幻灯片 1Unit 3 The meaning of colour Unit 4 Behind beliefs ---- 幻灯片 2Ⅰ. 单词盘点 核心速记 1. ___________(adj. ) 根本的；十分重大的；基础的 2. ______(vt. ) 废除，废止(法律、制度、习俗等) 3. _________(vt. ) 象征；代表 4. ____(n. ) 比率；速度 (vt. &vi) 评估；划分等级 5. ___________(vi. &n. ) 妥协，让步 fundamental abolish symbolize rate compromise ---- 幻灯片 36. _________(vt. &vi) 替换；替代 (n. ) 替代者；替代品 7. _____(adj. ) 一定会；受……约束(而必须做某事) 8. __________(n. ) 职业；工作；侵占，占领 9. _________(adj. ) 一致的；始终如一的；连续的 10. _________(vt. ) 强调；突出；加下划线 11.______(vt. ) 击打；撞击；攻击；罢工 12. ________(adj. ) 彻底的；完全的；细致的，深入的 13. _______(n. ) 负担；重担；重负 14. ______(vt. &vi) 递送，运送；发表(演讲)，宣布 substitute bound occupation consistent underline strike thorough burden deliver ---- 幻灯片 4联想串记 15. _______ (n. )平等，均等→_____ (adj. )相等的，均等的；胜任的(n. ) (地位等)相同的人; 相等的事物; 相等的数量(v. )等于；敌得过 16. ______(vi. )反对，不赞成→________ (n. )反对 17. __________ (n. )分离；隔离→________ (vt. )分隔；使分离 18. ______ (vi. & vt. )顺从；投降；提交→__________(n. )服从；屈服；提交 19. _________ (n. )相似点，相像处；相似性→_______ (adj. )相似的，类似的 equality equal object objection separation separate submit submission similar similarity ---- 幻灯片 520. ________ (n. )雄心，抱负；野心→_________(adj. )有抱负的；野心勃勃的 21. _______ (n. )谨慎，慎重；告诫→________ (adj. )小心的，谨慎的 22. _________(adv. )经常，频繁地→________(adj. )经常的，频繁的 23. _______(vt. &vi. )(使)缩短→_____(adj. )短的 ambition ambitious caution cautious frequently frequent shorten short ---- 幻灯片 6Ⅱ. 短语互译 1. at random ___________ 2. object to _____ 3. have a link with _____________ 4. split off from ___________ 5. catch on _____________ 6. count on ___________ 7. hire oneself out _______________ 随机，随意 反对 与……有联系 脱离，分离 受欢迎，流行 依靠；依赖 打工，受雇于人 ---- 幻灯片 78. 代表，象征 ________ 9. 向……致敬 __________ 10. 追溯到，始于 ____________________ 11. 随心所欲 ____________ 12. 为纪念；为庆贺 ___________ 13. 围绕，以……为中心 _____________________________ 14. 不久，过一会儿 _________ stand for in salute to date back to/date from get one’s way in honour of be centred around/centre around by and by ---- 幻灯片 8Ⅲ. 句型透视 1. 过去分词作原因状语的用法 ____________________________(受革命的加强), France became a different country. 2. while 作并列连词的用法 Blue stands for liberty and justice, _____________________ ________________(而白色代表和平和诚实). 3. it作形式主语的用法 Due to this reason, _____________(是传统的) for Chinese brides to wear a red wedding dress. Strengthened by the Revolution while white represents peace and honesty it is traditional ---- 幻灯片 94. the next time引导的时间状语从句 Therefore, ________________________________(下一次你选服装时)，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear. 5. 地点状语置于句首引导完全倒装 _____________________________________________________ (庭院两侧有许多不同的殿堂)for praying and chanting, receiving guests, and rooms where the monks live. the next time you choose your clothes On both sides of the courtyard are a number of different halls ---- 幻灯片 10Ⅳ. 语篇完形 Today, every independent country has a flag that gives it a unique 1.________. The French flag was first used at the start of the French Revolution. The colours red, blue and white on the flag remind us 2. __ the motto of the Revolution. Red symbolizes the bravery, revolution, strength and blood of the French. Blue 3. ______ for liberty and justice, 4. _____ white represents peace and honesty. identity of stands while ---- 幻灯片 11 The USA flag is also a 5.________of revolution. The colours red, white and blue, 6. _____ with the stars and stripes all represent different things. The thirteen stripes are to remind people of the thirteen colonies 7. __________ joined together to fight for independence. The Indonesian flag became 8. ______ in 1945, which is made up of a red band over a white one, is 9. _____ on a national flag 10. ______back to the 13th century. symbol along that/which official based dating ---- 幻灯片 121. 选用框中词汇完成句子 abolish, symbolize, consistent, at random, stand for (1) These actions are _________ with his principles. (2)The second parent is picked _________from the parent population. (3) They also _________ the love, joy, and laughter we share together. (4) But what does it ________? (5) People cannot bear the tax, so it should be _________. consistent at random symbolize stand for abolished ---- 幻灯片 132. 选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子 (1)由于受伤严重，只好把他送往医院。 __________________________________________ (2)儿子正在家里吃丰盛的饭菜，而父母却在田里辛勤劳作。 _________________________________________________________________________________ (3)掌握计算机技能是十分重要的。 ______________________________________________ Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital. The son was having a good meal at home, while the parents were working hard in the fields. It is very important to master the skills of computers. ---- 幻灯片 14(4)下一次去北京时，别忘了告诉我。 _______________________________________________ (5)演讲厅的前面坐着一位教授。 ________________________________________ The next time you go to Beijing, don’t forget to tell me. In the front of the lecture hall sits a professor. ---- 幻灯片 15---- 幻灯片 161. object vi. 反对，不赞成 (1)object to sb. /sth. 反对；不赞成某人/某事 object to (sb. ) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事 object that 反对…… (2)object n. 物体；目标；宾语 objection n. 反对 objective adj. 客观的 ---- 幻灯片 17①I object that he was too young for the job. 我反对说他太年轻，不适合这份工作。 ②There were several objects on the floor of the room. 房间地板上有几样东西。 ③I feel a strong objection to getting up early. 我极其不愿意早起。 ④I have an objection to such treatment. (句型转换) =I ______ __such treatment. object to ---- 幻灯片 18【点津】object表示“反对”时，为不及物动词，加宾语时需要加介词to，而oppose表示“反对”时，为及物动词，可以直接加宾语。 ---- 幻灯片 19【高考链接】 (2011·江西高考)What’s the ______, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself? A. sympathy B. theme C. object D. point 【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意：你认为如果他没有付出努力去帮助自己而(我们)去帮助他有什么意义？sympathy同情；theme主题；object物体；point意义。 ---- 幻灯片 202. compromise vi. &n. 妥协，让步 ①Talks continue in the hope that the two factions will reach a compromise. 谈判继续进行，以期两派能达成妥协。 ②Everyone has to be prepared to make a compromise. 每个人都必须准备做出让步。 ---- 幻灯片 21③We managed to compromise on the price for the car. 我们终于就汽车的价格达成妥协。 ④Can’t you boys compromise with each other? Play football this morning and tennis this afternoon. 你们男孩难道不能各让一步吗？今天上午踢足球，下午打网球。 ---- 幻灯片 22【归纳】写出下列短语 __________________ 达成妥协 __________________ 做出让步 _________________ 以折衷方式解决…… __________________ 与某人和解/妥协 reach a compromise make a compromise compromise on sth. compromise with sb. ---- 幻灯片 233. submit vi. &vt. 顺从；投降； 提交；提议，主张，认为 submit (oneself) to. . . 服从……，顺从…… submit sth. to. . . 向……提交…… submit+that从句 认为……，主张…… ---- 幻灯片 24①I was unwilling to ______ __ his orders. 我不愿意服从他的命令。 ②He _________ the report on the matter __the committee. 他向委员会提交了关于那件事情的报告。 ③I would submit that most of us do this at some time or another. 我必须承认我们当中的大多数人都会偶尔产生这样的念头。 ④(2011·北京高考)You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time. 同时你可以随便将这篇文章提交到其他地方。 submit to submitted to ---- 幻灯片 254. similarity n. 相似点，相像处；相似性 similar adj. 相似的，类似的 be similar to 类似于，与……相似 be similar in 在……方面相似 ---- 幻灯片 26①Do religion and politics have something in common that explains this similarity? 宗教和政治方面的某些相同点是否解释了这种相似性呢？ ②My opinions are similar to his. 我的意见跟他的相似。 ③The two cars are very similar in size and design. 这两辆汽车大小和设计都非常相似。 ---- 幻灯片 27【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空 similar same ---- 幻灯片 285. ambition n. 雄心, 抱负；野心；企图 (1)be full of ambition 野心勃勃 achieve one’s ambition 实现某人的夙愿 (2)ambitious adj. 有抱负的；野心勃勃的 be ambitious to do sth. 一心想做某事 ---- 幻灯片 29①Her ambition was to be a famous singer. 她的理想是成为一名著名的歌唱家。 ②He then attempted something more ambitious, a novel of 200, 000 words. 接着他试图写一部更大的作品，一本二十万字的长篇小说。 ③Her son ____ _________ __ _______ a great inventor. 她儿子一心想成为一名伟大的发明家。 【点津】ambition指抱负，雄心，野心时为不可数名词；指追求的目标时为可数名词。 was ambitious to become ---- 幻灯片 30④He wanted to dominate the small country with ambitions. (改错) 答案：_____________________ ambitions改为ambition ---- 幻灯片 316. caution n. 谨慎，慎重；告诫 (1) with caution 小心地 give sb. a caution 告诫某人 (2)cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的 be cautious about/with 对……谨慎 be cautious of 谨防……，当心…… be cautious to do sth. 小心做某事 ---- 幻灯片 32①Statistics should be treated with caution. 对待统计数字要谨慎。 ②The doctor gave me a caution about fat in my diet. 医生警告我饮食中的脂肪含量。 ③The old lady is very cautious with money. 那位老太太对钱很谨慎。 ④He __ ________ ___ __ ___ secrets. 他很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。 is cautious not to tell ---- 幻灯片 337. strike vt. 击打；撞击；攻击；罢工；(雷电、暴风雨等)袭 击；打动(某人的心)，给予……印象；划火柴，敲钟 n. 罢工，攻击，殴打 ①He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他气得用拳头砸桌子。 ②The visitors were struck by the beauty of the tourist area. 游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。 ---- 幻灯片 34③It struck me that he had been lying to me. 我突然意识到他一直在对我说谎。 ④They were on strike for higher pays. 他们在为争取更高的薪水而罢工。 ---- 幻灯片 35【归纳】写出下列短语 _______________ 用……敲打…… ___________ 被……打动 _________________ 某人突然意识到/想起 ___________ 在罢工 strike. . . with. . . be struck by It strikes sb. that. . . be on strike ---- 幻灯片 36【助记】 多面的strike ---- 幻灯片 37【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空 ---- 幻灯片 38⑤Tom ______ me on my shoulder, reminding me of someone ________ on the window and I found the rain was _______ against the window and that a car ___ a tree by the road and that a girl ______ by a car was crying for help beside the window. tapped knocking beating hit struck ---- 幻灯片 398. burden n. 负担，重担，重负 ①He shoulders/bears/carries a heavy burden of supporting the big family. 他担负着支撑整个大家庭的重任。 ②She didn’t want to be a burden to/on her family because of her illness. 她不想因为自己的病成为家人的负担。 ③Listen to your conscience, but, don’t be too hard on yourself and are burdened with guilt. 倾听自己的良心，但是，不要对自己太苛刻和带着内疚地感到负担。 ---- 幻灯片 40【归纳】 __________________ a burden of 担负……重任 the burden __ sth. ……的负担 a burden _____ sb. 加在某人身上的负担 be burdened ____ 担负…… bear/carry/shoulder of to/on with ---- 幻灯片 419. deliver vt. &vi. 递送，运送；发表(演讲), 宣布；接生 观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义 ①But the question was how to deliver it to Tom fast. ( ) ②The headmaster delivered a speech at the meeting yesterday. ( ) ③Lin Qiaozhi had ever delivered 50, 000 babies safely. ( ) 递送 发表 接生 ---- 幻灯片 42【熟词生义】读句子猜含义 He has promised to finish the job by June and I am sure he will deliver. ( ) 履行诺言 ---- 幻灯片 43【助记】 ---- 幻灯片 4410. date back to追溯到, 始于 ①This church dates back to the 13th century. 这座教堂可以追溯到13世纪。 ②My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays. (句型转换) =My interest in stamp collecting _____ _____ my schooldays. 我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。 dates from ---- 幻灯片 45【点津】date back to=date from，多用于一般现在时态，且无被动语态。 【拓展】翻译下列短语 make a date with sb. ___________ up to date _______ out of date _______ to date=so far=up to now _________________ 与某人约会 现代的 过时的 迄今；到目前为止 ---- 幻灯片 4611. by and by 不久；过一会儿 ①Jack said he would do his homework by and by. 杰克说他过一会儿就做功课。 ②By and by he neglected the passage of time. 渐渐地他就忽略了时间的流逝。 ---- 幻灯片 47【拓展】翻译下列短语 by and large _________________ by accident ___________ by chance _____________ by air _______ 大体上；总体来说 偶然；碰巧 偶然；意外地 乘飞机 ---- 幻灯片 4812. Strengthened by the Revolution, France became a different country. 大革命使法国变得强大，成为一个与众不同的国家。 ---- 幻灯片 49(1)句中过去分词短语strengthened by the Revolution作原因状语。 (2)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等，表示被动与完成。使用时应注意： (a)过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致(某些独立成分如generally speaking除外) (b)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语为被动与完成关系。 ---- 幻灯片 50①Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 那个邮递员被狗咬了两次后，他拒绝给我们家送信，除非我们把狗拴起来。 ②Given a wrong number, I couldn’t contact him over phone. 因为(被)给错了号码，所以我没能够通过电话联系上他。 ③Given a chance, we can surprise the world. (句型转换) =__ ___ ___ _____ __ ______, we can surprise the world. If we are given a chance ---- 幻灯片 51【高考链接】 (2012·北京高考) ______with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果小心使用，一罐可以持续六周。非谓语动词use和逻辑主语one tin之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。 ---- 幻灯片 52【想一想】分词作状语是高考的重点，动脑想一想，何时使用现在分词，何时使用过去分词？ 【参考答案】 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。如果分词和句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，就使用现在分词；如果分词和句子主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，则使用过去分词。 ---- 幻灯片 53例如： Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路的时候小心一点。 Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. 虽然被告诉过好多次了，但他仍然重复犯同样的错误。 Caught cheating, Tom failed the exam. 汤姆因被发现作弊而没通过这次考试。 ---- 幻灯片 5413. Due to this reason, it is traditional for Chinese brides to wear a red wedding dress. 由于这个原因，传统上中国新娘穿红色的结婚礼服。 it 作形式主语的句型： (1)It takes sb. some time to do sth. (2)It+be+adj. +to do/that-clause 常用的形容词有 possible, necessary, important, strange, natural等。 ---- 幻灯片 55(3)It+be+n. +to do/that-clause 常用的名词有 a pity, an honour, a shame, one’s duty, a wonder等。 (4)It+be+adj. /n. +doing sth. 常用于此句型的名词和形容词有 no good, no use, useless等。 (5)It+be+过去分词+that-clause 常用于本句型的过去分词有said, announced, believed, reported, known, hoped等。 ---- 幻灯片 56①It is very important to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语非常重要。 ②It was really surprising that she married a man like that. 她嫁给那样的男人真让人惊讶。 ③It’s no use/useless persuading him to stop smoking. 说服他戒烟是没有用的。 ④__ __ ________ ____ China will become one of the strongest countries in the world. 大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。 It is believed that ---- 幻灯片 57【想一想】 it除了可以作形式主语外，还可以作形式宾语，请举例说明其用法。 【参考答案】 当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 ---- 幻灯片 58下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语： ①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等)； They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. 他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。 ②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句； I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。 ---- 幻灯片 59③that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语； You may depend on it that we shall always help you. 你尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。 ④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。 I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it. 我让你自己判断这事是否该做。 ---- 幻灯片 6014. Therefore, the next time you choose your clothes, you should think more carefully about what colours to wear. 因此，下一次你选服装时，你考虑你的衣服颜色时应该更为细心。 ---- 幻灯片 61(1)句中the next time 引导时间状语从句，意为“下一次”。 (2)类似这样的名词词组充当连词的还有：each time(每次)，the last time(最后一次)，the first time(第一次)，the minute/instant/moment(一……就……)，by the time (到……时候)等。 (3)副词instantly, immediately, directly等也可引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。 ---- 幻灯片 62①(2012·福建高考)The next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you’ll understand why. 下一次在电影院当别人一咳嗽你也想咳嗽的时候，你可能会理解为什么。 ②Every time I catch a cold, I have pains in my back. 我每次感冒背就痛。 ③____ ____ ____ I met her, she was picking cotton in the field. 我最后一次见到她时，她正在地里摘棉花。 The last time ---- 幻灯片 63④Immediately he turned up at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters. (句型转换) =________ _______ up at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters. 【点津】在由以上名词短语或副词引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时态，则从句多用一般现在时态表示将来。 On/Upon turning ---- 幻灯片 64 1. random n. &adj. 随机，随意 at random 随机, 随意 randomly adv. 随意地；任意地 ①The information is processed in a random order. 信息是按随机顺序处理的。 ②The winning numbers are randomly selected by computer. 获奖号码是由电脑随机选取的。 ③Names were chosen __ _______ from a list. 名字是从名单中随意选的。 at random at random ---- 幻灯片 652. rate n. 比率；速度 vt. &vi. 评估；划分等级 ①How do you rate our chances of success? 你估计我们成功的可能性有多大？ ②The car was going at the rate of 60 miles an hour. 汽车以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。 ---- 幻灯片 66【拓展】翻译下列短语 at the rate of _____________ at any rate _________ the birth rate _______ rate sb. highly _____________ 以……的速度 无论如何 出生率 对某人评价高 ---- 幻灯片 67Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Each week he writes an article about someone _________ (random) chosen out of the phone book. 2. In this picture the tree __________ (symbolize) life while the snake stands for the evil. 3. Progress was slow, and many residents ________ (object) to new sites. 4. I suspect most of us will have _______ (similarity) views. randomly symbolizes objected similar ---- 幻灯片 685. It will be extremely ____________(disappoint) if this does not happen. 6. And do not be afraid to be _________ (ambition) when you set these goals! 7. Note that, here, the lifeline name is __________ (underline). 8. The actor needed to be prompted _________ (frequent). disappointing ambitious underlined frequently ---- 幻灯片 69Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. This issue, __________(无论如何), will have to be faced. 2. _____________________(如果她不反对) it, why should we? 3. She ________________________(不向威胁低头). 4. But Joseph had prepared to ___________________(不妥协). 5. ___________(我忽然想起) that I had left my little son at home. at any rate If she does not object to refused to submit to threats make no compromise It struck me ---- 幻灯片 706. So ___________________(不要指望他们) to change their minds when the facts change. 7. _________________________(下一次你来这里的时候), I will take you to Beijing. 8. _________________(从远处看), the village looks more beautiful. do not count on them The next time you come here Seen in the distance ---- 幻灯片 71Ⅲ. 话题写作 先将下面几个句子翻译成英语，然后连成一段小短文。 1. 每次到我们村子的时候，你就会被一座老庙吸引，这 是我们村特色的象征。(symbolize) 2. 据说该庙始于清朝时期，对于它的由来，众说纷纭。(date, consistent) 3. 该庙虽然状况差，但每天都有许多老人来这里为那些在外打工的年轻人祈福。(hire oneself out) ---- 幻灯片 72 4. 在庙里，你必须举止得体，任何人都不能随意做与祈祷无关的事情。(get one’s way) 5. 我们知道，这种特殊的风俗与现代文明是相悖的，村委会曾经提出废除它，但遭到村民的强烈反对。(abolish, object) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ---- 幻灯片 73【参考范文】 Every time you come to our village, you’ll be attracted by an old temple, which symbolizes the special character of the village. It’s said that the temple dates back to the Qing Dynasty and the opinions about its origin are not always consistent. Though it is in bad condition, there are often some old people coming here to pray for the young every day, most of whom have hired themselves out. There you should behave yourself and anyone cannot get his way to do things not related to praying. ---- 幻灯片 74 As we know, the special custom is against the modern civilization, so the village committee wanted to abolish it, which was objected to strongly by the villagers. ---- 幻灯片 75----
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