“在于”。 6.C 这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些词,它们并没有什么意义”。some有点;a lot许多;dull单调的。此 ---- 幻灯片 39返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 三项不合题意。只有little“很少”是否定词,合乎逻辑。 7.D 此句语境为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良阅读习惯感到遗憾”。fortunately幸运地;in fact事实上;logically合乎逻辑地;均不符合题意。unfortunately“不幸地”,合乎语境。 8.B 此处语境为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”。故选reread“重读”。reuse再使用;rewrite改写;recite背诵。 9.A 此处所填的词既是look back over的宾语,又是you have just read的宾语,只有what能充当这种双重成分。 ---- 幻灯片 40返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 10.C scale down按比例减少;cut down削减;这两项不合题意。 measure不能与down搭配。slow down“放慢”,符合句意。 11.B 此处用one,表泛指。 12.A 语境为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”,因此选accelerator “快读器”。actor演员;amplifier放大器;observer观察者。 13.D 前面的faster决定了选than,构成比较级。 ---- 幻灯片 41返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 14.C 此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度,使你再也不能逐字阅读,回顾前文内容或者默读”。enable相当于make possible;lead引导;indicate指出,表明;都不合题意。只有make“使,使得”最合适。 15.B 这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解”,所以选comprehension“理解”。meaning“意义,意思”,指词或词组表示的意义;gist大意,要旨;regression回归。 ---- 幻灯片 42返回目录 专题九 说明文型完形填空 16.A 与前半句中的not only相呼应,构成句式“不仅……而且……”,只能选but。 17.C 本句中的主语是第三人称复数,物主代词必然是their。 18.B take与后面的for instance构成短语,意为“以……为例”,其他三项不能构成搭配。 19.D 这里指受训练之前与受训练之后的比较,因此选before。 20.D 此处语境为“在短时间内,读完更多的材料”。refer to参考;go over复习;set about着手做。只有get through “读完”最恰当。 ---- 幻灯片 43返回目录   备用习题 Thousands of brush lines went into the original great works, but one artist has reproduced some of the world's most famous paintings with just one line. Designer Chan Hwee Chong creates spiral(螺旋形的) illustrations inspired by some of the most __1__ works in history. The Singaporean artist's work is so__2__ that if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again. He has recreated Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, Van Gogh's Self­Portrait and Johannes Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring in his own unique__3__. ---- 幻灯片 44返回目录   备用习题 The 33­year­old father­of­two said, “__4__, the brief was to show the precision and control of the pens.Right from start, we__5__ ourselves, is there an idea that can bring to life the promise of these pens in a__6__, powerful way? Inspired by line­art drawings, we thought we could__7__ ‘precision and control’ in a simple idea that involved only one single line.” He__8__ putting together the impressive drawings to a spider spinning a web. Mr Hwee Chong added, “It wasn't as easy as we thought. We went through many rounds of__9__ and error, painstaking drawing the works in one__10__ line, by hand. As you can ---- 幻灯片 45返回目录   备用习题 imagine, every mistake meant we need to start from the very__11__. This project not only involved skill__12__ lots of persever­ance and patience, much__13__ a spider spinning its web.” The Singaporean is an art director at German__14__ studio Kolle Robbe in Hamburg. In his spare time he works__15__ installation art and graphic design. “At work, I deal__16__ with art direction and ideas. Outside of work I like playing with spaces—__17__ different ways of catching our eye in an immersive(拟真的) fashion.” ---- 幻灯片 46返回目录   备用习题 Mr Hwee Chong, who lives in Hamburg with his wife Carolyn, said the three pieces took several months to complete due to the fact that every mistake meant a complete restart.“I don't really have an__18__ to how long each drawing took but the whole project took us many months.__19__, my favourite is Mona Lisa as it was the piece we started doing first. All three pieces were hard work but I worked with a team which really__20__. We solved problems we had together and it was great fun.” ---- 幻灯片 47返回目录   备用习题 1.A. popular B.effective C.practical D.realistic 2.A. successful B.precise C.strict D.flexible 3.A. language B.gesture C.studio D.style 4.A. Essentially B.Fortunately C.Thankfully D.Similarly 5.A. reminded B.told C.asked D.wondered ---- 幻灯片 48返回目录   备用习题 6.A. traditional B.simple C.direct D.hard 7.A. present B.change C.invent D.lose 8.A. practiced B.suggested C.connected D.compared 9.A. trial B.action C.success D.risk 10.A. shortened B.broken C.controlled D.divided ---- 幻灯片 49返回目录   备用习题 11.A. end B.top C.head D.beginning 12.A. yet B.but C.and D.then 13.A. like B.off C.after D.against 14.A. film B.music C.design D.photography 15.A. for B.on C.with D.of ---- 幻灯片 50返回目录   备用习题 16.A. mainly B.only C.closely D.nervously 17.A. making B.exploring C.feeling D.forcing 18.A. honour B.attention C.entrance D.answer 19.A. Probably B.Personally C.Recently D.Previously 20.A. impressed B.owned C.approved D.helped ---- 幻灯片 51返回目录   备用习题 【要点综述】 本文介绍了一种绘画风格。 1.A 根据上下文可知,此处表示“历史上最流行的作品”,故用popular。 2.B 根据该空后的“if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again”可知,应用precise“精确的”。 3.D 这里指的是有着他自己独特的“风格”。 4.A 根据后面的“the brief was to show the…”可知应用“Essentially”,表示“本质上”。 5.C 根据下文可知,此处表示我们“问”自己,故用asked。 ---- 幻灯片 52返回目录   备用习题 6.B 根据后文的“in a simple idea that…”可知B项符合题意。 7.A 我们能够展示“precision and control”这种风格,故选present。 8.D compare…to…“把……比作成……”,文中表示他把绘画的过程比作蜘蛛在织网。 9.A 绘画的过程是不断地尝试,不断地犯错,在错误中不断改进的过程。trial and error为固定搭配,表示“反复试验,不断摸索”。 10.C 前面提到的绘画风格是“precision and control”,由此可知这里应选controlled。 ---- 幻灯片 53返回目录   备用习题 11.D 根据第一段中的“starts all over again”可知应选beginning。 12.B not only…but also…表示“不但……而且……”,有时also可以省略。 13.A 根据本空所在句子的句意可知,此处表示“像蜘蛛织网一样”,故选A。 14.C 根据下句中的“design”可知,应选C项。 15.B work on表示“从事,努力做”,符合语境。 16.A 根据上下文可知,这里应用mainly,表示“主要地,总体上”。 ---- 幻灯片 54返回目录   备用习题 17.B 根据前面的“playing with spaces”可知,此处表示“探索不同的方式”,故选B项。 18.D 我真的回答不出来画一幅画要用多长时间。the answer to…表示“……的答案”。 19.B 根据空后内容可知,此处是Mr Hwee Chong 对《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画的个人评价。 20.D 根据最后一句“We solved problems we had together and it was great fun.”可知,和团队一起工作真的很有帮助。故选D项。 ----

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