幻灯片 1第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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高中英语 选修7
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幻灯片 21. ________v．保护；保存→ preservation n．保护；保存
2．________n．存在→exist v．存在；生存
3．relation n．亲属；亲戚→ ________v．使互有联系→ ________adj.相对的；比较的；有关的→______________n．关系；联系
4．exposure n．暴露；显露→ ________v．暴露；揭露；揭发
5．endangered adj.濒危的→ ________v．使……处于危险
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
preserve
existence
Ⅰ.单词荟萃
relative
relate
relationship
expose
endanger
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幻灯片 36．____________v．建议→ recommendation n．推荐；介绍；推荐信；劝告
7．propose v．建议；提议→________n．建议
8．________n．帮助；援助→ assist v．帮助；协助→________n．助手；副手；助理；图书管理员
9．guidance n．指导，引导，咨询→ ________v．为……领路；带领 n．向导；导游；指南；手册
10．________ v．忽视；不理；不管→ ignorance n．忽略
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
recommend
proposal
assistance
assistant
guide
ignore
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幻灯片 41．在……方面达成一致 _________________________
2．用……来做…… _________________________
3．除……之外 _________________________
4．对……作贡献 _________________________
5．至关重要 _________________________
6．参与 _________________________
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
agree on
use sth. for sth./doing sth.
get involved(in sth.)
apart from
contribute to
of vital importance
Ⅱ.短语检测
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幻灯片 57．通过；仔细检查；经历，遭受 ____________________
8．使某人想起…… _________________________
9．作为回报 _________________________
10．不是……而是 _________________________
11．受……支配 _________________________
12．因……而受到尊敬 _________________________
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
remind sb. of sth.
in return
not…but
at the mercy of
be honoured for
go through
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幻灯片 61．They have recommended that the site_______________________．
该组织提议关闭这个遗址并进行维修。
2．We must_______________________________________of environmental protection.
我们必须提高公众的环保意识。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
be closed and repaired
Ⅲ.佳句再现
raise/ improve public awareness
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幻灯片 73．The site is______________________________and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it.
这座遗址保护起来是极其昂贵的，要花三百万到五百万元来修缮。
4．Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds，_______________________．
有些地方杂草丛生，破败不堪，造成严重的损害。
5．If________________to repair it，it could be removed from the list.
如果不采取措施维修，它可能会被除名。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
extremely expensive to maintain
causing serious damage
nothing is done
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幻灯片 8Ⅳ.单元语法
Subjunctive and adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 91 recommend v．推荐；介绍；建议
(1)recommendation n． 介绍，推荐；推荐信，求职介绍信；建议，提议
(2)recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
(3)recommend sth to sb 为某人推荐某物
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
◇ 单词点睛 ◇
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幻灯片 10【经典句式】
(strongly) recommend that/It is (strongly) recommended that…
(强烈)建议……(从句用“should＋动词原形”表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。)
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 11【活学活用】
(1)I wouldn't recommend you to go there alone.
我劝你不要孤身一人到那里去。
(2)Can you_________________________________？
你能为我推荐一本好词典吗？
(3)Doctors strongly recommend that fathers ________________ at their baby's birth.
医生强烈建议孩子出生时父亲应该在场。
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recommend a good dictionary to me
(should)be present
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幻灯片 122 contribute vi.捐献，捐赠(常与to连用)；增加；促进；作出贡献；投稿
(1)contribute(…)to (将……)捐献给，(为……)作出贡献
contribute to 对某事起促进作用，是原因之一
(2)contribution n. 捐款，捐助，投资；贡献
make a contribution to 捐赠；作出贡献
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 13【注意事项】
contribute to和make a contribution to中to为介词，后面加名词、代词或动名词。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 14【易混辨析】
donate和contribute
(1)donate 一般表示捐钱或献血。
(2)contribute捐献的范围更广，指贡献财力、物力、智力等各个方面。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 15【活学活用】
(1)The writer personally contributed ￡4，000 to the earthquake fund.
这位作家个人向地震基金会捐款4000英镑。
(2)He ________________________________________ the success of the project.
他对工程的成功作出了积极的贡献。
(3)Carelessness ________________ his failure.
粗心造成了他的失败。
(4)The government calls on the youth to _________________ voluntarily.
政府号召青年义务献血。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
made a very positive contribution to
contributed to
donate their blood
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幻灯片 163 exposure n．暴露；揭露；揭发
expose v．使暴露；陈列；揭穿
expose sb to sth/be exposed to
使面临；使遭受(危险或不快)；使接触；使体验
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 17【活学活用】
(1)They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on TV.
他们认为让儿童接触暴力和色情电视节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。
(2)Potatoes turn green when ____________ light.
当暴露在光线下时，土豆变成绿色。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
exposed to
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幻灯片 181 apart from 除了……之外
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
◇ 短语储存 ◇
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幻灯片 19【易混辨析】
besides，except，except for，but，in addition to，apart from和other than
(1)besides意为“除……以外(还包括)”。如：
Besides John，we also went there.
除了约翰外，我们也去了那里。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 20(2)except意为“除……以外(不包括)”。except后面除了加名词、代词外，还可以跟介词短语或that/when等引导的从句。如：
He goes running every day except on rainy days/except when it rains.除了下雨天外，他每天都跑步。
I know nothing about him except that he is from America.除了知道他是美国人外，我对他一无所知。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 21(3)except for也意为“除……以外(不包括)”，但except排除的是同类的事物，而except for强调整体排除局部。如：
The room is empty except for a bed.
这个房间只有一张床。
(4)but表示“除了”，意义相当于except，常用于nothing，nobody，who，all等词后面。当前面有动词do时，but/except 后面的不定式不带to。如：
I have nothing to do but wait.
我所能做的只有等待。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 22(5)in addition to相当于besides，意为“除……以外(还包括)，加之”。如：
In addition to the names on the list there are six other applicants.
除了名单上的这些人，还有另外六个应征者。
(6)apart from既可以表示besides的含义，也可以表示except和except for的含义。如：
Apart from my mother tongue，I speak several foreign languages as well.
除了母语外，我还会讲好几种外语。
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幻灯片 23 He has no other interests，apart from his work.
他除了工作之外，没有其他的兴趣爱好。
Apart from his nose he's quite goodlooking.
撇开鼻子不说，他还是非常好看的。
(7)other than常用于否定句，其意义类似于except。如：
There's nobody here other than me.
除了我这里没别人。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 24【活学活用】
(1)[2012•广东卷•阅读C] Apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.
除此之外，各种各样的灾难曾经发生在上下班的路上。
(2)______________________ some spelling mistakes，the composition is fairly good.
除了一些拼写错误，这篇文章写得很不错。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
Apart from/Except for
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幻灯片 25(3)He has always been in good health ______________ he has had a slight headache in the past few days.
在过去几天里他除了有些头痛之外，身体一直很好。
(4)I had no choice but ________________．
除了放弃我别无选择。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
except that
to give up
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幻灯片 262 in return (for) 作为回报；反过来
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 27【易混辨析】
in return和in turn
(1)in return 意为“作为回报；作为回应；回答”。
(2)in turn 意为“依次，轮流；反之，反过来”。如：
Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.
理论基于实践，反过来，理论也为实践服务。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 28【活学活用】
(1) Can I buy lunch for you in return for your help?
为感谢你的帮忙，我请你吃午饭好么？
(2)When the economy develops，workers' income should increase，which ______________ promotes economic development.
经济发展的同时，工人的收入也应增加，这样反过来促进了经济发展。
(3)He gave her some roses______________________．
他送了她一些玫瑰花以答谢她的好意。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
in turn
in return for her kindness
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幻灯片 293 remind sb of sth (to put sth in the mind of someone)使某人想起； 提醒某人某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做……
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 30【活学活用】
(1)Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on the train.
乘客们被提醒在火车上不要吸烟。
(2)The story ________________ an experience I once had.
这个故事使我想起我的一次亲身经历。
(3)Please ___________________her this note.
请提醒我留给她这张纸条。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
reminds me of
remind me to leave
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
◇ 句型透视 ◇
(1)They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.
他们建议鼓励公众来帮助解决这一问题。
(2)A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.
中科院的一位教授提议设立一个基金会来筹集资金。
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幻灯片 32句型公式
suggest/advise/propose/recommend that…(should) do…
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 33【要点解读】
在表示“建议、要求、命令”等的动词(suggest, recommend，advise，propose，insist, order，request，demand，desire等)后的宾语从句，以及它们对应的名词(suggestion, recommendation, advice, proposal, insistence, order, request, requirement, demand, desire等)后的主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句中用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”形式，should可以省略。如：
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幻灯片 34He insisted that all of us (should) be there on time.
他坚持我们所有人都准时到那儿。
He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes
every week by themselves.
他命令学生们每周都自己洗衣服。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
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幻灯片 35【活学活用】
(1)I suggest that we (should) start the meeting at once.
我建议我们立刻开始会议。
(2)I make a proposal that we _________________________ next week.我提议我们下周开会。
(3)It's required that we ______________________ of the patient.需要我们照顾好病人。
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(should)hold/have a meeting
(should)take good care
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幻灯片 36Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into e________．
2．Careers officers m________ contact with young people when they have left school.
3．I wish to p________ a toast to our friendship.
4．Your technical ____________(援助) in the project is greatly appreciated.
5．He is a person of important social ________(地位)．
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
aintain
ropose
assistance
xistence
status
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幻灯片 37Ⅱ.选词填空
1.They were lost at the sea，_______________the wind and weather.
2．Honesty and hard work __________________ success and happiness.
3．Several companies are ____________ the contract to build the bridge.
4．This story ____________ my childhood.
5．The forest will ________ a defense against desert dust.
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
at the mercy of
bidding for
reminds me of
contribute to
act as
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幻灯片 38Ⅲ.单项填空
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
1．I have just spent a holiday in Sanya and would ________ it to anyone.
A．suggest B．propose
C．recommend D．offer
[解析] C 考查动词辨析。recommend表示“推荐”。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
2．In the ________ of proof, the police could not take action against the man.
A．lack B．shortage
C．absence D．failure
[解析] C 考查名词搭配。in the absence of “由于缺少”。lack可用搭配for lack of 表示“由于缺乏”。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
3．At minus 130℃，a living cell can be________for a thousand years.
A．spared B．protected
C．preserved D．developed
[解析] C 考查动词辨析。句意：在零下130度，一个活细胞可以保存一千年。preserve保存。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
4．—Jack, what do you think of the event which not only promoted________of the world hunger, but raised a lot of money to help those poor children?
—That's great!
A．awareness B．contribution
C．direction D．loneliness
[解析] A 考查名词辨析。句意：你认为这个不但促进人们对世界饥饿问题的意识(awareness)，而且还筹集资金帮助那些贫穷孩子的活动怎么样？其他各词：contribution(贡献)，direction(方向，指导)，loneliness(孤独，寂寞)，均不合句意。
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第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
5．My father is a farmer and the skin of his back peeled off with too much ________ to the sun.
A. contribution B. contact
C. exposure D. exhibition
[解析] C 句意：我的父亲是个农民，他的背部皮肤因日晒过多而脱皮。exposure暴露。
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幻灯片 43阅读写作(二十一) [阅读理解
技法指导之词义猜测]
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幻灯片 44返回目录
第42讲 Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
◇重视词义猜测◇
历年高考都把词义猜测作为考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能列入试题。词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断；既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。
一、词义猜测主要的设题方式有：
1．The underlined phrase “took off” in Paragraph 2 means “ ________ ”．
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2．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?
3．The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that ________．
4．Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” in the third paragraph?
5．The underlined phrase “turn his back on”(Paragraph 6)most probably means ________．
6．By saying “We need them yesterday”(Paragraph 7)，Stover means that snakelike robots ________．
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二、词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。
语境即上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其他词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇和短语并结合具体的语境来推测。命题者为了考查学生的这种猜词能力，常采用以下几种命题策略：
策略1：依据标点符号猜测词义
标点符号是猜测词义最直接、最简单的解答方法。比如，破折号、冒号常常起解释说明的功能，引号和括号有时也起到相同的作用。
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例1 Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was endlessly going, so that he was forced to escape to the outside of the house—the only side which, in truth, belongs to a henpecked husband．
The underlined words “henpecked husband” in this paragraph probably mean a man who ________．
A．likes hunting
B．is afraid of hens
C．loves his wife
D．is afraid of his wife
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【点睛】 D 破折号起进一步解释说明的作用。由其前信息 “他为逃避妻子的唠叨而逃到屋外”可知“他是一个怕老婆的人”，因此选择D项。
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策略2：依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义
运用对比手法描述事物或现象是文章写作的一种常用的修辞手法。在这种修辞手段下，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，从而表明一个词与前面的另一个词互为反义。常用的信号词有： but/yet/however/nevertheless; while/whereas; otherwise/or else; unlike/instead/ rather than; by contrast/compared to; on the contrary/ on the other hand等。
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例2 [2012•全国卷Ⅱ] (节选)The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.
What do the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A painting of the skeleton.
B．A photograph of Lucy.
C．A copy of the skeleton.
D．A written record of Lucy.
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【点睛】 C 词义猜测题。结合画线词后面“while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom”中的real，可知这个词的含义是“复制品”。A“骨骼的绘画”；B“露西的照片”；D“露西的书面记录”，均与上下文语境不符。本题是利用对比关系猜测词义。while是一个很好的信息提示词。
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策略3：依据下定义，作解释猜测词义
在说明文、科技文中运用下定义或解释概念的方法来定义或诠释某一名词或概念是文章写作的又一特点。在写作方法上常采用先总后分(即先定义后解释)或先分后总(即先说明后结论)的方式。常用的定义信号词有：be defined as/be termed(被定义为)，be called(被称为)，mean/refer to/be(意指，是)。
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例3 [2012•江苏卷] (节选)
Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us.” I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.
The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to ________．
A．realize our dreams
B．give support to our life
C．smooth away difficulties
D．awake our emotions
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【点睛】 D 句意推测题。这句话运用了明喻和暗喻的表达手法，“一本书就是能融化我们冰冻着的内心的一把斧子”，这是表面意思，即指一本书能够唤醒我们内心深处的情感，引起共鸣之意，故D项正确。
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策略4：依据逻辑推理猜测词义
运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也是最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合、分散复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系、同位关系、对比关系、转折关系等。
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例4 [2012•课标全国卷] (节选)
•Try handson science. Visit one of the many handson science museums around the country. These science playlands are great fun for kids and grownups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.
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What does “handson science” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Science games designed by kids.
B．Learning science by doing things.
C．A show of kids' science work.
D．Reading science books.
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【点睛】 B 词义猜测题。根据文章中的“They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.”可知在这种博物馆中，孩子们通过按按钮、做实验和建东西去体验。所以B项正确。本题充分运用了后文信息的解说猜测词义，画线部分与后文是逻辑上的一种“总分”关系。
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策略5：依据例证猜测词义
采用事实说理(即例证)以加强观点的说服力或使观点更加明朗清楚是文章写作的常用手法。借助例证获取更多信息，即可实现猜词的目的。常用的例证信号词有： like/for example/for instance/such as; include/consist of等。
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例5 [2012•重庆卷] (节选)
There are no obvious limits to the escalation of demands for quality. For example, Porsche, a famous car producer, has a model which was considered perhaps the best sports car on the market. Priced at over $120，000, it handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration. But in 2004, the producer introduced some changes which made the model slightly better in handling and acceleration. People who really care about cars find these small improvements exciting. To get them, however, they must pay almost four times the price.
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What does the underlined word “escalation” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Understanding.
B．Increase.
C．Difference.
D．Study.
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【点睛】 B 词义猜测题。从该段材料对保时捷的改进及人们对此改进趋之若鹜的追求来看，人们对质量需求是不断提高的。因此可断定该词含义为“提高”。本题是运用后文的例证猜测词义，For example是一个典型的信息提示词。
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此外，运用语法和常识以达到猜词的目的也是词义猜测策略的另一种表现形式。英语构词法给英语语言创造了丰富的词汇源泉，因此掌握构词规律是达到猜词目的的有效捷径。这种猜词的策略主要表现在：
(1)依据词性变化猜测词义
英语语言的词性变化是非常活跃的，如名词动化、动词名化、形容词动化等，阅读时要充分抓住这一特点，从而准确地猜测词义。
(2)依据词义变化(词义引申)猜测词义
英语语言除了词性活跃的特点外，其词义的变化也是非常活跃的。同一个词在不同的语境中其词义也会发生相应的变化，即所谓的词义引申。
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(3)依据词的派生和合成猜测词义
派生法是英语构词法中最主要的构词方法，它由词根、前缀或后缀组成。如：前缀dis， im， ir， un可以构成反义词；后缀less也可以构成反义词。遇到合成词时在正确理解两词的基础上结合原文来把握两词之间的关系，从而准确地猜测词义。
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【活学活用】
1．The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution she was banished. A few members of the Senate opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country forever.
A．killed by stoning
B．sent away
C．imprisoned
D．punished by whipping
[答案] B
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2．The prisoner seemed to relax but actually he was thinking hard, while his hand moved so slowly that the movement was imperceptible. It was only when the keys accidentally fell from the table that the guard suddenly realized that the prisoner's hand had almost reached them.
A．hardly noticeable
B．heavyhanded
C．not capable of fast or immediate action
D．a matter of habit
[答案] A
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3．Mrs. Morgan's son was intelligent and charming, but his continual extravagance made her wonder if she could continue to support him. Each month she was going deep into debt, attempting to pay for his expensive purchases.
A．superior manner
B．wastefulness or carelessness in spending money
C．showing too great concern for current fashions
D．insults to family or close friends
[答案] B
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4．Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl, while her sister was quite sedate．
A．pretty B．calm
C．protective D．energetic
[答案] B
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5．I wanted to stay in New York, but my friend tried to dissuade me.
A．deceive B．frighten
C．talk out of it D．accompany
[答案] C
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6．Albert's success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence．
A．time B．competition
C．perseverance D．beginning again
[答案] C
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7．He felt very lonely; he had lived in Baltimore City for a month and had met no one in the inhospitable city.
A．unfriendly B．uncomfortable
C．unhealthy D．enormous
[答案] A
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8．I found a secluded area where no man or animal could be seen for miles around.
A．cool B．isolated
C．quiet D．noisy
[答案] B
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9．The archaeologist spent years studying and searching for remains of the Chinese civilization.
A．one who studies the mind
B．one who studies cultures
C．one who studies the body
D．one who studies animals
[答案] B
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10．CARDIFF, Wales(De, 15)—Poets, singers and musicians from across the globe gathered in Wales to celebrate the tradition of storytelling. “It came out of a group of people who wanted to reconnect with traditions, and as all the Welsh are storytellers, it was in good hands here.” Ambrose said.
A．controlled by rich people
B．grasped by good storytellers
C．taken good care of
D．protected by kind people
[答案] C
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