幻灯片 1Unit 4 Earthquakes 地震
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幻灯片 2Ⅰ. 单词盘点
根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇
1. _____(vi. ) 爆裂;爆发
(n. ) 突然破裂;爆发
2. _____(n. ) 事件;大事
3. ____(n. ) 废墟;毁灭
(vt. ) 毁灭;使破产
burst
event
ruin
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幻灯片 34. _______(adj. ) 极度的
5. _______(vt. ) 破坏;毁坏;消灭
6. _____(vt. &vi. ) (使)震惊;震动
(n. ) 休克;打击;震惊
7. ______(n. &vt. ) 援救;营救
8. ____(vt. ) 使陷入困境
(n. ) 陷阱;困境
extreme
destroy
shock
rescue
trap
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幻灯片 49. _______(n. ) 灾难;灾祸
10. _____(vt. ) 埋葬;掩埋;隐藏
11. ______(n. ) 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处
12. _______(n. &vt. ) 损失;损害
13. _____(n. ) 裁判员;法官
(vt. ) 断定;判断;判决
disaster
bury
shelter
damage
judge
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幻灯片 514. ______(vt. ) 损害;伤害→ ______(n. ) 伤害;损害→ _______ (adj. )受伤的
15. _________(n. ) 电;电流;电学→______ (adj. )用电的;带电的→________(adj. )与电有关的;电学的
16. _______(vt. ) 使惊吓;吓唬→__________ (adj. ) 受惊的;受恐吓的→ __________(adj. )令人恐惧的
17. _____________(n. ) 祝贺;(复数)贺词→____________ (vt. )祝贺
injure
injury
injured
electricity
electric
electrical
frighten
frightened
frightening
congratulation
congratulate
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幻灯片 6【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空
①In the crash he was seriously _______ . He suffered severe _______ to the head and arms. (injure)
②On seeing the __________ scene, the little girl was so __________ that she burst out crying. (frighten)
③The headmaster wrote a letter to ___________ her on her good performance and the exciting ______________ encouraged her greatly. (congratulate)
injured
injuries
frightening
frightened
congratulate
congratulations
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幻灯片 7Ⅱ. 短语回放
1. 立刻;马上 __________
2. 轻视;认为……没价值 ____________
3. 仿佛;好像 ____
4. 结束;终结 _________
5. 严重受损;破败不堪 ________
6. 掘出;发现 _______
right away
think little of
as if
at an end
in ruins
dig out
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幻灯片 87. 许多;大量的 _________________
8. 在户外 _____________
9. 作演讲 ____________
10. 集资;筹款;募捐 ___________
a (great) number of
in the open air
give a speech
raise money
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幻灯片 9Ⅲ. 句式扫描
1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were ____ ____________ (太紧张而不敢吃东西).
2. It seemed ____(仿佛) the world was at an end!
3. Thousands of families were killed and many children were __________________(成了孤儿).
4. __________________(不是所有的希望都破灭了).
nervous to eat
as if
left without parents
All hope was not lost
too
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幻灯片 10【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子
①too. . . to. . . 太……以至于不能……
仿写:他太激动,说不出话来。
He was too excited to speak.
②It seems as if. . . 看起来好像……
仿写:天好像要下雨了。
It seems as if it is going to rain.
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幻灯片 11③all. . . not. . . 并非所有的……都……
仿写:并不是所有的答案都是正确的。
All answers are not correct.
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幻灯片 131. burst vi. 爆裂;爆发
n. 突然破裂;爆发
burst out 突然迸发;爆发
burst out doing sth.
= burst into + n. 突然……起来
burst in/into 闯进;突然破门而入
burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支
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幻灯片 14①The police burst in and arrested the drug dealer.
警察突然闯进来,逮捕了这名毒贩。
②When the balloon _____ , the little boy _____ ___ crying/ _____ ___ tears.
气球爆裂后,小男孩放声大哭起来。
burst
burst out
burst into
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幻灯片 15【助记】burst的多层含义
爆裂
突然(大笑……)
突然闯进
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幻灯片 162. ruin n. [U]毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;[C](常用复数)废墟;遗迹
vt. (使)毁坏;毁灭;成为废墟;使破产
(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭;灭亡;崩溃
bring. . . to ruin 使……毁灭;使……没落;
使……破产
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幻灯片 17(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己,自取灭亡
ruin one’s health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
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幻灯片 18①Years of fighting has left the area in ruins.
连年的战争已经使这个地区成为一片废墟。
②The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin.
全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。
③Much drinking ______ __ ______ .
过量饮酒毁了他的健康。
ruined his health
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幻灯片 19【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空
表示“毁灭、毁坏”,是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏,使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义。
表示“损害、损坏”,通常是指对物体的部分的损害,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低,但这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词,作名词时与介词to搭配,如cause damage to。
表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭,其功能无法或难以修复,也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划、契约等。
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幻灯片 20④Thousands of houses were seriously ________ by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month.
⑤The whole city was completely _________ in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people.
⑥The constant rain in the north of China this summer has ______ cash crops such as cotton and peppers.
damaged
destroyed
ruined
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幻灯片 21【助记】
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幻灯片 223. injure vt. 损害;伤害;使受伤
(1)injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 受伤的人(集合概念)
(2)injury n. 伤;伤口;伤害
do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人
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幻灯片 23①She injured herself while skating. 她在滑冰时受了伤。
②The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.
驾车者的双腿和双臂严重受伤。
③A total of 271 people ____ ______ in Shanghai’s subway crash.
在上海地铁追尾事故中总共有271人受伤。
were injured
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幻灯片 24【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空
作及物动词时,表示“受伤”;既可以指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、情感上的伤害;作不及物动词时,表示“(身体某个部分)疼痛”。
通常指由武器造成的伤害,如刀、枪等的伤害,尤其是指在战场上造成的伤害。
用于表示精神或肉体上的伤害均可,有时也可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的事情。
特指意外事故中造成的伤害。
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幻灯片 25④Several soldiers were ________ in the attack.
⑤Years of overwork has _______ his health greatly.
⑥What really ____ me was that he ignored me on purpose.
⑦Luckily he was only slightly _______ in the earthquake.
wounded
harmed
hurt
injured
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幻灯片 264. bury vt. 掩埋;埋葬;使专心,使沉浸;隐藏
bury. . . in. . . 把……埋到/插到……里
bury oneself in/be buried in 埋头于,专注于
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幻灯片 27①He felt lonely after he buried his good friend.
埋葬了好友之后, 他感到很孤独。
②He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets.
他走得很慢,两手插在衣袋里。
③Ever since he moved there, he ___ ____ ______ __his research work.
自从搬到那里以后,他一直在专注于研究工作。
has been buried in
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幻灯片 28【点津】
表示“专注于某事”的动词短语还有以下几个:
be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focus on, concentrate on等。
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幻灯片 295. at an end 结束; 终结
①The war was at an end. 战争结束了。
②I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。
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幻灯片 30【拓展】补全下列短语
__ the end of 在……的尽头/末尾(指时间或空间)
__ the end of 到……末为止(常与完成时态连用)
__ the end 最后,终于(作状语)
__ end 连续地,直立地
at
by
in
on
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幻灯片 316. a (great) number of 许多;大量的
①A great number of people were present at the meeting.
很多人出席了会议。
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幻灯片 32②A number of new oilfields ____ (have/has) been opened up recently. (选词填空)
近来许多新的油田已被开发出来。
【点津】
“a number of +可数名词的复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词用复数,意为“许多的,大量的”;“the number of +可数名词的复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,意为“……的数目”。
have
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幻灯片 33【想一想】还有哪些表示“许多,若干”的短语,它们修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词如何判断?
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幻灯片 34【拓展延伸】表示“许多,若干”的短语的用法
a(great/good/
large) number of
a good/great many
quite a few
(1)修饰可数名词
谓语动词用复数
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幻灯片 35 a good/great
deal of
a large amount of
quite a little
(2)修饰不可数名词
谓语动词用单数
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幻灯片 36 a lot of/lots of
a(large) quantity of
(large)quantities of
plenty of
(3)修饰可数或
不可数名词
除(large)
quantities of外,
谓语动词的单复
数取决于of后
面的名词
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幻灯片 377. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家庭院,鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不敢吃东西。
句中too. . . to. . . 为固定句式结构,意为:太……而不能。其用法还有:
(1)当too. . . to. . . 用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时,不定式表示肯定意义。
(2)can’t/can never. . . too. . . 再怎么……也不过分
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幻灯片 38①The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.
这男孩太虚弱,举不起那个重箱子。
②We are all too willing to take your advice.
我们都非常乐意接受你的建议。
③He is not too young to dress himself.
他不是小得连衣服都不会穿。
④You ____ __ ___ ______ while crossing the street.
过马路时你再怎么小心也不过分。
can’t be too careful
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幻灯片 398. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句为不完全否定句,也可称之为部分否定句。
(1)当not与all,both,complete, each,every, everyone,everything, whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时,无论not的位置如何,皆表示不完全否定,意为“并非都”。
(2)no,none,no one,neither,nothing,nowhere等表示完全否定。
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幻灯片 40①All these books are not popular with people.
这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。
②None of us was allowed to go there.
我们全都不让去那里。
③Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.
我的一生中,印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。
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幻灯片 41④Not all my friends smoke. (句型转换)
= ___ my friends _____ smoke.
⑤Everyone is not here. (句型转换)
= ___ ________ is here.
All
don’t
Not everyone
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幻灯片 42【真题链接】
[2010江西,27]Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【解析】选C。句意:游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式,没有什么能比得上游泳了。根据句意可知,空格处需要一个表示完全否定意义的词,所以选用nothing。
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幻灯片 43【想一想】not除了和具有全部意义的一些不定代词或形容词连用表示部分否定外,还可以和哪些词连用表示部分否定?
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幻灯片 44【拓展延伸】表示部分否定的其他形式
not与always, altogether, completely, everywhere, entirely, totally, wholly等具有总括意义的副词连用时,皆表示部分否定。
A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.
有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。
It’s not altogether bad. 这并非完全不好。
I don’t wholly agree with him. 我并不完全同意他的看法。
注意:只要表示“全体”意义的词与否定词连用,都表示部分否定。
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幻灯片 45(1)shelter作名词表“掩蔽,避身处”,作动词多表示“遮挡,掩蔽”。
(2)judge及相关短语judging by/from的用法
(3)leave+宾语+宾语补足语
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幻灯片 461. ______ his happy look on the face, he must have passed the exam this time.
A. Judging from B. To judge from
C. Judged from D. Judge by
【解析】选A。Judging from为插入语结构,不受句子主语和语态限制,故正确答案只能选A。
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幻灯片 472. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left ______ .
A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying
C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied
【解析】选A。本题的选项处含有“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,分词和不定式都可作该结构的补足语;但据题意此处应为“使某人感到不满意”,故应用过去分词形式的形容词unsatisfied作补足语。
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幻灯片 483. 完成句子
①他们在一棵大树下避雨。
They took ______ from the rain under a big tree.
②墙壁遮挡着, 使我们免遭风吹。
The wall ________ us from the wind.
shelter
sheltered
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