阶段评估检测(八)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1．Lots of supplies were offered to the flood-stricken area; ________， people from all walks of life volunteered to go there and help rebuild homes.
A．on the contrary B．by all means
C．above anything else D．what's more
2．The movie originally ________ for children under 12 is now being used to educate adults.
A．intended B．being intended
C．to be intended D．having been intended
3．—Do you know the time which she devotes ________English in a day reaches 10 hours?
—Yes. I know that her key ________ success lies in her devotion to English study.
A．to studying; to achieving B．to study; to achieve
C．to studying; to achieve D．to study; to achieving
4．The story goes ________ you said at the meeting encouraged him to put it into practice, and is it a fact?
A．that which B．that what C．which what D．what that
5．Is this the very material that scientists ________ the 2012 London Olympic Games torch?
A．used to light B．are used to lighting
C．use to light D．are used to light
6．He came here in the hope ________ he could learn about the cause of the accident.
A．which B．how C．that D．what
7．—Wow，you look like a drowned rat! Didn't you know there was a storm today?
—Yes, I did, ________ I didn't realize it would rain cats and dogs today.
A．but B．and C．for D．so
8．As is reported, it will be more than 20 years ________ humans are able to walk on Mars.
A．before B．when C．since D．after
9．The coal boss took the risk of making money ________ the safety of his workers.
A．in need of B．instead of C．in case of D．regardless of
10．The man ________ of shooting six children was caught by the police, the Xinhua News, reported on Friday.
A．being suspected B．suspecting C．suspected D．to be suspected
11．I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions ________ she stopped working because of ill health.
A．that B．when C．where D．which
12．—Did they all pass this English examination?
—No, it was so difficult that ________ only three of them who passed it.
A．there was B．that was C．were there D．it was
13．________cold front has swept through many parts of Northeast China, bringing down________ temperature in Liaoning and Heilongjiang Provinces.
A．The; the B．A; / C．A; the D．The; /
14．This novel is ________ in the modern city, San Francisco, so once________， it will be very popular.
A．put; publishes B．set; having published
C．put; publishing D．set; published
15．—What is a good boss like?
—It's hard to say, but I think he ________ be responsible, determined and creative.
A．can B．may C．should D．would
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Night after night, she came to tuck (掖被子) me in, even long after my childhood years. Following her long habit, she'd lean down and push my long __16__ out of the way, then kiss my forehead. I don't remember when it first __17__ annoying me—her hands pushing my hair that way. But it did annoy me, __18__ they felt work-worn and rough __19__ my young skin. One night, I shouted out at her. “Don't do that anymore—your hands are too rough.” She didn't say anything in __20__. But never again did my mother end my day with that __21__ expression of her love.
With the passing years, my thoughts returned to that night. By then I missed my mother's __22__. Sometimes the __23__ seemed very close, sometimes far away. But always it was in my mind. Now I'm not a little girl anymore. Mom is in her mid-seventies, and those hands I __24__ thought to be so rough are still doing things for me and my family. She's been __25__ doctor, reaching into a medicine box to __26__ a young girl's stomach ache or soothe (缓和) a boy's injured __27__. Now, my own children are grown and __28__. Mom no longer has Dad, and on special occasions, I find myself drawn next door to __29__ the night with her. So it was late on Thanksgiving Eve, as I slept in the __30__ of my youth, a familiar hand hesitantly __31__ my face to brush the hair from my forehead. Then a kiss, ever so gently, __32__ my forehead.
For the thousandth time, I recalled the night my young voice complained, “Don't __33__ that anymore—your hands are too rough！” Catching Mom's hand in hand, I blurted out (脱口而出) how sorry I was for that night. I thought she'd remember, as I did. But Mom didn't know what I was talking about. She had forgotten—and forgiven—long ago. That night, I fell asleep with a new __34__ for my gentle mother and her __35__ hands. And the guilt that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.
16．A.hair B．bed C．chair D．arm
17．A.delayed B．started C．allowed D．avoided
18．A.but B．or C．so D．for
19．A.past B．under C．against D．above
20．A.debt B．reply C．danger D．total
21．A.familiar B．difficult C．anxious D．sad
22．A.words B．presents C．books D．hands
23．A.courage B．incident C．failure D．satisfaction
24．A.recently B．seldom C．never D．once
25．A.his B．its C．our D．her
26．A.treat B．blame C．ignore D．doubt
27．A.toy B．shirt C．glass D．knee
28．A.disappointed B．hidden C．missing D．gone
29．A.spend B．design C．order D．forget
30．A.hotel B．train C．bedroom D．office
31．A.knocked over B．gave out C．ran across D．applied for
32．A.directed B．touched C．operated D．raised
33．A.eat B．cook C．win D．do
34．A.instrument B．argument C．appreciation D．invention
35．A.fat B．caring C．dirty D．strong
第二部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If a noisy neighbor is blasting music at all hours of the day and night, drowning out your phone conversations and interrupting your sleep, you can call the police. But what is a whale to do?
Natural noise from waves, wind, rain and even earthquakes is common in oceans. Unfortunately, man-made noise from oil and gas drilling, sonar, and ships is also present.
Low frequency noise has doubled off the California coast every decade since the nineteen sixties. The main reasons are ships' propellers(螺旋桨). They not only generate continuous low frequency sound, some propellers cavitate(形成气穴), which means they create air bubbles that collapse, creating loud popping sounds.
Whales use low frequency calls to communicate across thousands of miles of ocean. They are threatened by noise pollution because it can prevent them from contacting each other and from locating their foods. Endangered humpback and right whales, which use fibrous baleen to strain food from the water, are the most at risk.
Scientists studying right whales off Canada's east coast have discovered that whales are sending louder calls through the water to make themselves heard. Because they invest more energy in making calls, they have less energy available for finding food and mating. Other scientists measuring whale calls against background noise pollution have discovered that right whales have lost about eighty percent of their normal communication areas. This could seriously affect the survival of this already threatened species.
Scientists don't have badges and guns, but they are trying to correct the noise pollution problem. By tracking ships and marine mammals and understanding how noise travels, they are creating sound maps. They hope to get shipping lanes moved so that the noise pollution ships create will not overlap with areas most important to the whales.
36．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Whales are in danger because of the noise.
B．Noise pollution is affecting whales.
C．Natural noise is good for whales.
D．How to protect whales endangered.
37．The following statements are true EXCEPT ________．
A．you can call the police if you are disturbed by a noisy neighbor
B．low frequency noise has doubled off the Canadian coast every decade since the 1960s
C．noise pollution can prevent whales from contacting each other and from locating prey
D．endangered humpback and right whales are the most at risk
38．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________．
A．some areas important to whales are overlapped with the ship lanes
B．scientists are creating the sound maps by tracking ships and marine mammals
C．if scientists have guns, they can correct the noise pollution
D．scientists have worked out a plan to protect the whales
B
Kelly Reeves was getting ready for a trip when her phone slipped into a sink full of water. Panic moment! She quickly picked up the wet phone and tried to turn it on, but nothing worked. Her first reaction? She got dressed, drove to the nearest store, and bought a new model at full price.
A new study finds that fear of losing your phone is a common illness. About 66 percent of those surveyed suffer from nomophobia or “no mobile phone phobia”. Interestingly, more women worry about losing their phones than men.
Fortunately, there's a solution.
The first step is to figure out whether you have nomophobia. Checking your phone too often is one thing, but the true sign of the problem is that you can't conduct business or go about your routine when the fear becomes so severe.
Do you go to unusual lengths to make sure you have your phone? That's another sign of the problem. If you find you check your phone plenty of times per hour, or a total of an hour per day, there may be a problem.
Some of the treatments are similar to those for treating anxiety attacks: Leaving the phone behind and not checking e-mail or text messages, and then learning to tolerate the after anxiety. Even if this leads to a high level of worry and stress, the solution is to push through the fear and learn to deal with not having your phone.
Of course, there are also technological alternatives. Luis Levy, a co-founder at Novy PR, says he uses an application called Cerberus that can automatically track the location of his phone. To find it, he can just go to a website and see the phone's location.
He also insures his phone through a service called Asurion. The company's description of its product reads like a prescription for anxiety: “60 million phones are lost, stolen or damaged each year. You'll have complete peace of mind knowing that your phone is protected and you can quickly reconnect with family, friends and work, as soon as the very next day！”
39．Why does the author mention Kelly's experience in the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic for discussion.
B．To inform us that mobile phones are useful.
C．To warn us that we should be careful.
D．To tell us we should get phones ready for a trip.
40．The underlined word “nomophobia” in Paragraph 2 means ________．
A．habits of using mobile phones B．fear of losing mobile phones
C．eagerness for new mobile phones D．independence of mobile phones
41．Which of the following is a way to treat nomophobia?
A．Avoiding using phones for some time.
B．Learning more about modern technology.
C．Protecting one's phone against any damage.
D．Not using a mobile phone in one's daily work.
42．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Attitudes toward mobile phones. B．New mobile phone technology.
C．Disadvantages of mobile phones. D．Solutions to nomophobia.
C
Tempted by a chocolate bar? Maybe indulging (沉迷于) every so often is not a bad thing especially if it's dark chocolate.
According to a Swedish study in the journal of the American College of Cardiology that looked at more than 33，000 women, the more chocolate the women said they ate, the lower their risk of stroke.
The results add to a growing body of evidence linking cocoa consumption to heart health, but they aren't a free pass to gorge on (贪婪地吃) chocolate.
“Given the observational design of the study, findings of this study cannot prove that it's chocolate that lowers the risk of stroke，” said Susanna Larsson from Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, in an e-mail to Reuters Health.
While she believes chocolate has health benefits, she also warned that eating too much of it could be counterproductive (起反作用的)．
“Chocolate should be consumed in moderation (适中) as it is high in calories, fat and sugar. As dark chocolate contains more cocoa and less sugar than milk chocolate, consumption of dark chocolate would be more beneficial.”
Larsson and her colleagues tapped into data from a mammography study that included self-reports of how much chocolate women ate in 1997.The women ranged in age from 49 to 83 years.
Over the next decade, there were 1，549 strokes among the group. The more chocolate women ate, the lower their risk.
Among those with the highest weekly chocolate intake, more than 45 grams, there were 2.5 strokes per 1，000 women per year. That figure was 7.8 per 1，000 among women who ate the least, less than 8.9 grams a week.
Scientists speculate (推测) that substances known as flavonoids (类黄酮), in particular so-called flavanoids, may be responsible for chocolate's apparent impact on health.
According to Larsson, flavonoids have been shown to cut high blood pressure, a risk factor for strokes, and improve other blood factors linked to heart health. Whether that theoretical benefit translates to real-life benefits remains to be proven by strict studies, however.
Nearly 800，000 people in the United States suffer a stroke every year, with about a sixth of them dying of it and many more left disabled.
For those at high risk, doctors recommend blood pressure medicine, quitting smoking, exercising more and eating a healthier diet, but so far, chocolate isn't on the list.
43．The researchers who study chocolate lovers with fewer strokes are from ________．
A．America B．Sweden C．Britain D．Spain
44．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Whether eating chocolate can lower the risk of stroke has been solved.
B．There are many people in the United States suffering a stroke every year.
C．Doing more exercise is beneficial to health.
D．Whether eating chocolate can lower the risk of stroke remains to be studied.
45．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．A study about stroke.
B．Chocolate lover may have fewer strokes.
C．A study about the benefit of chocolate.
D．Eating more dark chocolate does good to health.
D
Young children whose mothers talk with them more frequently and in more detail about people's thoughts and feelings tend to be better at taking another person's perspective(观点)than other children of the same age.
That's what researchers from the University of Western Australia found in a new study published in the journal Child Development.
“Parents who frequently put themselves in someone else's shoes in conversations with their children make it more likely that their children will be able to do the same，” said lead author Brad Farrant.
Researchers of the UWA's Telethon Institute for Child Health Research looked at the influence of how parents interact with their children to learn more about how people develop the ability to take another's perspective.
The two-year study involved more than 120 Australian children aged between four and six, including children with typically developing language and others delayed in language acquisition(习得)．
The children completed tasks which were designed to assess their language skills, ability to infer others' beliefs and use these to predict others' behavior, and their ability to shift flexibly between different perspectives.
Among children with typically developing language, the researchers found that mothers who talked more often and in greater detail about people's thoughts and feelings—commenting on how another person might react to a particular situation as well as their own feelings about the topic—had children with better language skills and better perspective-taking skills.
Children with delayed language acquisition were also delayed in their development of perspective-taking skills. This displays the role played by language as children develop the ability to take another's perspective.
“Solving the many challenges that the world faces today requires us all to get better at taking the perspective of other people，” said Brad Farrant.
46．According to the text, to help children gain better perspective-taking skills, parents should ________．
A．give their children more chances to express themselves
B．talk more with their children about people's feelings
C．encourage their children to guess other people's thoughts
D．spend more time playing with their children
47．Which of the following is TRUE about the study?
A．Over one hundred American children took part in it.
B．All the children had delayed in language acquisition.
C．The children in the study were around five years old.
D．Mothers helped their children to complete the tasks.
48．Which have an effect on the development of children's perspective-taking skills?
A．The surrounding environments. B．Mothers' perspectives.
C．Personal characters. D．Language skills.
49．In the last paragraph, Brad Farrant ________．
A．stressed the importance of perspective-taking skills
B．expressed his concern about the world's challenges
C．showed how to take the perspective of other people
D．explained why other people's opinions were important
50．According to the text, we can learn ________．
A．parents should talk to their children frequently no matter how old their children are
B．it was Brad Farrant who wrote the study in Child Development
C．the only way to improve language skills is talking to children more often
D．parents who are always thinking about others will help their children do the same way
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Weibo, or micro-blogs, the Chinese version of Twitter, has become a way of life in China, especially for the young.
Our train bumped into something. Our carriage has fallen onto its side. Children are screaming. Come to help us please! Come fast!
This is the first message sent from a high-speed train that crashed on July 23rd, 2011 in China's Zhejiang province.
Not only was it a cry for help, which saved tens of lives, but it also contributed to a wave of unprecedented (史无前例的)“citizen journalism” on China's micro-blogs. Within ten hours, the message was reposted over one hundred thousand times, which was something the girl, Xiao Yang, who wrote it had never imagined. She said, “I just wanted to survive at that moment, so I posted a message on Weibo. I didn't know it would help us to be rescued so quickly.”
After the crash, China's twenty million strong micro-bloggers demonstrated tremendous(巨大的)and unfamiliar power. They joined rescue efforts, helped survivors and monitored the officials investigating the accident.
As with traditional media, Weibo functions as a mirror on society, sparking debates and enlightening discussions. But what's different about the micro-blogging site is that anyone—not just journalists—can take a photo, record a video clip or write a quick note about what is happening around them.
I can fully accept this new Weibo lifestyle. Almost everyone has Weibo now. I read news on Weibo and it helps me with my life. I also write or repost news sometimes.
Clearly, Weibo enables millions of Chinese to become “citizen journalists”， opening them up to fresh news and views on their community, country and world.
This has led to many micro-bloggers keeping a closer eye on the authorities. In response, the government is also using Weibo as a tool to respond to citizens' queries(质询). And in Beijing, micro-bloggers have already left thousands of messages, urging the government to solve problems they consider urgent.
Wang Hui, general director of Beijing Information Office, said, “Weibo has created a platform for government officials to better understand what the citizens are thinking about and what they really need. This bottom-to-top information transmission channel is innovative and will become a new trend for government officials to provide better services for the people.”
But, however compelling(引人注目的)Weibo may be, much information it provides turns out to be rumors. Weibo, as a platform, not only helps the Chinese people express their views, but also trains the government in facing public opinion.
Meanwhile, for Xiao Yang, a simple message saved her life. And for millions of others, Weibo means much more than just a simple touch on a smart phone.
Title：Weibo helps Chinese 51.________ views
Passage outline
Supporting details
The Chinese version of Twitter
Weibo has become a new way of life, especially for young 52.________in China.
One example 53.________how
tremendous the power of Weibo is
Process of
the event
●A message from a crashed train for 54.________appeared on Weibo.
●The message was immediately reposted over one hundred thousand times.
●Rescue efforts were joined 55.________ millions of micro-bloggers.
Effects and
results of
the event
● Tens of lives were saved.
●A wave of “citizen journalism” was 56.________．
●How officials responded to and dealt with the accident was also monitored.
Comparisons between traditional media and Weibo
57.________
They both function as a mirror on society.
Difference
Any micro-blogger can be a 58.________， who can report what is happening.
Discussion of further functions of Weibo in China
●It enables millions of Chinese to become supervisors of society as well as the authorities.
●People have new 59.________ to fresh news and views.
●The government feels 60.________ to make their services more effective.
Something more about Weibo
●It sometimes provides rumors.
●It means much more than just a touch on the smart phone.
第四部分 书面表达(满分25分)
陈若琳，1992年12月12日生于江苏南通。4岁开始练习跳水。她克服困难，艰苦训练。拼搏精神指引她成功，在2012年伦敦奥运会上获得两枚金牌。请你结合陈若琳的实例，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你对拼搏精神的看法。
拼搏精神的意义
1.激励我们直面困难；
2.竭力实现目标，走向成功；
……
如何培养拼搏精神
1.要坚信人人都有获得成功的潜力；
2.遇到挫折不气馁，从失败中学习；
……
注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2．词数150左右。
参考词汇：拼搏精神 determination 培养cultivate 挫折setback
参考答案
阶段评估检测(八)
第一部分
第一节
1．D 考查插入语。句意为：大量的物资被提供给遭受洪灾的地区，并且，来自各行各业的人们自愿到那里帮助重建家园。on the contrary相反； by all means务必，尽一切办法； above anything else以上别的东西； what's more并且。
2．A 考查非谓语动词。句意为：这部电影最初是打算给十二岁以下的孩子看的，现在被用来教育成年人。句子的谓语部分是is now being used，intended是过去分词作定语，修饰movie。
3．A 考查非谓语动词。devote…to doing sth.把……用于做某事； the key to doing sth.做某事的关键。
4．B 考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句补充说明story的具体内容，在此同位语从句中，what又引导一个主语从句。
5．A 考查习惯用法。需要分析句子结构，还原成陈述句为：This is the very material that scientists used to light…意为“这就是科学家们用来点燃2012年伦敦奥运会火炬的材料。”
6．C 考查名词性从句。that引导的是一个同位语从句，that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分；从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以不能选which, which在从句中要作主语或宾语。
7．A 考查并列连词的用法。第二个说话人的意思是：我知道今天会有暴雨，但没有意识到会下这么大。由此判断前后文是转折关系。
8．A 考查连词辨析。“It will be ＋时间段 before＋ 一般现在时(表将来)”为固定句型，意思是：到……还需要(多久)。
9．D 考查介词短语。A项意为“需要”； B项意为“代替”； C项意为“万一”； D项意为“不管，不顾”。句意为：那位煤矿老板不顾工人的安全而冒险赚钱。
10．C 考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词短语作定语，修饰the man; 根据suspect sb. of doing sth.以及suspect与the man之间为动宾关系，可判断选C项。
11．B 考查定语从句。代替先行词occasions，在从句中作时间状语，所以用when，相当于on which。句意为：我很钦佩我的英语老师，在我的记忆中她几乎没有因为生病而不给我们上课的时候。
12．D 考查强调句型。在“so…that”句型中，that引导的结果状语从句是一个强调句型。
13．C 考查冠词的用法。第一空泛指“一股冷锋”； 第二空特指“辽宁和黑龙江省的温度”。
14．D be set in意为“以……为背景”，once published是once it is published的省略用法； publish与it是动宾关系。
15．C 考查情态动词的用法。答语的意思是：很难说。但是我认为一个好的老板应该有责任感、做事果断、有创造性。 表示(义务、责任)应该、应当，用should。
第二节
16．A 掖好被子后，她会弯下身来，拨开我的长发，在我的额头上吻一下，这是母亲长久以来的习惯。
17．B 我不记得最早何时这事情让我厌烦。
18．D 但这的确让我烦，因为她长期辛苦、粗糙的手摩擦我细嫩的皮肤。
19．C
20．B 作为回应她什么也没说。
21．A 但从此却再没有用这种我熟悉的表达爱的方式来为我的一天画上句号。
22．D 到了那时，我开始思念母亲的双手，思念她在我的额头印上晚安的吻。
23．B 有时这情景似乎很近，有时又似乎很远。
24．D 母亲也已到了古稀之年，可她却始终没有停止过操劳，用她那双曾经被我视为“粗糙”的手为我和我的家庭做着力所能及的事情。
25．C 她已经成为我们家的家庭医生了。
26．A 她总是拿来药箱帮小女孩治疗她的胃痛。
27．D 或者拿帮小男孩缓解膝盖伤口的药。
28．D 现在，我自己的孩子都已经长大成人，离开了家。
29．A 妈妈没有了爸爸的陪伴，所以在一些特殊的情况下，我经常情不自禁地走到隔壁母亲的房间和她一起度过夜晚。
30．C 所以因为感恩节的前夕已经太晚了，我就在我幼时的房间里睡了。
31．C —只熟悉的手犹豫着从我的脸上掠过，梳理着我前额的头发。
32．B 然后，一个吻，带着一如往日的温柔，轻轻落在了我的额头。
33．D 在我的记忆中，无数次，想起那晚我粗暴、幼稚的声音：“别再这样做了——你的手太粗糙了！”
34．C 那天晚上，伴随着一个全新的欣赏观来看待我慈祥的母亲和那双关爱人的手，我睡着了。
35．B
第二部分
A
[文章大意] 文章主要介绍科学家们研究发现，轮船螺旋桨等形成的噪音现在正影响着鲸鱼之间进行交流和它们寻找食物的问题。
36．B 主旨大意题。文章全文在讲述轮船螺旋桨等形成的噪音现在正影响着鲸鱼之间进行交流和它们寻找食物的问题。从文章第三段的The main reasons are ships' propellers.和第四段的They are threatened by noise pollution because it can prevent them from contacting each other and from locating their foods. 看出。
37．B 细节理解题。从第一段的If a noisy neighbor is blasting music at all hours of the day and night, drowning out your phone conversations and interrupting your sleep, you can call the police. 看出选项A项是正确的； 从第三段的Low frequency noise has doubled off the California coast every decade since the nineteen sixties. 看出B项不正确，是加利福尼亚而不是加拿大； 从第四段的They are threatened by noise pollution because it can prevent them from contacting each other and from locating their foods. 看出C项是正确的； 从第四段的Endangered humpback and right whales, which use fibrous baleen to strain food from the water, are the most at risk. 看出D项是正确的。
38．A 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句They hope to get shipping lanes moved so that the noise pollution ships create will not overlap with areas most important to the whales. 看出，鲸鱼的领地被轮船的航线占领了。
B
[文章大意] 如果有一天出门太急忘了带手机，你会怎么样？估计很多人都会说，要是走得不远的话一定会回去拿的。从什么时候开始，手机成了我们生活的必需品？而且是时刻要在视野范围内的一个必需品。而一旦手机丢失，或忘了带，都会焦虑不安，要么马上买一部，要么马上回家拿，这种症状在心理学上叫做“无手机焦虑症”。文章向我们介绍了该症的疗法。
39．A 推理判断题。由文章的结构可以看出，第一段所举的例子是为了引出话题：A new study finds that fear of losing your phone is a common illness，以及下一部分对该问题的解决方法。
40．B 词义猜测题。该词所在的上下文分别提到“fear of losing your phone is a common illness”和“ more women worry about losing their phones than men”，由此可知，该词的意思是：无手机焦虑症。
41．A 细节理解题。文章第六段介绍了治疗无手机焦虑症的方法之一，就是在一段时间内不用手机，也就是A项的陈述。
42．D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章在引出了话题无手机焦虑症后，重点介绍了解决该症状的方法，由此可知答案。
C
[文章大意] 这是一篇说明文。全文介绍了瑞典研究人员研究发现巧克力爱好者患中风疾病的概率可能会低，但还有待于进一步的研究。
43．B 细节理解题。从文章第二段的According to a Swedish study和第四段的Susanna Larsson from Karolinska Institute in Stockholm看出答案。
44．D 推理判断题。面对美国有这么多患中风的人，医生建议：blood pressure medicine, quitting smoking, exercising more and eating a healthier diet但是没有推荐chocolate，从中我们推出，吃巧克力能减少中风这一作用，还有待于研究。
45．B 主旨大意题。全文是写瑞典研究人员研究发现巧克力爱好者患中风疾病的概率可能会低，但还有待于进一步的研究。
D
[文章大意] 文章主要介绍了父母多与孩子交流换位思考，孩子也会像父母一样换位思考，也会为别人着想。
46．B 细节理解题。从第一段的Young children whose mothers talk with them more frequently and in more detail about people's thoughts and feelings tend to be better at taking another person's perspective…看出要想让孩子获得更好的换位思考的能力，父母要多与孩子交流有关别人的感受的问题。
47．C
48．D 细节理解题。从第七段的Among children with typically developing language, the researchers found that mothers who talked more often and in greater detail about people's thoughts and feelings…had children with better language skills and better perspective-taking skills. 看出是语言技能对孩子们的换位思考能力有影响。
49．A 段落大意题。从Brad Farrant说的话里，我们看出他强调换位思考能力的重要性。
50．D 推理判断题。文章中主要介绍父母多与孩子交流换位思考，孩子也会像父母一样换位思考，也会为别人着想。故选D项。
第三部分
51．express/give/air/voice 根据文章倒数第二段“Weibo, as a platform, not only helps the Chinese people express their views, but also trains the government in facing public opinion.”中的“express”可知。
52．people 根据文章开头“Weibo, or micro-blogs, the Chinese version of Twitter, has become a way of life in China, especially for the young.”中的“the young”相当于young people可知。
53．showing/demonstrating/illustrating 根据第五段“After the crash, China's twenty million strong micro-bloggers demonstrated tremendous(巨大的)and unfamiliar power.”中的“demonstrate”转化成分词得来的。
54．help/rescue 根据第二、三、四段 “Our train bumped into something. Our carriage has fallen onto its side. Children are screaming. Come to help us please！…the first message sent from a high-speed train that crashed…I didn't know it would help us to be rescued so quickly”可知。
55．by 根据第五段“They joined rescue efforts, helped survivors and monitored the officials investigating the accident.”可以推知。
56．caused/initiated/triggered/started/formed 根据第四段“…but it also contributed to a wave of unprecedented (史无前例的)‘citizen journalism’ on China's micro-blogs.”可推知。
57．Similarity 根据下栏中的difference可知。
58．journalist/reporter 根据第六段“But what's different about the micro-blogging site is that anyone—not just journalists—can take a photo, record a video clip or write a quick note about what is happening around them.”可推知。
59．access 根据第八段“….opening them up to fresh news and views on their community, country and world.”可推知。
60．urged/pressed 根据倒数第四段“And in Beijing, micro-bloggers have already left thousands of messages, urging the government to solve problems they consider urgent.”中的“urging”可推知。
第四部分
One possible version：
Born in Nantong, Jiangsu Province on December 12，1992, Chen Ruolin took up diving at the age of four. Since then, she has been training hard and overcoming whatever difficulty. She won two gold medals at the 2012 London Olympic Games. It is her great determination that has led her to success.
In my opinion, determination is very important in our lives. It encourages us to move forward, especially during our hard times. This quality enables us to face difficulty bravely and never run away from it. Thus we can stick to our goals and succeed eventually.
It is not easy to cultivate determination. Above all, we must hold a belief that everyone has the potential to achieve success. We shouldn't be discouraged when faced with setbacks. Actually, failure can teach us a lot. What's more, there are quite a few people with this spirit around us. We can learn a lot from them.
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