A3状语从句和并列句 考 纲 解 读 1．状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。 2．能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法差异。 3．whatever，whenever，wherever等引导词与no matter wh-等引导词的不同用法。 考 情 解 读 考点 题量 年份 状语从句   时间状语 条件状语 让步状语 原因状语 地点状语 目的/结果状语 并 列句  2008 5 5 5 2 1 2 1  2009 6 6 3 0 0 0 1  2010 5 6 2 1 2 0 1  2011 5 0 8 0 0 2 3  2012 3 4 6 0 3 1 4   趋 势 解 读 1．状语从句为必考点之一，试题结构日趋复杂化，设问呈现交叉和综合的特点，四个选项中尽可能呈现出不同性质的连词as，while，unless出现率高，干扰项还从定语从句或名词性从句的角度进行干扰。 2．对于让步状语从句考查仍是重头戏，2012年共考查6题，并列句考查逐年上升。

________time going on, it's getting warmer and warmer. A．When B．As C．With D．While 易误选


表示“随着……”或“一边……一边……”，常用as连接词，后跟时间状语从句，但此处为going on，为非谓语结构，学生不懂结构变化，易误选B，答案为C。  
________I heard the voice, I know father was coming. A．At the moment B．At the moment that C．The moment that D．The moment 易误选A

 
学生不知句子结构，极易根据所谓的“语感”而误选A，此处the moment转化为一个连接词，后跟时间状语从句，正确答案为D。  
翻译：他们还未到火车站，火车就开走了。 Before they didn't reach the station, the train had gone.

 
学生易受汉语思维影响而译成左面的句子，其实before状语从句谓语不用否定式。 正确译句：Before they reached the station, the train had gone.  
It is 3 years since I smoked a cigar. 翻译：我吸烟有3年了。

 
学生会根据习惯作类似左面的翻译，其实since从句谓语若为延续性动词，应译为“自从不……” 正确译句：我不吸烟有3年了。  
Before ________away by the police, he said bye to his family. A．taken B．being taken C．to be taken D．taking 易误选A

 
学生极易根据状语从句省略条件而误选A。 before/after/since
特殊用法谨记！答案为B。  
Every visitor is welcome, so just come if you ________． A．shall B．will C．can D．must 易误选D

 
学生根据平时强化的思维，即if条件状语从句中不能出现will助动词，首先排除B，而此时will为情态动词，表示“愿意……”正确答案B。  
________much work you have to do, you need a good sleep. A．However B．Although C．As D．Despite 易误选B、D

 
学生弄不清句子结构，而根据逻辑易误选D，although后必然用陈述语序，as从句有特定从句的倒装结构。答案为A。  
  基 础 盘 点 1．时间状语从句 2. 3．地点状语从句where/wherever 4．让步状语从句 热 门 考 点 1．when/while/as 2．before/till/until/since 3．hardly...when.../no sooner...than... 4．once 5．if/unless/as long as/in case 6．where/wherever 7．even though/if 8．as让步状语从句 9．目的状语从句和结果状语从句 10．状语从句的省略 11．wh-ever让步状语从句 关 注 节 点 6“热” 2“难”

热点3·1 (2012·湖南卷)________I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A．While B．Once C．If D．Until 答案　A　[while此时表示转折。] (2011·浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________my daughter heard cries for help. A．after B．while C．since D．when 答案　D　[when译为“就在那时”，相当于and at that time。]

①—I'm going to the post office. —________you're there, can you get me some stamps? A．For B．While C．As D．Because 答案　B　[while译为“当……时候”，as不能引导疑问句，because引导的是原因状语从句，if表示的是虚拟语气。] ②He hurried home, looking behind ________he went. A．when B．while C．as D．till 答案　C　[句意：他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。as译为“一边……一边”，表示两个变化中的动作的同时性。] ③He was half through the meal ________a familiar voice came to his ears. A．while B．when C．before D．until 答案　B　[when在此处作并列连词，相当于and at that time。] ④I walked home that day ______ I could have taken a taxi. A．because B．since C．as D．when 答案　D　[考查when作并列连词，相当于but at that time。],
 (1)When the film ended, the people went back. (2)When I was young, I used to visit her. ※when可作为并列连词 (1)相当于and at that time when分句 I was about to leave when he came. (2)相当于but at that time She just showed me the direction when she should have led me there. while从句动作持续(从句常用进行时态) 近些年多考主、从句动作的对比 It's unfair—I'm working while the others are sleeping.  ※as还可表示“随着……”，“一边……一边……”。 As time goes on, it's getting warmer＝(With)time going on, it's getting warmer.
热点3·2 (2010·福建卷)The girl had hardly rung the bell ________the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. A．before B．until C．as D．since 答案　A　[此处可译为“还未……就……”。] (2010·陕西卷)John thinks it won't be long ________he is ready for his new job. A．when B．after C．before D．since 答案　C　[此处可译为“不到……就……”。]
①She has been working in this factory ________she left school. A．as B．before C．since D．when 答案　C　[此处译为“自从……”。] ②(2011·上海卷)If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won't bother to see it, or I'll wait ________it comes out on DVD. A．whether B．after C．though D．until 答案　D　[如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去(电影院)看，或者我会等到它的DVD发行。考查状语从句。由句意可知D为正确答案。] ③Don't move ________the bus stops. A．since B．until C．till D．after 答案　B　[考查not...until...，固定用法。],

1．till：主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，主、从句皆为肯定句。 He remained there until/till she arrived. 2．until：主句谓语动词必须为短暂动词，从句为肯定句。 He won't leave until I return. ※not...until... 强调It be not untilthat It is not until that he leaves. 倒装Not until部分倒装 Not untildoes he leave. 3．before It will be＋段时间before...“还要过多久才……” It will be a long time before I return. 4．since ①主句(一般现在时或现在完成时)→since从句(一般过去时) 主句(一般过去时)→since从句(过去完成时) ②It be＋段时间＋since从句 It's 3 years since I left school. (从句动作短暂，译为“自从……”) It's 3 years since I lived here. (从句动作持续，译为“自从不……”)
热点3·3 (2012·全国Ⅱ卷)I had hardly got to the office ________my wife phoned me to go back home at once. A．when B．than C．until D．after 答案　A　[hardly...when...习惯搭配。] (2011·辽宁卷)He had no sooner finished his speech ________the students started cheering. A．since B．as C．when D．than 答案　D　[no sooner...than...习惯搭配。]
(2010·安徽卷)Just use this room for the time being, and we'll offer you a larger one ________it becomes available. A．as soon as B．unless C．as far as D．until 答案　A　[译为“一……就……”。],
hardly...when... no sooner...than...为常见高频考查句型，一般设置hardly或no sooner提前，考查倒装语序，偶尔顺便考查时态。 一……就…… as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...
热点3·4 (2011·北京卷)________they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A．As B．While C．Until D．Once 答案　D　[once，“一旦……”引导时间状语从句。]
________environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover. A．Even if B．If only C．While D．Once 答案　D　[once引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as＋if。],
once引导时间状语从句，其逻辑相当于as soon as＋if，有条件的含义，但偏于时间。
热点3·5 (2012·江西卷)You can borrow my car ________you promise not to drive too fast. A．unless B．even if C．in case D．as long as 答案　D　[考查条件状语从句，unless相当于if not。]
①(2012·福建卷)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties ________it gets more financial support from the European Union. A．if B．unless C．because D．since 答案　B　[句意：希腊政府很难克服目前的金融危机，除非从欧盟获取更多的经济支持。本题考查条件状语从句。if如果；unless除非；because因为；since自从。] ②(2012·辽宁卷)Leave your key with your neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day. A．as long as B．even though C．in case D．as if 答案　C　[把钥匙留给邻居以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。考查目的状语从句。根据句意选C项，in case(that)以防。as long as只要；even though即使；as if仿佛，好像。] ③(2012·上海卷)I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly ________the airlines lower ticket prices. A．once B．if C．after D．unless 答案　D　[句意：我旅行的预算很吃紧，所以不打算坐飞机，除非航空公司降低票价。考查状语从句。unless相当于if...not，符合前后句的逻辑。],
1．as long as　只要……，充分条件 unless　除非……，必要条件 2．unless一般相当于if...not... 但①如果未出现A就出现B时只用if I should be shocked if he doesn't cause an accident.(if...not≠unless) ②(在中学阶段)unless一般不用于虚拟语气 3．in case  4．if only
热点3·6 (2012·山东卷)A number of high buildings have arisen ________there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A．when B．where C．before D．until 答案　B　[考查地点状语从句。where＝at the place where。]
①(2012·四川卷)If you happen to get lost in the wild, you'd better stay ________you are and wait for help. A．why B．where C．who D．what 答案　B　[句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路的话，你最好在原地等待救援。本题考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，stay在句子中为不及物动词，空格处引导地点状语从句，故答案选B。其余选项均不引导地点状语从句，故可排除。] ②John has his own advantage for he is strong ________others are weak. A．when B．as C．where D．because 答案　C　[考查状语从句。where＝at the place where others are weak。],
1．wherever You can stay where/wherever you want to. 2．where引导状语从句 ＝介词＋where名词性从句(宾语从句) ＝介词＋先行词＋where定语从句 The doctor advised me to live where air is fresher.(地点状语从句) ＝in where air is fresher.(宾语从句) ＝in the place where air is fresher.(定语从句) 3．主句谓语后常跟where地点状语从句
热点3·7 　 (2012·北京卷)—Look at those clouds! —Don't worry. ________it rains，we'll still have a great time. A．Even if B．As though C．In case D．If only 答案　A　[考查让步状语从句，从下面still我们可以看出其逻辑“即使……依然”。]
I shall carry out the plan ________I should fail 100 times. A．although B．as C．even if D．even though 答案　C　[考查让步状语从句，even though译为“即使……”。],
1．even if even加强语气，因脱胎于条件，所以even if既可真实亦可虚拟。 2．even though从句(真实) even加强语气，因though原来就表示让步，故even though只能为真实情况。 ※从句为真实情况，even though/even if可互换。
热点3·8 (2012·陕西卷)Hot ________the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. A．although B．as C．while D．however 答案　B　[as引导让步状语从句。]
补全句子 ①________________，it's true. 虽然看起来不可能，但却是真的。 ②____________，he knows to help others. 他虽是个孩子，但知道帮助别人。 ③________________，we must acknowledge his greatness. 虽然我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。 ④____________，they failed again. 尽管努力了，但他们又失败了。 答案　①Impossible as it seems　②Child as he is ③Dislike him as we may　④Hard as they tried,
1．as让步状语从句常见结构 (1)表—as—主语—系动词 ※表语为单数名词时，必须是零冠词 (2)状(常为副词)—as—主语—谓语—(宾语) (3)谓(常为动词原形)—as—主语—情态动词或助动词 ※情态动词或助动词常为may/might/would/did等 2. ※as可与though替换 3．despite＝in spite of介词后跟名词性结构 Despite the heavy rain＝Although/Though it rains heavily，we walk on.
热点3·9 (2008·江西卷)My English teacher's humor was ________made every student burst into laughter. A．so as to B．such as to C．such that D．so that 答案　C　[such...that句型，such此处为代词。]
①________is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. A．Such B．This C．That D．So 答案　A　[such...that...句型。] ②________that he won't switch off the TV set. A．So much involved in the program he got B．So much involved in the program did he get C．So much involved in the program he did get D．So much involved in the program he was 答案　B　[so短语提前，引起主句倒装，故选B。],
1．so/such... 见定语从句热点讲解 2．such...that... such作代词时特别注意 3．so/such...that...句型中，so/such短语提前，引起主句倒装 so/such短语提前 (1)主句主系表结构→主句全部倒装 ※系动词仅限于be，其它系动词，主句部分倒装 So clever is he that he can remember whatever he's been informed of. (2)主句主谓(宾)结构→主句部分倒装 So hard did he work that he got a rise.
热点3·10 (2012·陕西卷)All the photographs in this book, ________stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. A．unless B．until C．once D．if 答案　A　[考查状语从句省略，意为：除非特别说明，照片皆可追溯到20世纪50年代了。]
①(2010·山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ________accompanied by an adult. A．once B．when C．if D．unless 答案　D　[考查连词。句意：“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”] ②The friendship with him, ________founded, will last for ever. A．once B．when C．if D．after 答案　A　[考查状语从句的省略。句意：同他之间的友谊，一旦建立，将永远持续。],
状语从句省略  ※(1)同时满足上述三个条件方可省略 (2)方式状语从句满足条件后有时省略 (3)before/after/since须引导完整时间状语从句 (详见本专题命题陷阱)
热点3·11 (2008·宁夏·海南·全国卷Ⅰ卷)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ________the season. A．whatever B．wherever C．whenever D．however 答案　A　[补全应为whatever the season may/might be。]
①(浙江卷)The tower must be saved, ________the cost. A．whatever B．wherever C．whenever D．however 答案　A　[whatever引导让步状语从句，表示“不管……什么(怎样)”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。从句的有些成分有时可以省略。] ②(2010·上海卷)________you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A．However a serious problem 　B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem 　D．What serious a problem 答案　C　[句意：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，what不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；however＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＝whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词。故C项正确。] ③(2012·湖南卷)________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A．However B．Whatever C．Whichever D．Whenever 答案　A　[句意：不管你多么努力，如果不减少食量，想要减肥会很难。考查让步状语从句。根据设空后的副词hard可知答案为however, however hard相当于no matter how hard。whatever无论什么，与名词连用；whichever无论哪一个；whenever无论什么时候。] ④(2011·重庆卷)To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ________we are to shake hands with. A．whichever B．whenever C．whoever D．wherever 答案　C　[句意：为了表示我们的尊敬，无论与谁握手，我们通常得摘下手套。shake hands with sb与某人握手，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，whoever在句中引导让步状语从句。],
1．wh-ever (详见名词性从句专题热点讲析) 2．whatever/whoever sb/sth (may/might be)有时省略，此类情况考查较少，对学生来说比较难。 Everyone should and must observe principles, whoever he or she. 3．(no matter)whether...or... no matter一般省略，whether甚至有时也省略 Those standing there, boys or girls, all come over.　
 状语从句破解 1．首先应具备全面的状语从句知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义和语义特征，尤其像as，since这样的用法灵活的词；像before, until, unless等用法复杂的词；像as, when, while; as, since, because; if, even if, in case, as long as这些不易区分的表达，一定要充分重视对它们的学习。 2．解答并列句和状语从句类题目时一定要头脑清醒，思维清晰。实际上，这类题是让你选出两个具有一定逻辑关系的分句之间的一个“逻辑链”。所以，能否准确把握分句间的逻辑关系是做出正确选择的关键。 3．经验表明，收集一些结构复杂的长难句进行逻辑思维能力的专项训练是有益的、必要的。 版权所有：高考资源网(www.ks5u.com)

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