幻灯片 1必修4 Units 1～2
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幻灯片 2话题之七——求职申请
三年1考
［2011辽宁］假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学
校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很
感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括下列要点：1. 年龄；
2. 学习情况及英语水平；3. 兴趣和特长；4. 性格特点。注
意：词数100左右。
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幻灯片 3Dear Sir/Madam, June 8
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. I have great interest in the position you advertised and it will be my great honor to work for you.
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幻灯片 4 I’m now 18 years old and will be graduating from Xinxing Foreign Language School this July. I have been studying hard in school and I am always among the top students in our school. Meanwhile, English is really my cup of tea and I am good at it. My spoken English is especially outstanding. In addition, I have learned some knowledge about computers and I can type very fast. In my spare time, I enjoy reading, which contributes to my writing good articles. I am very patient, and through many kinds of sports I developed my abilities to get along and cooperate with other people.
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幻灯片 5 In conclusion, I have the confidence that I am qualified for the position. I would appreciate it if you could give me this job. Thank you very much.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
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幻灯片 61. 本文为求职申请，为应用文写作考查范围，难度不大。
①第一段说明写求职申请的目的。
②第二段介绍自己的相关情况：年龄，学习情况，英语水平，兴趣特长和性格特点。
③第三段重申自己完全可以胜任所申请岗位，期待得到该岗位并表示感谢。
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幻灯片 72. 全文行文流畅，句式变化多样，用词高级而地道。
①高级词汇和短语：my cup of tea, outstanding, contribute to, cooperate, be qualified for, appreciate
②高级句型（虚拟语气）：I would appreciate it if you could give me this job.
③语篇过渡语：meanwhile, in addition, in conclusion
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幻灯片 8【佳作习得】一句多译
我英语水平不错。
1._____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ___________________
4. ________________________________
My English level is rather good.
English is really my cup of tea.
I am good at English.
My English is especially outstanding.
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幻灯片 9写作提升（二）——议论文
议论文是高考书面表达常考体裁，文章以议论为主，通过摆事实、讲道理等方法，对客观事物进行评述或议论，以阐明作者的观点与主张，说服别人。议论文在内容上必须有论点、论据和论证三要素，在结构上要有引子、正文和结论三部分。
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幻灯片 10 针对城市街道上出现的越来越多的宠物，21st Century Teens向你约稿，请你谈谈你校学生对“城市内是否可以饲养宠物”的看法。经过详细的问卷调查，你发现同学们对此态度泾渭分明：支持饲养宠物者认为宠物可以陪伴孤寡、空巢老人，可以……等；反对饲养动物者认为饲养宠物花费不菲，……
根据以上提示的部分问卷信息，请你适当增加信息内容，撰文介绍同学们的看法，并对此做出简要评论。
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幻灯片 11注意：1. 词数：100～120。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 内容丰富，行文连贯。
Recently we have carried out a detailed survey of whether people should keep pets in cities, ___________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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幻灯片 12【审题谋篇】
1. 本篇为议论文，为常见文体，目的为阐述学生们的两种观点，并对此做出简要评论。
2. 人称：第三人称与第一人称
3. 时态：一般现在时
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幻灯片 13 4. 写作要点：
①问卷调查内容简介
②支持方的观点及理由
③反对方的观点及理由
④个人评论及观点
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幻灯片 14【常用模板】
Ⅰ. 格式模板
开头：Recently we have carried out a survey of . . .
正文：The opinions among the students differ. Some think. . . because. . . The others think. . . because. . .
结尾: I like. . . I don’t think it is . . .
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幻灯片 15 Ⅱ. 句式模板
1. 做关于……的调查
①a survey of . . . be done
②carry out a survey of. . .
2. 持完全不同的观点
①hold entirely different ideas
②ideas completely/entirely differ among. . .
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幻灯片 16 3. 做某事是个好/坏主意
①It’s a good/bad idea to do sth.
②Doing sth. /To do sth. is a good/bad idea.
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幻灯片 17【尝试运用】
1. 我们做了一项关于“城市内是否可以饲养宠物”的调查，学生们看法泾渭分明。
We carried out a survey. The survey was about whether people should keep pets in cities. We students hold entirely different ideas. (将三句话合并为一句)
We carried out a survey of whether people should keep pets in cities, which shows we students hold entirely different ideas.
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幻灯片 18 2. 此外，与动物和睦相处可以使我们的生活充满乐趣。（翻译）
Besides, getting along well with animals will make our life interesting.
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幻灯片 19 3. 更糟糕的是，宠物发出太多噪音，使四邻不安，甚至有时会袭击人。
What’s worse, pets may make too much noise and it disturbs the neighbors and they even attack people sometimes. （用分词形式合并句子)
What’s worse, pets may make too much noise disturbing the neighbors and even attack people sometimes.
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幻灯片 20【佳文点睛】
Recently we have carried out a detailed survey of whether people should keep pets in cities，which shows we students hold entirely different ideas.
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幻灯片 21 Some students think it’s a good idea to keep pets because unaccompanied old people can get some comfort from pets. _______ , getting along well with animals will make our life interesting. ______________ , the other students are against the idea to raise pets in cities. ______________ , raising pets costs a large amount of money and it is bad for the environment. _____ _______ , pets may make too much noise disturbing the neighbors ___ even attack people sometimes.
Besides
On the contrary
In their opinion
is worse
and
What
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幻灯片 22 I like animals ___ I find it amazing to bond with pets such as dogs. I don’t think it is bad to keep pets at home even if we are in cities, ___ we must take some measures to prevent them from polluting our environment or causing other troubles.
and
but
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幻灯片 23 近来某报社对人们日常信息的来源进行了调查，请根据下面表格所示的调查结果给CCTV-9《英语新闻》栏目组写一封信。
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幻灯片 24注意：1. 描述出不同的看法和观点；
2. 词数：100～120；
3. 参考词汇：调查—survey；智力—intelligence；
生动的—vivid
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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幻灯片 25【参考范文】
Dear Editor，
We did a survey on how people get news.For most of us today, television is our main source of news.According to the survey on the ways of getting news, 72% of people watch TV, and only 12% read newspapers.
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幻灯片 26 Most people agree that TV presents more vivid pictures to the TV viewers.Besides, TV reports are very direct and brief.However, some people think the newspaper is a better source of news in many ways.First of all, newspapers can cover events in depth, and the reports include many details.Also, there is no time limit for reading a newspaper.In addition, readers use their brains to follow and get a news report, which helps improve their intelligence.
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幻灯片 27 In my opinion, watching TV is a better way to get news.
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幻灯片 28主谓一致
主谓一致有三个原则，即语法一致、意义一致和就近一致
原则，在高考试题中主要考查意义一致原则及时态与主谓一致
的综合考查。在复习备考时，考生应着重注意以下两个方面：
1. 了解主谓一致的三个原则；2. 牢记主谓一致的用法。
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幻灯片 291. ［2011湖南, 26］One-third of the country ______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ black people.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意：这个国家有三分之一的面积被森林覆盖，并且大多数公民是黑人。“分数词+of+名(代)词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于该名（代）词的单复数，所以第一空用is；the majority of the citizens后的谓语动词用复数, 所以第二个空用are。
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幻灯片 302. ［2011江苏, 22］The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A. suggest B. suggests
C. suggested D. suggesting
【解析】选B。考查主谓一致和时态。句意：仍然有那么多人在公共场所吸烟, 这样的事实表明我们或许需要一场全国性的运动来提高人们对吸烟危害的意识。分析句子结构可知，the fact后that引导的是同位语从句，空格后的that从句则是谓语动词suggest的宾语从句；主语是the fact，故排除A、D项；结合从句的时态可知主句要用现在时态，故选B项。
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幻灯片 313. ［2010湖南，33］Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【解析】选C。考查主谓一致和语态。句意：在摇滚演唱会上听超响的音乐已造成了一些青少年听力的丧失。由于caused后有宾语，故应该用主动语态，即可排除A、B。考虑到主语是动名词短语，所以谓语动词用单数。故选C。
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幻灯片 324. ［2010四川，15］Such poets as Shakespeare ______ widely read, of whose works, however, some ______ difficult to understand.
A. are; are B. is; is
C. are; is D. is; are
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。当“名词/代词+介词短语”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数通常取决于名词或代词的单复数，因此第一空的单复数取决于poets；非限制性定语从句的主语还原后是some of whose works，故选项A正确。
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幻灯片 335. ［2009湖南，33］Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
A. are B. is C. have D. be
【解析】选B。考查主谓一致。either. . . or. . . 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语单复数依据其最近的名词或代词确定。由于离谓语动词最近的是one of your students，故用is。
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幻灯片 346. ［2009陕西，7］Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ______ visit Beijing this summer.
A. is going to B. are going to
C. was going to D. were going to
【解析】选A。考查时态和主谓一致。依据时间状语this summer可知，这里应该用一般将来时, 当主语后有with, together with, as well as, but, except等词时，谓语动词跟介词（短语）之前的名词或代词的单复数一致，所以A项正确。
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幻灯片 357. ［2009江西，28］At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ______ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.
A. is B. are C. will be D. was
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意：目前，人们赞成建一座新机场的理由之一是它将给这个地区带来很多的就业机会。句中的in favor of the new airport是介词短语作后置定语，修饰arguments。根据句中的one of可知谓语动词用单数形式，再结合at present可判断用一般现在时。故A项正确。
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幻灯片 368. ［2008陕西，15］—Did you go to the show last night?
—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited.
A. were B. have been
C. has been D. was
【解析】选D。句意：——昨晚你去看演出了吗？——去了，这个地方的每一个人都被邀请了。主语是every boy and girl=every boy and every girl, 谓语动词用单数，又根据时间状语last night可知D项正确。
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幻灯片 37语法一致原则
单数
复数
单数
复数
The boy was struggling for a better life.
The students are working hard to go to college.
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幻灯片 38就近
一致
原则
由or, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but （also）. . . 等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致
①Either the shirts or the sweater is worth buying.
②Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.
由there, here引起的主语不止一个时
和最邻近的主语保持一致
There are two pencils and a pen on the desk.
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幻灯片 39意
义
一
致
原
则
由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现
单数
①The poet and writer has come.
②Truth and honesty is the best policy.
no/each/every/
many a+单数名
词+and（+no/
each/ every/many
a）+单数名词
Each boy and each girl has an apple.
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幻灯片 40意
义
一
致
原
则
one/every one/ each/either/the number+of/the variety of+复数名词
单数
The number of students from the north is small.
clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage等无生命的集体名词
Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.
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幻灯片 41意
义
一
致
原
则
以-s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词
单数
Politics is often a topic for discussion.
表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表达一个整体概念
Ten years is a moment in history.
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幻灯片 42意
义
一
致
原
则
由every-, any-, some-, no-和-one, -thing, -body等所构成的不定代词
单数
Is everybody here today?
动词-ing形式、动词不定式和名词性从句
①Persuading him to join us seems really hard.
②Whatever was left was taken away.
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幻灯片 43意
义
一
致
原
则
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
复数
A poet and a writer have come.
people, police, cattle等有生命的集体名词
People read for pleasure during their spare time.
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幻灯片 44意
义
一
致
原
则
一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods, stairs, arms等
复数
The goods are sold out.
山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以
-s结尾的专有名词
The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
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幻灯片 45意义
一致
原则
a number of/one or two/a variety of+名词
复数
A number of students are from the south.
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幻灯片 46意
义
一
致
原
则
集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, minority, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public, committee, government, majority, group等强调整体时谓语用单数，指个体成员时谓语用复数
单
复
数
视
情
况
而
定
①Our family has a reunion every year.
②His family are waiting for him.
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幻灯片 47意
义
一
致
原
则
单复数同形的名词，如means, works, deer, fish, sheep等
①Every means has been tried.
②All possible means have been tried.
all, none, some, any等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定
①All is going on very well.
②All are present besides the professor.
单
复
数
视
情
况
而
定
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幻灯片 48意
义
一
致
原
则
“half/most/enough/
part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语, 谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致
单复
数视
情况
而定
①About one third of the books are worth reading.
②Only 60 percent of the work has been done.
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幻灯片 491. what和whatever引导主语从句时谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定。
①What he says and does do not agree.
他言行不一致。
②What he says and does does not concern me.
他的言行与我无关。
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幻灯片 502. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但“one of+复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数，而在“the (only/very)one of+复数名词”后面所接的定语从句中，谓语动词却用单数。
①He is one of the students who have taken part in the activity.
他是参加过这个活动的学生之一。
②He is the only one of the students who has taken part in the activity.
他是惟一参加过这个活动的学生。
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幻灯片 513. 当主语后有介词with, together/along with, including, like, but, except, other than, rather than和as well as等时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
①The teacher as well as the students was excited at the news.
听到这个消息，老师和学生们都很激动。
②Nobody except my parents knows anything about it.
除了我父母之外，没有人知道这事。
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幻灯片 524. 由两部分构成的表示物体的名词，如trousers, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数，但是如果这类名词前用了a pair of/two(three)pairs of. . . 来修饰，谓语动词在数上要与pair 保持一致。
①These trousers need cleaning.
这些裤子需要洗。
②This pair of trousers is mine.
这条裤子是我的。
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幻灯片 535. a quantity of/ quantities of后既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词, 其谓语动词视情况而定。
With more forests being destroyed, a large quantity of good earth is being washed away each year. (=With more forests being destroyed , quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. )
随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，每年有大量的肥沃泥土被冲刷走了。
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幻灯片 546. 由“kind(form, type, sort, series)of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数。
①This new type of buses is now on show.
这种新型的公共汽车现在正在展出。
②All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.
必须克服各种各样的困难。
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幻灯片 557. 若用and连接两个动名词，不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式。
①Riding on the elephants and rowing the boats were the children’s favourite games.
②Getting up early and going to bed early is a good habit.
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幻灯片 561. ［2012郑州模拟］The writer and teacher Smith ______ through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.
A. have gone B. had gone C. went D. has gone
【解析】选D。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：既是作家又是教师的史密斯自从搬到悉尼经历了无数的成败。由句中since可知主句要用现在完成时，且主语表示史密斯身兼两职，故选D。
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幻灯片 572.［2012舟山模拟］Nowadays a large number of college students home and abroad________some part-time jobs in their spare time.
A.is doing B.does C.do D.did
【解析】选C。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如今许多国内外的大学生在他们的业余时间从事一些兼职工作。此处陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语为复数名词，故选C。
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幻灯片 583.［2012青岛模拟］The drunken driver, rather than the passers-by ______ for the traffic accident.
A. was to be blamed B. was to blame
C. were to blame D. were to be blamed
【解析】选B。考查主谓一致。此处主语为The drunken driver，排除C和D项，同时be to blame 是固定用法，表示“该由……承担责任”, 据此选B。
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幻灯片 594. ［2012温州模拟］A poet and artist ______ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【解析】选A。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：明天下午一位诗人兼艺术家要来和我们谈论中国文学和绘画。a poet and artist意为“一个诗人兼艺术家”，表示的是单数概念，故谓语动词要用单数；由句中的时间状语“tomorrow afternoon”可知选A。
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幻灯片 605. ［2012北京模拟］He spoke at the meeting and said that three years in high school ______ not long.
A. is B. are C. was D. been
【解析】选C。考查主谓一致。句意：他在会议上发言说高中三年并不长。表示时间、距离、温度等单位的名词作主语时往往被看作一个整体，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的谓语动词也应用相应的过去时。故选C。
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幻灯片 616. The teacher together with the students ______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America.
A. are; were B. is; were
C. are; was D. is; was
【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。A together with B作主语时谓语动词与A的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代Reading Skills, 由于Reading Skills是书名所以谓语动词用单数。
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幻灯片 627. When and where to build the new factory ______ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not been decided D. have not been decided
【解析】选C。考查主谓一致及时态。句意：什么时候在何处建新工厂还没有决定。对于决定来说，是被动的，而“when and where”是一个整体含义。谓语动词用单数，且有yet应用完成时态。故选C。
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幻灯片 638. ［2012合肥模拟］All but one ______ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。句意：刚才除了一人之外所有人都在这里。由just now 可知是一般过去时；but 连接两个主语，中心主语是前面的all；而all指人时其谓语动词用复数，故选D。
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幻灯片 649. ［2012潍坊模拟］The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1990.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
【解析】选C。考查主谓一致。句意：自1990年以来，上中国大学的外国学生数量在稳步上升。主语是the number of+复数名词，故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since 1990 , 所以用完成时态。
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幻灯片 6510.［2012丽水模拟］—What does Canada export?
—A large quantity of wheat______sent away.
A.is B.are C.have D.is being
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致及时态。句意：——加拿大出口什么？——大量的小麦。“a quantity of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数，结合语意，应用一般现在时的被动语态。
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幻灯片 6611. As a result of the earthquake, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ______ .
A. need repairing B. needs repairing
C. needs to be repaired D. needs to repair
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。need表示“需要”时，后面接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，或接不定式的被动语态，即need doing 或need to be done。当分数+of+名词作主语时，一般应根据of后的名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。根据“the buildings”可知应用need。因此A项正确。
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幻灯片 6712. ［2012重庆模拟］It is reported that many a new house ______ at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built B. were being built
C. was being built D. is being built
【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。句意：据报道现在在灾区正在建许多新房屋。由at present可知用现在进行时，many a +单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故选D。
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幻灯片 6813. The Olympic Games in the year 2012 ______ in London, which ______ known to us all.
A. is to hold; are B. is to be held; was
C. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is
【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。句意：众所周知，2012年奥运会要在伦敦举行。按计划、安排将要发生的事用be to do sth. 。主语为the Olympic Games, 谓语动词用复数，而且应该用被动语态。
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幻灯片 6914. ［2012石家庄模拟］Mom used only half of the money, the rest of which ______ saved for other purposes.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【解析】选C。考查主谓一致。句意：妈妈仅用了一半的钱，其余的节省下来干其他的事。which指代money, 故谓语动词用单数；结合主句中的used可知应该使用was。
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幻灯片 7015. Joe, as well as Ann ______ bound to find nobody there, for the staff ______ gone for their lunch.
A. is; have B. is; has
C. are; have D. are; has
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意：不仅安而且乔一定在那儿找不到人，因为职工都去吃午饭了。as well as 在连接名词作主语时，谓语动词和第一个名词的单复数保持一致，故用is；the staff此处指职工，谓语动词应该用复数。
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幻灯片 7116. —Each of the students working hard at their lessons ______ the book.
—So have I.
A. is reading B. has read
C. read D. reads
【解析】选B。考查主谓一致。句意：——努力学习功课的每一个学生都读过这本书。——我也读过。each of +名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，由so have I可知应该用现在完成时。
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幻灯片 7217. ［2012抚州模拟］More than one ______ the people heart and soul.
A. official has served B. officials have served
C. official has served for D. officials have served for
【解析】选A 。考查主谓一致。句意：全心全意为人民服务的官员不止一个。more than one+单数可数名词后跟动词的第三人称单数形式。serve此处为及物动词。
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幻灯片 7318. ［2012西安模拟］The number of the people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons.
A. are; is B. is; are C. is; is D. are; are
【解析】选B。考查主谓一致。句意：被邀请的人数是50人，但由于各种原因，许多人缺席了。The number of. . . ……的数量，作主语时谓语动词用单数，a number of. . . 若干, 后跟名词作主语时谓语动词用复数。
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幻灯片 7419. Part of the family ______ out on holiday．They are supposed to be back at the end of this month．
A．is B．are C．was D．were
【解析】选B。考查主谓一致。句意：部分家庭成员外出度假了。预计他们月底回来。family此处指家庭成员，因此用复数形式，结合下句可知，应该使用一般现在时。
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幻灯片 7520. —We’d like a double room, please．
—I’m sorry．All but one single room with sea view ______ ．
A．have been reserved B．were reserved
C．has been reserved D．was reserved
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意：——我们想要一个双人间。——很抱歉。除了能看海的单人间外，所有的房间都预订完了。but 连接两个主语，中心主语是前面的那个；而all指所有的房间故其谓语动词用复数。根据句意可知用现在完成时的被动语态。
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