2013高考英语（遵义市）阅读理解（9）（答案）
科普知识型阅读理解(一)
新闻报道类[2012·全国卷Ⅱ]
ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia—One of the world's most famous fossils(化石)—the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974—will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a_replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U．S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
“Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world，” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U．S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not yet been worked out.
Traveling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.
Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3 1/2-foot-tall ape-man(猿人)．
53．The author writes this text mainly to ________.
A．introduce a few U．S. museums
B．describe some research work
C．discuss the value of an ape-man
D．report a coming event
54．What do the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A painting of the skeleton.
B．A photograph of Lucy.
C．A copy of the skeleton.
D．A written record of Lucy.
55．How many cities has Lucy's U．S. tour plan already included?
A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Eleven.
56．What was the skeleton named after?
A．An ape-man. B．A song.
C．A singer. D．A camp.
【要点综述】本文主要介绍了科学家1974年在埃塞俄比亚发现的露西化石，露西生活的年代是320万年之前，是目前世界上最重要的古人类化石之一。而这个化石将在美国一些城市进行展览。
53. D 作者意图题。 根据第一段的“ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia…will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.”可知这是一篇新闻报道，报道即将发生的事情，因此选D。A“介绍美国的几家博物馆”；B“介绍几项研究工作”；C“讨论猿人的价值”；均与作者的意图不符。
54. C 指代题。结合第二段的“while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom”中的real，可知这个词的含义是“复制品”。A“骨骼的绘画”；B“露西的照片”；D“露西的书面记录”，均与上下文语境不符。
55. B 推理判断题。从文章的“The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago.”提到了四个城市，再结合前面的“…which will start in Houston next September.”可知是五个城市。
56. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话“Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery”可知露西的名字来源于一首披头士乐队的歌曲，故选B。A“猿人”；C“歌手”；D“营地”；均与原文信息不符。
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(一)
When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy-efficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks. But it was the boxfish (盒子鱼)that interested them.
“We were surprised when this clumsy-looking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic (空气动力学的)car”，says Thomas Weber. He is the research and development chief for the car company Daimler. An aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency.
The boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop，back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. And it does all this using surprisingly little energy. Daimler’s bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fish’s boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system. Like the fish, the car is fast and drives easily. It’s efficient too.
The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry (生物仿生). Biologist Janine Benyus came up with the term. As co-founder of the Biomimicry Guild, she has worked with cereal companies，sneaker designers and others to develop products based on Nature’s best ideas.
This month，the Nature’s 100 Best List will be revealed at the World Conservation Congress (代表大会)in Barcelona，Spain. Benyus co-authored the list of nature-inspired designs with economist Gunter Pauli.
In Zimbabwe，a country in southern Africa，engineers designed energy-efficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆). The buildings use vents (孔) to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool.
A company in Atlanta，US，developed a self-cleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花)leaf. When the paint dries，it becomes bumpy (不平的)，just like the lotus leaf. Rain drops form on the bumps and roll off，carrying dirt along with them.
Nature has done billions of years of research. Only the best-designed products have survived. Companies owe Mother Nature a debt for all that hard work，says Benyus.
For scientists and inventors, the possibilities for copying nature are limitless. Technology may never be as efficient as nature, or as colorful. But that doesn’t mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us. Take a walk outside. Watch a squirrel climb up a tree. Look closely at the veins (纹理)of a leaf. Hear the birds chirping in the trees. Such small details may help solve big problems in the future.
( )6.Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A． In America a self-cleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower.
B． Zimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems.
C． After the boxfish，many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature.
D． Nature is a good source to turn to for improving technology.
( )7.The clumsy-looking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons EXCEPT that________.
A． it swims using little energy
B． being boxy, it looks quite like a car
C． some engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water
D． it is a speedy swimmer
( )8.Why did top engineers in Germany go to the natural history museum?
A． They wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely.
B． They wanted to carry out a research of boxfish and dolphins.
C． They wanted to search for a model to base on for building a more-efficient car.
D． They wanted to study the science of survival.
( )9.We can infer all of the following from the passage EXCEPT ________.
A． it is believed that the creation of the airplane might have originated from the bird flying in the sky
B． the atmosphere on the earth cannot be transferred into the original idea
C． dolphins and sharks may become the source of scientists，inventions or creations
D． if you observe and explore nature，you may make great discoveries or become great inventors
( )10.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A． How Daimler’s bionic car came into being.
B． Nature has inspired a lot of inventions and will continue to.
C． Scientists and inventors’ contribution to modern industry comes from nature.
D． The Nature’s 100 Best List.
(一)
本文为科普说明文，主要介绍在生物仿生学上的一些运用实例。
6．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可推断大自然是开发技术的源泉，故选D。A项不符合A company in Atlanta, US, developed a self-cleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花) leaf；B项不符合In Zimbabwe, a country in southern Africa, engineers designed energy-efficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆)；C项文章未提及。
7．C 细节理解题。选项中A、B、D三项均符合第三段The boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop, back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. And it does all this using surprisingly little energy. Daimler’s bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fish’s boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system.唯有C项不符合文意，故选C。
8．C 细节理解题。根据第一段When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy-efficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.可判断选C。
9．B 推理判断题。本文主要介绍在生物仿生学上的一些运用实例，从而说明大自然是开发技术的源泉。A、C和D三项都符合生物仿生的道理，而B项无法从文中推断出来，故选B。
10．B 主旨大意题。本文先是介绍生物仿生学的一些实际应用，而后在最后一段深化主题：大自然已经激发了很多发明，但我们仍需继续向大自然学习，故选B。
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