阶段评估检测(二)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1．They got up very early that morning ________ they wouldn't miss the first bus.
A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though
2．Yi Siling was the first Chinese athlete ________ the gold medal in the London Olympic Games.
A．winning B．to win C．wins D．won
3．Alice said that she saw two strange people ________ in her neighbor's house at 9 o'clock yesterday, so she reported it to the police.
A．steal B．to steal C．stole D．stealing
4．Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________ to the well-educated.
A．belongs B．is belonged C．is belonging D．will be belonged
5．It is reported that the family who got lost in the valley ________with the help of the local police recently.
A．was found B．had been found
C．have been found D．has been found
6．This new model of car is so expensive that it is ________ the reach of those with average incomes.
A．over B．within C．beyond D．below
7．He agrees with us. In other words, his opinion is ________ to ours.
A．similar B．common C．popular D．the same
8．Disney, ________money was now no problem, started a new film company.
A．for whose B．for whom C．for which D．to which
9．—Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
—Really? She ________ the 9：00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train.
A．could have taken B．should take
C．must have taken D．can take
10．He realized that she was crying ________ what he said.
A．because B．because of C．as D．since
11．Jennifer is always absent from school, ________ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then.
A．which B．who C．that D．what
12．—What can I do for you, sir?
—I'd like to see the manager ________ of sales department.
A．in the charge B．under charge C．in charge D．is in charge
13．Put everything ________to you in your bag, not others.
A．belongs B．belonged C．belonging D．to belong
14．If you stand on ________ high floor, you'll get ________ better view.
A．/; the B．/; a C．the; a D．the; the
15．Great attention must be paid ________ welfare, especially in the poor area.
A．develop B．to develop C．to developing D．developing
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
He was driving home one cold evening on a country road when he saw an old lady, stranded on the side of the road. He stopped to give her a __16__. “Why don't you wait in the car where it is warm, Madam? It won't take me long.” He said, “__17__，my name is Joe.”
She had a flat tire. Joe crawled under the car and changed the tire. But he got dirty and his hands hurt. She couldn't thank him __18__ and asked him how much she __19__ him. He told her that if she really wanted to __20__ him back, the next time she saw someone in __21__ of help, she could give that person the __22__ he needed, and Joe added, “And think of me.”
She drove off with gratefulness. A few miles __23__ the road the lady saw a small __24__. She went in. The waitress who was nearly eight months pregnant, __25__ her with a sweet smile. The old lady __26__ how someone like her who seemed so poor could be so genuinely happy and how she could __27__ her enthusiasm in her work in such inconvenient conditions. Then Joe's words __28__ her. After the lady finished her meal, the waitress went to get her __29__ from a hundred-dollar bill. __30__， the lady stepped right out of the door.
When the waitress came back, she noticed a note on the table, __31__ “I'm helping you because someone once helped me. If you really want to pay me back, here is __32__ you can do—Do not let the chain of love __33__ with you.”
The waitress went home that night with the __34__ tip and what the lady had written. With the baby __35__ next month, she and her husband needed money. She knew how worried her husband was and as he lay sleeping next to her, she whispered, “Everything's going to be all right. I love you, Joe.”
16．A.surprise B．hand C．sympathy D．glance
17．A.Just in case B．As you wish C．For one thing D．By the way
18．A.enough B．right C．straight D．extra
19．A.charged B．provided C．owed D．offered
20．A.pay B．bring C．put D．hold
21．A.honor B．favor C．need D．possession
22．A.guidance B．assistance C．acquaintance D．consequence
23．A.down B．off C．beside D．beyond
24．A.bank B．grocery C．gas station D．restaurant
25．A.introduced B．greeted C．identified D．spotted
26．A.thought B．suspected C．wondered D．questioned
27．A.taste B．measure C．remain D．maintain
28．A.struck B．moved C．obtained D．reminded
29．A.tip B．change C．order D．service
30．A.Moreover B．Otherwise C．However D．Eventually
31．A.writing B．showing C．going D．saying
32．A.how B．which C．what D．whether
33．A.combine B．end C．disagree D．deal
34．A.honest B．generous C．modest D．graceful
35．A.due B．ready C．born D．likely
第二部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Running like the wind, roaring like thunder, tigers have long been feared and respected as a king of the animal world. But last week a report said that there are no more than 30 wild tigers left in South China.
This was the conclusion of a team of scientists from China's State Forestry Administration and the World Nature Fund.
The South China tiger, also known as the Chinese tiger, is native to southern China. In the 1950's, there were over 4，000 tigers found in mountain forests in the country. But due to the destruction of their natural habitat and uncontrolled hunting, it has been pushed on to the list of the world's top ten most endangered species.
Sixty-six of the big cats can be found in the cages of a dozen zoos around China. But they are nothing like their wild cousins. They have lost their natural skills such as hunting and killing. If they were set free they could not look after themselves.
“Breeding has damaged the quality of the species，” said Pei Enle, deputy director of the Shanghai Zoo.
To reintroduce the species into the wild, the country started a programme to send five to ten young tigers to South Africa. Four of them have already arrived. Progress has been made as two elder tigers have recovered some of their instincts(本能)and can hunt wild animals by themselves at the African base.
“South Africans are very experienced in reintroducing big animals to the wild. The country has very good natural conditions for the tigers to learn in，” said Lu Jun, office director of the National Wildlife Research and Development Center. “We tried in Fujian Province, but it was not successful as there was not a complete eco-chain(生物链) and there was a lack of space.”The tigers should return to China when the reservations in Fujian are ready.
36．What is the main reason for the South China tiger becoming one of the world's top ten most endangered species?
A．Because it has lost its natural instincts.
B．Because there is not a complete eco-chain.
C．Because there is no space for it.
D．Because uncontrolled hunting has destroyed its natural living conditions.
37．How is the programme of sending several tigers to South Africa getting on?
A．Its effect still remains to be seen.
B．Two tigers can already compete with their wild cousins.
C．Some of the tigers are already on the road to recovering their natural skills.
D．The tigers should be able to recover their instincts completely.
38．By saying “But they are nothing like their wild cousins”， the writer means that ________．
A．they are no longer feared by other wild animals
B．they don't know how to hunt or kill
C．a complete change has resulted in the species because of breeding
D．to reintroduce them into the wild has become an urgent task
B
I still clearly remember that day. I was on the side of the road for close to four hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows that said, “NEED A JACK(千斤顶)．”
Right as I was about to give up, a truck stopped and a man got off. He sized up the situation and went back to take a jack. After about two hours, we finished the job with sweats. We were both dirty. His wife produced a large water jug for us to wash our hands in.
I tried to put $20 in the man's hand, but he wouldn't take it, so instead I went up and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I thanked them up one side and down the other. I asked the little girl, their daughter, where they lived, thinking maybe I'd send them a gift. She said they lived in Mexico. They were in Oregon now so Mommy and Daddy could pick cherries for the next few weeks. After that, they were going to pick peaches, and then go back home.
After I said my goodbyes and started walking back to the Jeep, the girl called out and asked if I'd had lunch. When I told her no, she ran up and handed me a tamale(玉米粽子). I thanked them again and walked back to my car. When I opened the tamale, what did I find inside? My $20 bill! I ran to the van and the guy rolled down his window. He saw the $20 in my hand, started shaking his head smiling, and with what looked like great concentration said in English: “Today you, tomorrow me.” Then he rolled up his window and drove away, with his daughter waving to me from the back.
This family, working on a seasonal basis where time is money, took a couple of hours to help a stranger while others passed by quietly.
Since then I've helped many people like the Mexican family. I didn't accept money. But every time I was able to help, I felt as if I was putting something in the bank.
39．From the passage we know that ________．
A．the Mexican man couldn't speak English
B．the author's car broke down on the road
C．the Mexican family came to Oregon for a visit
D．$20 was a small amount for the Mexican family
40．Why did the author give the money quietly to the man's wife?
A．Because the man had refused to accept it.
B．Because the man's wife needn't wash her hands.
C．Because the author thought the Mexican family was poor.
D．Because the author thought the man's wife would take it.
41．The Mexican man helped the author because he tended to think that ________．
A．it was completely wrong for others to pass by quietly
B．it was quite easy to help the author mend the Jeep
C．it was possible that everyone might get into trouble
D．the author was a polite stranger and deserved the help
42．Which of the following is TRUE about the author?
A．He hated those who didn't offer help.
B．He would send a present to the family soon.
C．He wondered why they didn't take the money.
D．He considered helping others as saving money in the bank.
C
Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime (消遣), it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
43．The word “steering” underlined in the last sentence most probably means ________________________________________________________________________.
A．forcing B．guiding C．driving D．moving
44．The main purpose of the text is to ________．
A．tell a story B．provide facts C．give advice D．compare opinions
45．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How many children get overweight.
B．Why children get overweight.
C．What is healthy eating.
D．How to prevent children from getting overweight.
D
Most of us have needed help with something at some point in our lives. The old saying “no man is an island” is absolutely true. And where would we be if someone hadn't been there to help us through?
Humans seem to be born with the ability to help one another. The need to survive drives us to be there for one another，even strangers. In the United States，the practice of helping others can be traced back to the country's origins when settlers first arrived on the land. The hardships of the group required each member to look out for the other. By taking care of the group，each person was in effect taking care of himself.
The benefits of helping others can come in different forms. Of course there's recognition. For some，recognition from others is a precious gift，and they need nothing more.
New research indicates that helping others raises quality of life for the helpers themselves. When we volunteer our time to do something for others，such as helping out an elderly neighbour or taking part in a local community project，it can be good news for our health，our children's study and even reduce the local crime rate，too.
Helping others also brings good feelings to the giver and the receiver of the good deeds. Using your special gifts to help others can be a_gift to yourself as you enjoy a self-esteem (自尊心) boost for making others' lives better and the world a better place.
Real happiness is difficult to define and is different for different peoples and cultures，but what is clear is that community and having strong relationships with others are key to achieving happiness.
It's been said that the best way to heal grief or hurt is to help someone else heal theirs. Perhaps in doing so，we find the hope for ourselves.
46．The old saying in the first paragraph tells us that ________．
A．each needs help B．each needs to be independent
C．each must be a helper D．each has life problems
47．The early settlers in the United States ________．
A．naturally developed the ability to overcome hardships
B．learnt to live an independent life quickly
C．had to depend on the help of natives to survive
D．had to live in a group to survive
48．The writer believes that children from a volunteer's family will be more likely to ________．
A．grow physically strong B．receive recognition from others
C．achieve higher grades D．get used to a new school environment
49．What does “a gift” (underlined in Paragraph 5) refer to?
A．A good relationship with others. B．A positive feeling.
C．Praise from others. D．Good health.
50．What's the purpose of the passage?
A．To show the rewards of helping others.
B．To discuss the art of happiness.
C．To tell how to help ourselves by helping others.
D．To explain how to find happiness in life.
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Parents can help their seventh- and eighth-grade students stand out in and out of their English classroom by introducing them to newspapers. Newspapers not only offer information on current events, but they can also be used to test your child's knowledge of grammar, vocabulary, and more.
Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How
Have your child read the first couple of paragraphs of a news story. Ask them to write down all of the important facts, such as who, what, where, when, why and how. This helps parents to see if their children comprehend the basic facts and information they read.
Grammar
Parents can monitor a child's understanding of grammatical parts of speech (词性) without a grammar textbook. Ask your child to read a paragraph in an article and then list a specific number of nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions and the like, which serves more of a test of their grammatical knowledge. Encourage them to list each of these parts of speech in a paragraph. Then, reread the paragraph to see if they missed anything.
Persuasion
Ask your child to select an advertisement from the newspaper. Have them investigate how specific words or phrases influence their feelings about a particular product. Then, encourage them to create an advertisement of their own for an item they do not like. Tell them not to show their true feelings and try to make people want to buy this unwanted item. After that, ask them to list the persuasive techniques used in their ad.
Facts vs Opinions
Select an editorial for your middle schooler to read. Have your child divide a piece of paper into two columns, one marked fact, and the other marked opinion. Have your student decide which column it fits under. This will help your child better understand facts versus opinions. Another related exercise is responding to an editorial. Encourage your child to write letters to the editor or responses to editorials or other articles. Before your child sends his or her letter, check the opinion section to see what requirements there are.
Headlines and Synonyms (同义词)
Ask your middle schooler to rewrite a couple of headlines using the synonyms of the original words. Compare the headlines. Do the original versions or the rewrites sound better? This is a great exercise to help students learn synonyms and expand their vocabulary.
If you find your seventh- or eighth-grade child is struggling with these newspaper activities, it may be an indicator that they have fallen behind in their reading skills. These activities were designed with a seventh- or eighth-grader in mind; therefore, while they are educational, they should be more of reinforcement (增强) instead of a major reading challenge.
Outline
Supporting details
An approach to
learning
51.________ students in seventh and eighth grades to newspapers can be helpful in learning English.
Newspaper
52.________
● Ask students to read the first couple of paragraphs of a news story and write down the important and 53.________ facts to see if they can understand them.
● Have students read an article and list different parts of speech to improve their understanding of 54.________．
● Select an ad and ask students to find the persuasive expressions 55.________in it, and then create their own ad for a product they dislike.
● Select an editorial and have students 56.________ between facts and opinions. After that encourage them to write a 57.________ to an editorial.
● Ask students to write a few synonyms and compare them with the 58.________ headlines to help them with their vocabulary expansion.
Possible results
● It may 59.________that a child is poor at reading if he or she has 60.________with these activities.
● These activities, designed for special graders, cannot be used as a major reading challenge.
第四部分 书面表达(满分25分)
在伦敦奥运会上，中国代表团在奖牌榜上成绩斐然。请据此以学生李华的名义给某英语日报写一封信，要点如下：
1．为中国体育健儿取得的好成绩感到自豪；
2．但是另一方面，肥胖和患近视的青少年数量在不断增加，体质也在不断下降，令人担忧；
3．很多地方，人民群众可以享受的体育设施不足；
4．应同时大力发展全民体育事业，增强人民体质。
注意：1.词数150左右，可适当增加细节。
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear editor，
I'm proud of ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案
阶段评估检测(二)
第一部分
第一节
1．C 考查连词辨析。句意为：他们那天早上起得很早目的是不错过头班车。in case万一； as if好像； so that以便； even though即使。
2．B 考查不定式作定语。句意为：易思玲在伦敦奥运会上为中国夺得了第一枚金牌。“the first/second/third…＋名词”后面跟不定式作定语。
3．D 考查非谓语动词。see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”。
4．A 考查belong的用法。belong to意为“属于”，不能用于被动语态，也无进行时态。
5．C 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句中的主语为the family，为一家人，是复数概念，且根据句中的recently可判断此处应该使用现在完成时态且要使用被动语态，故选C项。
6．C 考查介词。价格之高已经超过了收入不高者的能力范畴，故选C项。
7．A 考查形容词辨析。be similar to类似于。
8．B 考查定语从句。句意为：迪斯尼，对他来说，钱不是问题，他开办了一家新的电影公司。Disney是先行词，在定语从句中whom指的是Disney。
9．A 考查动词时态。句意为：——珍妮今天早上乘坐8点的公共汽车去了广州。——真的吗？她应该乘坐9点的火车。坐火车旅游更舒服、更安全。依题意可知答案。
10．B 考查介词短语。句意为：他意识到她是因为他说的话才哭的。because，as，since当“因为”讲时，都是连词，引导一个原因状语从句，而because of是介词短语，后面跟名词、代词或宾语从句。故选B项。
11．A 考查非限制性定语从句。句意为：詹妮弗总是旷课，我认为这就是她为什么常挨批评的原因了。I suppose是插入语，在定语从句中缺少主语，又因为是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jennifer is always absent from school这件事，故选A项。
12．C 考查介词短语。句意为：——先生，你有什么事吗？——我想见销售部的当班的经理。in charge of“负责，主管”，主语用人，in the charge of“由……负责”，主语是事，又因为句中已经有谓语，后面用介词短语作定语，修饰the manager。
13．C 考查belong的用法。句意为：请把属于你的而不是别人的东西放到你的包里。这是一个祈使句，belonging to you作定语修饰everything。
14．C 考查冠词的用法。句意为：如果你站在高层，你会看得更清楚一些。第一个空the high floor表示特指，第二个空表泛指。
15．C 考查固定搭配。句意为：尤其在贫困地区，要特别注意发展福利事业。pay attention to注意，其中to为介词，后面跟名词或动名词。
第二节
[文章大意] 这是一篇记叙文。文章记述了乔在开车回家的时候，看到一位老太太的车搁浅在路边，乔帮助她换了轮胎，当那个老太太给他钱的时候，他不求回报，要求她也去帮助那些需要帮助的人。老太太在餐馆吃饭时，没有要找回的零钱，实际上是帮助了怀孕8个月的女服务员，她留下纸条，也让孕妇把爱心之链传递下去。
16．B 考查名词辨析。语境为：前面说那位老太太的车搁浅在路边，从下文乔给老太太换轮胎(She had a flat tire. Joe crawled under the car and changed the tire)看出乔停下来帮忙，give sb a hand帮某人忙，为固定搭配。
17．D 考查短语辨析。as you wish“如你所愿”； just in case“万一”； for one thing“一方面”； by the way“顺便说一下”。依题意可知答案。
18．A 根据语境：Joe crawled under the car and changed the tire. But he got dirty and his hands hurt. 看出，乔给老太太换轮胎，弄得很脏，手还受伤了，老太太十分感激他。couldn't thank him enough“再怎么感谢他也不过分”。
19．C 考查动词辨析。语境为：老太太问欠他多少钱。是乔帮助了老太太，应该是老太太欠他的钱，不是索取，也不是提供。charge要价； provide提供； owe欠钱； offer主动提供。
20．A 考查动词辨析。乔说：要是真地想把钱给他。pay sb back还给……钱。bring带来； put放； hold控制，保留。
21．C 语境为：下次你看见需要(in need of)帮忙的人，就帮助他。in honor of为纪念……； in favor of赞同； in possession of拥有。
22．B 考查名词辨析。此处是说给那些需要帮助的人提供帮助(assistance)。guidance指导； acquaintance熟人，相识； consequence结果。
23．A 语境为：沿着(down)公路行驶了几英里。off远离，离开； beside在……旁边； beyond超过，那一边。
24．D 语境题。从下文的The waitress看出，是餐馆(restaurant)而不是银行(bank)、食品杂货店(grocery)和加油站(gas station)。
25．B 考查动词辨析。语境为：那个怀孕的女服务员面带微笑向老太太问候(greet)。introduce介绍； identify识别； spot认出。
26．C 语境题。老太太看到这个服务员已怀孕接近八个月，还在这里做服务员的工作，虽然贫穷却很快乐，是想知道个究竟。think想，认为； suspect怀疑； wonder想知道； question质问。
27．D 考查动词辨析。这个服务员在怀孕的情况下，在工作中还保持那份热情。taste“尝，体验”； measure“测量”； remain“保持”，是不及物动词，跟形容词作表语； maintain“保持”为及物动词，可跟名词作宾语。
28．A 考查动词辨析。语境为：乔说的话触动(strike)着她。strike打动； move感动； obtain获得； remind提醒。
29．B 语境题。从下文的from a hundred-dollar bill看应该是找回零钱。tip小费； change零钱； order命令； service服务。
30．C 语境题。从下文的the lady stepped right out of the door看出，这里是表示转折的关系。语境为：在服务员找零钱的时候，老太太已经走出了门。moreover而且； otherwise否则； however然而； eventually最终。
31．D 考查动词辨析。这里说的是纸条上的内容，所以选saying，意思是：“写着”。
32．C 语境为：这就是你能做的。在句中what引导表语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。
33．B 考查动词辨析。语境为：别让这爱心之链在你这里结束(end )了。combine联合； disagree不同意； deal处理。
34．B 考查形容词。语境为：那个孕妇拿着慷慨解囊(generous)的小费，这个小费是老太太没有要的找回的钱。honest诚实的； modest谦虚的； graceful优雅的。
35．A 考查形容词。语境为：下一个月到预产期。due到期的； ready准备好的； born天生的； likely有可能的。根据语境，应该选A项。
第二部分
A
[文章大意] 昔日号称百兽之王的华南虎，今天却陷入濒危的边缘。无奈“留学”非洲，只为重振虎门。
36．D 细节理解题。题干关键词为：the world's top ten most endangered species。第三段中的“But due to the destruction of their natural habitat and uncontrolled hunting”告诉我们华南虎成为十大濒临灭绝物种之一的原因。由此可知答案。
37．C 细节理解题。倒数第二段中的Progress has been made as two elder tigers have recovered some of their instincts and can hunt wild animals by themselves at the African base.告诉我们，在有关人员的努力下，一些喂养的老虎正在恢复它们的本能。
38．B 句意推测题。下一句话对此做了进一步的解释：They have lost their natural skills such as hunting and killing. 也就是B项所说的they don't know how to hunt or kill。
B
[文章大意] 这是一篇记叙文。记述了作者在途中汽车抛锚，得到了墨西哥人一家的帮助，他们并不求回报，作者受到鼓舞，也不求回报去帮助需要帮助的人。
39．B 推理判断题。从第一段作者出示牌子，需要千斤顶到下文墨西哥人一家对他的帮助看，作者的车是抛锚了。
40．A 细节理解题。从文章的第四段那个司机的女儿通过给作者玉米粽子，又把那20美元给了作者看，那个司机是不愿意接受作者给的钱的。
41．C 推理判断题。从第四段这个墨西哥司机说的话Today you, tomorrow me.看出，人人都会遇到麻烦的。
42．D 细节理解题。从最后一段Since then I've helped many people like the Mexican family. I didn't accept money. But every time I was able to help, I felt as if I was putting something in the bank. 看出答案。
C
[文章大意] 本文主要讲述导致儿童超重的几大因素。
43．B 词义猜测题。文章最后一句意为“……因此我们必须鼓励年轻人更积极，同时引导他们远离快餐店和不好的饮食习惯”，故选B。
44．C 推理判断题。本文主要讲述影响儿童体重的几个因素，故可知作者是在提出忠告。
45．B 主旨大意题。第一段概括了全文的中心意思。
D
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。助人者助己，这是真理！
46．A 推理判断题。第一段首句说在生活中每个人都有需要帮助的时候，第二句顺承第一句说no man is an island这一古谚是绝对的真理，即与第一句所表达的思想是一致的，故A项正确。
47．D 细节推理题。第二段说互助是人类生存的需要，接着举例说美国最初的移民为在困境中生存下来，不得不依靠群体的力量互相帮助，故D项正确。
48．C 推理判断题。第四段说研究表明帮助他人对提供帮助者自己来说也会有许多好处，其中包括it can be good news for…our children's study，既然对孩子的学习有好处，由此可推知C项正确。
49．B 词义猜测题。本段讲的是帮助他人对于情绪的积极影响，如可以增强自尊心等，故B项为其具体内涵。
50．A 推理判断题。本文从论述帮助在人生中的重要性出发，重点分析了帮助他人的各种好处，如可以得到认可，提高生活品质，使心情愉悦等，故A项正确。
第三部分
51．Introducing 根据第一段第一句“…by introducing them to newspapers.”中的“introducing”可知。
52．activities 根据文章最后一段第一句“If you find your seventh- or eighth-grade child is struggling with these newspaper activities，”中的“newspaper activities”可知。
53．basic 根据文章第二段结尾“…the basic facts and information they read”中的“basic”可知。
54．grammar 根据第三段可知讲Grammar的内容，再根据第一句中的形容词grammatical可知。
55．used 根据第四段最后一句“…to list the persuasive techniques used in their ad.”中的“used”可知。
56．distinguish/differ 根据第五段的标题Facts vs Opinions和下文可知，主要是让学生们区分facts和opinions。故用distinguish或者differ。
57．response/reply 根据第五段 “Encourage your child to write letters to the editor or responses to editorials or other articles.” 中的“responses”可知。
58．original 根据第六段第三句“Do the original versions or the rewrites sound better？”中的original可知。
59．indicate/show 根据最后一段第一句“…it may be an indicator that they have fallen behind in their reading skills.”中的名词“indicator”转化而来。
60．difficulty/trouble 根据最后一段第一句“If you find your seventh- or eighth-grade child is struggling with these newspaper activities，”中的“struggle with”可知在做某事方面有难度，故用difficulty/trouble，构成have difficulty/trouble with sth。
第四部分
One possible version：
Dear_editor，
I'm_proud_of what China has achieved at the London Olympic Games. Chinese athletes won many medals at the sports event. Obviously, China is a leading country in sports in the world. But on the other hand, we still have many problems. The number of overweight and short-sighted teenagers is increasingly growing. Teenagers seem to have more health problems than their older generation. In many cities, people have no easy access to sports facilities. So I think it's the government's responsibility to provide more and better sports services for its people and to encourage more and more people to take various forms of exercise to enjoy a healthy lifestyle.
Yours，
Li_Hua
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