B2形容词与副词 考 纲 解 读 1．形容词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的用法。 2．形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。 3．表示时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等的副词的用法。 考 情 解 读 考点 题量 年份 形容词/副词比较等级 形容词/副词辨析 多个形容词词序及其他  2008 6 13 6  2009 5 16 2  2010 2 20 1  2011 3 17 1  2012 4 14 1   趋 势 解 读 2013年高考对形容词、副词的考查热点将仍然集中在对形容词、副词的辨析上，同时继续加强对形容词、副词比较等级的考查，但对此点的考查具有“淡化语法，注重深层语义”的特点。比较等级的意思并不是直接从“结构”中看出来，而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来。

The shirt looking similiar to that one, yet it cost me twice ________much. A．so B．that C．very D．as 易误选A


学生易根据so和much经常搭配而误选A，此题考查比较的倍数表达法，补全应为“yet it cost me twice as much(as that one)”，故选D。  
How much ________she looked without her glasses! A．well B．good C．best D．better 易误选B


此题巧妙地利用虚拟情况(介词短语without her glasses不戴眼镜)与现实情况(戴眼镜)作比较。虽是比较，但不见than这个标志性单词，学生会误以为考查原级而选B，故答案为D。  
Our neighbor has ________ours. A．as a big house as B．as big a house as C．the same big house as D．a house the same big as 易误选C、D


考查比较结构中的名词位置。此处符合“as＋adj.＋a/an＋名词单数＋as”结构，故答案为B。the same形容词修饰名词或副词修饰动词；学生会根据汉语思维“同样大”误选C、D。  
The director gave me a better offer than ________． A．that of Dick's B．Dick's C．that he gave Dick D．those of Dick 易误选B


A、B、D从意思上讲都是Dick的建议，因此可以被排除。C项“他提供给Dick的建议”与前面的“他提供给我的建议”进行比较，故答案为C。在表示比较的句型中，考生常常因为搞不清比较的对象而出错。  
As a hunter, what matters is not that a hunting dog smells ________but that it smells ________． A．bad; badly B．badly; bad C．bad; bad D．badly；badly 易误选A、C


分析句子成分，确定该词在该句中是系动词还是行为动词。修饰行为动词用副词，系动词后用形容词。句意：猎人不怕猎狗嗅觉不好而怕其身上有味。学生弄不清楚句意而误选A、C。答案为B。  
After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ________． A．hungry and tiredly B．hungry and tired C．hungrily and tiredly D．hungrily and tired 易误选C


句意：经过长途跋涉之后，他们三人回到了家，又累又饿。此处说的是他们三人到家后所处的状态，故用形容词作状语，学生会认为修饰动词只能用副词而误选C。答案为B。  
 基 础 盘 点 1．形容词的位置以及排序问题 2．形容词的功能 3．副词的位置 4．倍数的表达以及形容词、副词的级 5．形容词、副词作状语的区别 热 门 考 点 1．倍数表示； 2．比较级及其修饰语和句型； 3．形容词的位置和排序； 4．副词的位置； 5．形容词、副词作状语； 6．形容词、副词辨析； 7．最高级的特殊表示法及特殊含义。 关 注 节 点 4“热” 1“难”：7 
热点2·1 (2012·陕西卷)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ________the present one. A．as three times big as B．three times as big as C．as big as three times D．as big three times as 答案　B　[考查倍数表示法。]
①(江西卷)It is reported that the United States uses ________energy as the whole of Europe. A．as twice B．twice much C．twice much as D．twice as much 答案　D　[考查倍数表达法。A倍数as adj./adv.(原级)as B。故D正确。] ②(上海卷)The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home and I'm paying ________here. A．as three times much B．as much three times C．much as three times D．three times as much 答案　D　[考查倍数表达法。] ③(上海卷)With the help of German experts, the factory produced ________cars in 1993 as the year before. A．as twice many B．as many as twice C．as twice as many D．twice as many 答案　D　[考查倍数表达法。] ④(上海春季卷)Americans eat ________vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. A．more than twice B．as twice as many C．twice as many as D．more than twice as many 答案　D　[考查倍数表达法。] ⑤(上海卷)Paper produced every year is ________the world's production of vehicles. A．the three weight of B．three times the weight of C．as three times heavy as D．three times as heavier as 答案　B　[考查倍数表达法。本题是A倍数the n. of B的用法。故选B。],
倍数表达法 1．A倍数as adj./adv.(原级)as B 2．A倍数adj./adv.(比较级)than B 3．A倍数the n. of B ※考查倍数多考1、3两种 表达法 1．表达法多考上下文中省略“as B”[详见命题陷阱1] 2．表达法3多考以其它名词结构代替“the n. of B”． 即A倍数the n. of B. ＝A倍数that of B/名词性物主代词 ＝A倍数what名词性从句 3．A比较级than B by倍数也可表示倍数 这座桥是那座的三倍长。 The bridge is 3 times as long as that one． ＝The bridge is twice longer than that one． ＝The bridge is 3 times the length of that one． ＝The length of this bridge is 3 times that of that one． ＝The bridge is 3 times what that one extends．
热点2·2 (2012·课标全国Ⅰ卷)The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much ________． A．the best B．best C．better D．the better 答案　D　[so much the better常和if条件句连用，意为：如果……那就好了，反义词组so much the worse。]
Ⅰ.英译汉 ①He recited as much of the poem as he could remember. ___________________________________________________________________ ②She's as good an actress as she is a singer. ___________________________________________________________________ ③He doesn't play half as well as his sister. ___________________________________________________________________ 答案　①他尽可能把记得住的诗都背诵出来了。 ②她当演员和当歌手一样出色。 ③他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。 Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子 这口井有130多米深。 ①The well is ________more than 130 meters. ②The well is ________130 meters ________． 答案　①as deep as　②over；deep Ⅲ.翻译句子 ①如果你努力学习，你的英语会变得越来越好。 ___________________________________________________________________ ②我喜欢这两本字典中较大的那本。 ___________________________________________________________________ ③这张桌子比那张长一英尺。(两种表达方法) ___________________________________________________________________ ④她越想越沮丧(depressed)。 ___________________________________________________________________ ⑤与其说他是我的老师，还不如说他是我的朋友。 ___________________________________________________________________ ⑥格林先生病了好几天了，我想知道他是否好点了。 ___________________________________________________________________ 答案　①If you study hard, your English will become better and better. ②I like the bigger one of the two dictionaries. ③This table is longer than that one by one foot./This table is one foot longer than that one. ④The more she thought about it, the more depressed she became. ⑤He is more my friend than my teacher. ⑥Mr. Green has been ill for a few days. I wonder whether he is any better. Ⅳ.句型转换 She is the cleverest student in my class. ①She is cleverer than ________in my class. ②She is cleverer than ________in my class. ③She is cleverer than ________students in my class. 答案　①any other student　②anyone else/the others　③any of the other/the rest of the Ⅴ.改错 ①The population of China is larger than Japan. ___________________________________________________________________ ②China has a larger population than that of Japan. ___________________________________________________________________ 答案　①than后加that of　②去掉that of Ⅵ.单项填空 ①—How far apart do they live? —________I know, they live in the same neighbourhood. A．As long as B．As far as C．As well as D．As often as 答案　B　[As far as...据……所知，由此可知选B。] ②The man was lying on the ground, ________dead. A．as possible as B．as well as C．as soon as D．as good as 答案　D　[as good as用于字面义，表示“与……一样好”，可视为as...as结构与good的自然搭配；若用作习语，则表示“几乎已经”“实际上等于”“和……几乎一样”。由此可知选D。] ③The pianos in the other shop will be ________，but ________． A．cheaper; not as better B．more cheap; not as better C．cheaper; not as good D．more cheap; not as good 答案　C　[考查形容词比较级。句意：在另一家商店钢琴会更便宜，但是没有那么好。] ④John plays football ________，if not better than, David. A．as well B．as well as C．so well D．so well as 答案　B　[考查副词原级比较。as well as“和……一样好”。] ⑤I don't like the idea so I am ________enthusiastic about the idea. A．no more than B．not more than C．less than D．more than 答案　C　[考查形容词比较级。less than“不到，少于”。] ⑥—Does Bill do his new job well? —________his old job. I'm afraid there's no hope for him. A．Not better as B．No better than C．Not as well as D．No as well as 答案　B　[考查形容词的比较级。no better than“和……一样不好”。],
原级比较 1．用as...as...，not...as/so...as...引导 It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。 2．as＋形容词＋as＋数量词＝数量词＋形容词 3．貌似平级比较结构的一些固定习惯用语 (1)as long as (2)as far as (3)as soon as (4)as well as ※注意：相关的主谓一致 (5)as good as He as well as his friends is coming. 他和其朋友快来了。 At the sight of the snake, she as good as cried. 看到蛇她简直就快哭了。 比较级 1．比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather, much, still, even, far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot, a little，a great deal, by far, a bit, three times等 2．“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”表示“越……，越……” The more you've learned, the better equipped for the future you'll be. 你学得越多，为未来所做的准备就越充分。 3．“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。＝increasingly/increasingly beautiful adj./adv.(原级) The new city is becoming more and more beautiful. 这座新城市变得越来越美丽了。 4．“the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词”表示“两个……中较……的”。 5．用介词by表示相差的程度。 She is taller than I by three inches. ＝She is three inches taller than I. 她比我高3英寸。 I missed the last train by one minute. 最后一趟火车，我差一分钟而没赶上。 6．一个人的两种品质的比较，用more...than...结构，意为：“与其……不如……”。 —Ann acts quite unfriendly. —I think she's more shy than unfriendly.(more shy不可变为shier) ——安表现得很不友好。 ——我认为与其说她不友说，不如说她害羞。 7．比较的对象不能相互包含，常见的句型是： 比较级＋than＋ 8．比较的对象应该相同。 The climate here is warmer than that of Shanghai.这里的气候比上海的暖和。⑦(2012·北京卷)Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs ________． A．some B．less C．much D．more 答案　D　[首先了解四个选项的意思。some“一些”；less“更少”；much“许多”；more“更多”。题干的意思是：“许多人已献出那种血型的血了，但是血库需要更多。”由have donated和however可知，此处填more。] ⑧(2011·江西卷)—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. —Why? It's ________than the films I have ever seen. A．far more interesting B．much less interesing C．no more interesting D．any less interesting 答案　A　[句意：“我不得不说，这部电影一点儿也没意思。”“为什么？它比我曾看过的电影有趣多了。”根据Why？可知第二句应与第一句持相反的观点，即“认为电影有趣”。而选项中只有A项表示有趣。far用在比较级前表示程度较大的差异。] ⑨(全国Ⅱ卷)Your story is perfect; I've never heard ________before. A．the better one B．the best one C．a better one D．a good one 答案　C　[形容词比较级表示两种事物的比较，a better one表示“比较好的一个”，用于否定句时，表示没有一个比你讲的故事再好的了。] ⑩(全国Ⅱ卷)—Did you take enough money with you? —No, I needed ________I thought I would. A．not so much as B．as much as C．much more than D．much less than 答案　C　[much more than I thought I would表示“需要的比我认为要用的要多得多”。根据“No”可判断出说话人没有带足够的钱。not so much as I thought I would表示“需要的钱没有我认为要用的多”，即表示已带足了钱。as much as I thought I would表示“需要的钱与我认为要用的钱一样多”。] ?(江苏卷)I wish you'd do ________talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. A．a bit less B．any less C．much more D．a little more 答案　A　[less是little的比较级，表示“较少的”，根据所提供的情景some more work可判断出要少说话 ，多干活。] ?(湖北卷)What a table! I've never seen such a thing before.It is ________it is long. A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as C．not half as wide as D．as wide as not half 答案　C　[表示倍数或几分之几的数词放在as...as前。half表示“一半”，说明它的宽度不及长度的一半。] ?(全国Ⅱ卷)Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ________she was getting. A．heavier B．heavy C．the heavier D．the heaviest 答案　A　[根据句意可判断出玛丽称体重的目的是看自己的体重增加了多少，所以要用形容词的比较级。] ?(上海卷)We were in ________when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. A．a rush so anxious B．a such anxious rush C．so an anxious rush D．such an anxious rush 答案　D　[such后接名词，正确的词序是：such an anxious rush。so后接形容词，正确的词序是：so anxious a rush。] ?(安徽卷)John is the tallest boy in the class, ________according to himself. A．five foot eight as tall as B．as tall as five foot eight C．as five foot eight tall as D．as tall five foot eight as 答案　B　[five foot eight意为“五英尺八英寸”，放在as tall as后表示个子的高度。] ?(北京春季卷)In that case, there is nothing you can do ________than wait. A．more B．other C．better D．any 答案　B　[other than除了。句意为：那样的话，你除了等待之外无事可做。],9.注意比较结构中的省略现象。 在日常交际中，彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略。 —What do you think of the film? —I have never seen a better one.(后边省略了than the film) 10．貌似比较级的一些习惯用语 ①less than/not less than/no less than/no less A than B(同……一样，表强调) English is not less important than Maths. 英语同数学一样重要。 ②more than/not more than/no more than/more A than B (与其说B倒不如说A) She is more thoughtless than stupid. 与其说她笨，倒不如说她粗心。 ③other than In no country other than Britain can one experience four seasons within a single day. 只有英国你才可以在一日之内体验四季的变化。 下列情况用to不用than a．prior to较早的，较重要的 The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。 b．superior to优越，高于 In maths he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。 c．inferior to下等的，次的 These apples are inferior in flavour to those. 这些苹果的味道不如那些。 d．senior to年长的，地位高的 He is two years senior to me.他比我大两岁。 e．prefer...to...更倾向于…… I prefer this to that.我喜欢这个胜过喜欢那个。 f．be similiar to/the same as/match/equal/be different from/differ from/compared with/in contrast to等短语也有比较意味。

热点2·3 ①(浙江卷)________students are required to take part in the boat race. A．Ten strong young Chinese B．Ten Chinese strong young C．Chinese ten young strong D．Young strong ten Chinese 答案　A　[考查定语排序。] ②(北京卷)All the people ________at the party were his supporters. A．present B．thankful C．interested D．important 答案　A　[present常作后置定语。]
Ⅰ.根据提示完成下列句子 ①—Is there anything new in today's newspaper? —No. ________．(没有新内容) ②I have ________(一些重要事情)to tell you. ③He did ________(可以做的一切事情)to make her happy. ④We have no ________(可用的房间)for you. ⑤People in the village, ________(老的和少的)，are fond of singing and dancing. 答案　①Nothing new　②something important　③everything possible　④rooms available　⑤old and young Ⅱ.将括号中所给形容词排序完成下列句子 ①The ________house smells as if it hasn't been cleaned for years.(white, wooden, little) ②—How was your recent visit to Qingdao? —It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ________days at the seaside.(few，sunny，last) ③This ________girl is Laura's cousin.(Spanish, little, pretty) 答案　①little white wooden　②last few sunny ③pretty little Spanish Ⅲ.根据提示完成下列句子 ①This city is a place ________(值得参观的)． ②He is the greatest ________(健在的诗人)． ③I found him ________(非常清醒的)． ④That ________(熟睡的男孩)is smiling now. 答案　①worth visiting　②poet alive　③wide awake　④fast asleep boy Ⅳ.单项填空 ①(北京卷)This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses ________water and electricity than ________models. A．less; older B．less; elder C．fewer; older D．fewer; elder 答案　A　[little用于修饰不可数名词，few修饰复数可数名词。water是不可数名词，要用little修饰。再根据than可确定用比较级，表示比老型号的洗衣机用的水和电少。older表示年龄大或时间长，意为“较老的”；elder用于表示人的出生顺序，意为“年长的”。] ②(北京卷)This ________girl is Linda's cousin. A．pretty little Spanish B．Spanish little pretty C．Spanish pretty little D．little pretty Spanish 答案　A　[形容词的顺序为：品质、年岁、国籍等。],
形容词的位置 一般情况下，形容词作定语放在被修饰词之前。但在下列情况下，形容词要放在被修饰词后面。 1．形容词作定语修饰由some-，any-，every-，no-和-body，-thing，-one等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。 There is nobody absent today. 今天没有人缺席。 2以-able或-ble结尾的形容词可置于由形容词最高级或only等词修饰的名词后面。 That is the only solution possible. 那是唯一可行的解决方法。 3．成对的形容词可以后置。 There was a huge room, simple and beautiful. 有一个大房间，简单而美丽。 4．当“形容词＋不定式”构成的短语作定语时，需后置。 A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with. 一个如此难以取悦的人一定很难共事。 5．当old, long, high, wide, deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时，需后置。 At that time she was only a girl five years old. 那时，她只是一个5岁的小女孩。 6．多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 当两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。如：a small wonderful gift。 常用的顺序为：限定词(these, those)＋数量形容词(three)＋描绘性形容词(beautiful)＋大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large, long, high)＋新旧(old)＋颜色(red)＋国籍(Chinese)＋材料(wooden)＋用途(writing)＋被修饰名词(desk)。 为了方便记忆，不妨试试如下口诀： 限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老； 颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。 7．表语形容词 表语形容词(如：afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive，alike, ashamed, afloat, well, sorry, unable, worth, sure)并非只能作表语，它们还可以作补足语，有的还可以作后置定语(一般不作前置定语)。 She was the only person awake that night. 她是那天晚上唯一醒着的人。
热点2·4 (2012·天津卷)The dog may be a good companion for the old. ________，the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage. A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Instead 答案　B　[狗可跟老人做伴，但遛狗也是麻烦事，逻辑转折，故选B。] (2012·四川卷)I make 2，000 a week. 60 surely won't make ________difference to me. A．that a big B．a that big C．big a that D．that big a 答案　D　[that相当于so，作程度副词。]
Ⅰ.句型转换 ①It was a hard job. He took it, though. ＝________it was a hard job, he took it. ＝It was a hard job. ________，he took it. ＝Hard ________the job was, he took it. ②He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him ever since. ＝We haven't heard from him ________he left home two weeks ago. 答案　①Though/although；However；as/though　②since Ⅱ.单项填空 ①(2012·四川卷)The hotel is almost finished, but it ________needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests. A．only B．also C．even D．still 答案　D　[句意：这家宾馆已经基本完工了，但是仍然需要一周或者两周的时间才能准备好让客人入住。本题考查副词辨析。only仅仅，只有；also(此外)还，也，而且；even甚至；still仍然，依然。根据句意可知答案选D。] ②(2012·湖南卷)Bicycling is good exercise; ________，it does not pollute the air. A．nevertheless B．besides C．otherwise D．therefore 答案　B　[句意：骑自行车是一项很好的锻炼；除此之外，它也不会污染空气。考查副词词义辨析。besides此外，而且。nevertheless然而，不过；otherwise否则；therefore因此。] ③(2011·江西卷)The house was too expensive and too big. ______，I'd grown fond of our little rented house. A．Besides B．Therefore C．Somehow D．Otherwise 答案　A　[句意：这个房子太贵、太大了，此外我已经越来越喜欢我们租的小屋了。本题考查副词辨析。besides此外；therefore因此；somehow不知怎么地；otherwise否则。前句“房子又贵、又大”以及后句“我对出租屋的感情越来越深”都是我们不买这个房子的原因。故答案为A。] ④(2011·全国Ⅱ卷)It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is ________another to play it well yourself. A．quite B．very C．rather D．much 答案　A　[句意：喜欢听好的音乐是一回事，但要自己演奏好它完全又是另外一回事。quite完全，强调在某方面十分突出。作此用法时，quite常与名词连用；another其实就是another thing的省略。very非常，修饰形容词或副词；rather修饰形容词、副词或带不定冠词的名词；much修饰不可数名词，在此不符合题意。故本题只能选A。] ⑤(2011·天津卷)The young man couldn't afford a new car.______， he bought a used one. A．Besides B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Still 答案　C　[句意：那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的。本题考查副词辨析。instead相反，取而代之；besides此外；otherwise否则；still仍然。根据句意C项正确。] ⑥(2011·安徽卷)________，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. A．Hopefully B．Normally C．Thankfully D．Conveniently 答案　C　[句意：谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。本题考查副词辨析。hopefully满怀希望地；normally正常地；thankfully感激地；conveniently方便地。根据句意判断，答案为C项。] ⑦(2010·辽宁卷)We only had 100 and that was ________to buy a new computer. A．nowhere near enough B．near enough nowhere C．enough near nowhere D．near nowhere enough 答案　A　[句意：我们只有100美元，离买台新电脑的钱还差得远呢。本题考查修饰词顺序。not anywhere near或nowhere near；far from，not at all远非，绝不是，为固定短语。] ⑧(2010·辽宁卷)Jim went to answer the phone. ________， Harry started to prepare lunch. A．However B．Nevertheless C．Besides D．Meanwhile 答案　D　[句意：Jim去接电话了。与此同时，Harry开始做午饭。本题考查副词的用法。A.然而；B.虽然如此；C.除此之外；D.与此同时。根据前后句逻辑关系，应选择表示并列关系的D。] ⑨(2010·浙江卷)Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky, ________？ A．though B．also C．either D．too 答案　A　[句意：在结冰的体育场上玩耍听起来很有趣。但难道不是很危险吗？本题考查副词辨析。分析语境可知两个句子之间是转折的关系，B、C和D三项都没有此用法；though有此用法，而且表转折时要放在句尾，通常用逗号和前面的内容隔开。] ⑩(2009·安徽卷)—Do you think it's a good idea to make friends with your students? —________， I do. I think it's a great idea. A．Really B．Obviously C．Actually D．Generally 答案　C　[句意：——你认为和你的学生交朋友是一个好主意吗？——是的，实际上我认为那是个很不错的主意。actually“实际上”，在句子中起加强语气的作用。really真正地；obviously明显地；generally大体上。] ?________none of us could solve the math problem; it is too difficult. A．Hardly B．Nearly C．Almost D．Seldom 答案　C　[考查副词。almost“几乎”。] ?(广东卷)Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn't always ________much to do. A．such B．that C．more D．very 答案　B　[修饰much要用that。that作副词的意思是“那样”，相当于so，that much那么多。] ?(北京春季卷)—I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down. —You can never be ________careful in the street. A．much B．very C．so D．too 答案　D　[can not...too, can never...too表示“怎么……也不为过”。] ?(江西卷)—Must I turn off the gas after cooking? —Of course. You can never be ________careful with that. A．enough B．too C．so D．very 答案　B　[never be too careful表示“怎么小心也不为过”。enough意为“只够的”，修饰形容词或副词要后置。very意为“非常”，用于否定句中表示“不会非常……”。],
1．有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语。 Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her.使她高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。 2．though, (ever)since, in case, however, yet等不仅可以作连词，也可以作副词。 She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though/however. 她答应要打电话来，可我没听到回信儿。 Although he spared no effort, yet he failed. 尽管他不遗余力，然而还是失败了。 3. 修饰原级 比较级 最高级  fairly √ × ×  pretty √ × ×  rather √ √ ×  quite √ × √  very √ × √  enough √ × ×  too √ × ×  备注：fairly，pretty常修饰褒义词 (1)rather too adj./adv.(原级) rather可位于不定冠词的前/后 a rather pretty girl rather a pretty girl rather还可修饰动词 (2)quite还有completely之意，可修饰含绝对意义的形容词/副词和最高级。 quite perfect/quite the best quite可于不定冠词的前/后 quite a few students a quite pretty girl quite还可修饰名、代、动等。 (3) very much  a 修饰一般的adj./adv. (原级) very good/well修饰adj./adv. (最高级)/the very best much修饰以a开头的表语形容词 much afraid； much too adj./adv much too good/well much adj./adv.(比较级) much better不能修饰  b v.ing→adj. very exciting ——  c v.ed→adj. very pleased v.ed→adj. much pleased  ※注意：v.-ed→adj.时very/much皆可修饰，much最佳；v.-ed动词意义强时则只用much修饰。 He is very/much satisfied with my work. He was much moved by my words. very adj.表强调 this/that/these/those/the/one's very n. This is my very pen. 这就是我的钢笔。 rather too adj./adv.(原级) much too adj./adv.(原级) far too adj./adv.(原级) rather/much/far too far too much n．(不可数)too much water (4)①enough作副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词之后。 Strangely enough, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. 很奇怪，一些著名的科学家具有粗心和细心双重特点。 ②cannot...enough＝can not/never...too...　 再……也不为过 (5)too...to... He is too sick to go home. 他很想回家。
热点2·5 (2010·安徽卷)________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic 答案　D　[考查形容词作状语，根据句意，她时常微笑，撒播阳光，故应选lighthearted and optimistic。]
Ⅰ.填上固定搭配的形容词或副词 ①He's ________/________drunk(＝very drunk)．他喝得酩酊大醉。 ②He's ________awake.他完全没有睡意。 ③It's raining/snowing ________．雨/雪下得很大。 ④He's ________/________asleep.他睡得很沉。 ⑤He's moving/breathing/drinking/smoking ________． 他吃力地移动/喘着粗气/酒喝得多/烟抽得多。 ⑥The traffic/His moustache is ________．交通拥挤/他的胡子浓密。 ⑦The population of China is ________than that of America. 中国的人口比美国的多。 ⑧The price of the book is ________/______．(＝The book is ______/________．)这本书的价格高/低。(这本书贵/便宜。) ⑨They are very much ________．　他们非常相像。 ⑩He returned home, ________．　他回到了家，安然无恙。 答案　①dead；blind　②wide　③heavily　④sound；fast　⑤heavily　⑥heavy ⑦larger　⑧high/low；expensive/cheap　⑨alike　⑩safe and sound Ⅱ.根据提示完成下列句子 ①The hawk was flying ________in the sky. We spoke ________of him.(high/highly) ②Don't come too ________． I ________resemble my father.(close/closely) ③The train stopped ________． She turned ________pale.(dead/deadly) ④The village is ________of mud houses. She is the ________beautiful girl in the college.(most/mostly) ⑤Fix the post ________in the ground.(firm/firmly) ⑥The desk was ________in the center of the room.(direct/directly) 答案　①high；highly　②close；closely　③dead；deadly　④mostly；most　⑤firm　⑥directly Ⅲ.单项填空 ①(上海春季卷)What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! —During the winter I like my house ________． A．warmly and comfortably B．warm and comfortable C．warm and comfortably D．warmly and comfortable 答案　B　[形容词作宾补。] ②(广东卷)John is very lazy. He falls ________behind in his studies. A．very B．far C．more D．still 答案　B　[fall far behind意为“远远落后”，表示“在学习方面远远落后”。far作副词表示程度，意思是“很，极，大……得多”，如，far ahead远在前面。far away(off)意为“远隔，在老远处”；the far distant past意为“久远以前”。] ③(广东卷)The great success of this programme has been ________due to the support given by the local businessmen. A．rather B．very C．quickly D．largely 答案　D　[largely修饰due to表示程度，很大程度上归功于。rather和very常用于修饰形容词或副词；quickly快速地。] ④(全国Ⅱ卷)I must be getting fat. I can ________do my trousers up. A．fairly B．hardly C．nearly D．seldom 答案　B　[do...up意为“扎起”。从上文可以看出：我一定是变胖了，几乎无法束起裤子。can hardly do几乎不能。],
1．形容词作状语表示状态 副词作状语表示方式 I bought the PC cheap. (当时电脑便宜也许买得贵。) I bought the PC cheaply. (电脑买得便宜，也许当时电脑贵。) 2．具有两种形式的副词 英语中有的副词兼有两种形式：一种是与形容词同形；另一种是在该形容词后面加副词词缀-ly构成。这两种形式的副词在词义和用法上有一定的差异，有的甚至完全不同。 与形容词同形的副词表示具体意思，而加-ly构成的副词表示抽象意思。 The kite is flying high.(具体) He was highly thought of.(抽象) ※差异较大的组词 ① ② ③most最大程度地；mostly大部分；主要地 ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ 3．漫淡-ly词缀 ①n.＋ly→adj.(处于……状态或关系) friendly, brotherly ②n.＋ly→adj./adv.(间隔……时间发生) weekly ③n.＋ly→adj.(具有……特征) manly，womanly ④n.(容器)＋ly→adj.(满满一……的) mouthful, spoonful ⑤adj.＋ly→adv.(以……方式) carefully, hopefully ※deadly adj.致命的　lively adj.生机勃勃的
热点2·6 (2012·福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________respected. A．especially B．equally C．naturally D．normally 答案　B　[根据句意，无论官员还是司机，都应平等，同样被尊重，故选equally，考查副词辨析。]
Ⅰ.单项填空 ①(2012·辽宁卷)We used to see each other ________，but I haven't heard from him since last year. A．especially B．regularly C．particularly D．approximately 答案　B　[句意：我们以前经常见面，但自从去年我再也没收到他的音讯。考查副词辨析。根据语境选B。especially特别，尤其；regularly经常地，有规律地；particularly特别，尤其；approximately大概，大约。] ②(2012·浙江卷)The research lacks ________evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful. A．solid B．fierce C．severe D．potential 答案　A　[句意：这项研究缺乏确凿的证据，因此，其结论也值得怀疑。此题考查形容词的辨析。solid结实的，固体的，可靠的；fierce凶猛的，强烈的；severe严重的；potential潜在的。根据句意，选A。] ③(2012·湖北卷)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr. Smith to see what we can do about it，” Father suggested ________to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem. A．tentatively B．thoughtlessly C．definitely D．rudely 答案　A　[句意：“或许我们需要把Smith博士请来看看我们该怎么办。”父亲试探性地向前来讨论问题的邻居建议。考查副词辨析。tentatively表示“试探性地”；thoughtlessly表示“粗心地，草率地”；definitely表示“明确地，确切地，一定地，肯定地”；rudely表示“粗鲁地，无礼地”。] ④(2012·湖北卷)Can you tell the ________difference between the words “require”and “request”？I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings. A．dramatic B．regional C．apparent D．subtle 答案　D　[句意：你能告诉我“require”和“request”的细微差别吗？我有时候会被它们的意思搞糊涂。考查形容词辨析。subtle表示“细微的”；dramatic表示“戏剧性的”；regional表示“地区的，区域的”；apparent表示“显然的，明白的，表面上的，貌似的”。] ⑤(2012·湖北卷)Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained ________；people are still looking for other possible solutions. A．unchallenged B．relevant C．controversial D．contradictory 答案　C　[句意：这个地区的这些楼房是否应该拆除还有争议，人们还在寻找其他可能的解决办法。考查形容词辨析。controversial表示“引起争论的，有争议的”；unchallenged表示“无挑战性的”；relevant表示“有关的，切题的”；contradictory表示“相矛盾的”。] ⑥(2012·福建卷)—Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind? —Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still ________． A．available B．affordable C．acceptable D．valuable 答案　A　[句意：——你能借给我《飘》这本书吗？——对不起，我刚才还给图书馆了。也许仍可以借得到。本题考查形容词辨析。available可得到的；affordable付得起的；acceptable可接受的；valuable有价值的。] ⑦(2012·山东卷)Be ________—you can't expect me to finish all this work in so little time. A．reasonable B．confident C．creative D．grateful 答案　A　[句意：要理智——你不可能期望我在如此短的时间里把这项工作全部做完。本题考查形容词辨析。A：合理的，公道的，理智的；B：自信的；C：创造性的；D：感激的，表示感谢的。] ⑧(2012·安徽卷)Interest is as ________to learning as the ability to understand, even more so. A．vital B．available C．specific D．similar 答案　A　[句意：对于学习来说，兴趣和理解能力同样重要，甚至(兴趣)更重要。考查形容词辨析。vital至关重要的；available现成可使用的，可利用的，可得到的；specific特定的，具体的；similar相似的，类似的。根据句意可知选A项。] ⑨(2012·天津卷)The secretary arranged a(n)________time and place for the applicants to have an interview. A．important B．spare C．public D．convenient 答案　D　[句意：秘书为申请人安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。考查形容词辨析。convenient方便的，便利的；important重要的；spare业余的；public公开的。D项符合语境。] ⑩(2011·福建卷)Nowadays, there is a ________increase in children's creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents. A．sharp B．slight C．natural D．modest 答案　A　[句意：如今，儿童的创造力急剧增强，因为他们受到极大鼓励去发展他们的才智。本题考查形容词词义辨析。sharp急剧的；slight微小的；natural自然的；modest适度的。根据句意可知，正确答案为A项。] ?(2011·浙江卷)The professor could tell by the ________look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture. A．cold B．blank C．innocent D．fresh 答案　B　[句意：教授从玛丽亚眼中那茫然的神色可以看出她一点也不懂得他的演讲内容。本题考查形容词辨析。cold look冷淡的神色；blank look茫然的神色；innocent look天真的神色；fresh look新的见解。] ?(2011·浙江卷)I've been writing this report ________for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. A．finally B．immediately C．occasionally D．certainly 答案　C　[句意：我最近两星期偶尔写写这份报告，但是明天得交上去了。本题考查副词辨析。finally最后；immediately立刻，马上；occasionally偶尔；certainly当然。] ?(2011·浙江卷)My schedule is very ________right now, but I'll try to fit you in. A．tight B．short C．regular D．flexible 答案　A　[句意：我现在的时间安排比较紧，但我会尽量把你安排进来。本题考查形容词辨析。tight紧密的，密集的。如：a tight schedule紧凑的日程安排；short短缺的；regular有规律的、定时的；flexible灵活的。根据句意，前后两分句有转折之意，故A项符合题意。],
Ⅰ.在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义 从复现的频率来看，此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。 经过统计，常见常考的形容词和副词有(按频度排列)： even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising； 还有以下形容词和副词应当熟悉和掌握： a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively；adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; enhancing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; generously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevitable; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordinary；other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; practical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unavoidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; various; weak; well Ⅱ.拿高分不得不“备”的常考形容词、副词词义辨析 高考经常考查的形容词 1．special, especial, specific, particular, peculiar的区别 这些形容词均有“特殊的，特别的”之意。 special是普通用词，指不同于一般，与众不同；突出与一般不同，或侧重强调事物的专门性。 especial和special含义很接近，但侧重有特殊意义或重要性。 specific着重指某种事物具有的特殊或特定的属性，也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。 particular侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性。 peculiar强调怪异的，不同寻常的。 2．economic, economical, financial的区别 这些形容词均含有“经济的”之意。 economic指与political“政治的”相对而言的“经济的”。 economical意为“实惠的，省钱的，经济的”。 financial意为“财务的，金钱的，财政的，财力的”。 3．effective, efficient的区别 这两个形容词均有“有效的”之意。 effective侧重产生实际的效果、效力或具有取得预期效果的能力。 efficient侧重积极有效，效率高，效果好，节省精力。指人时，强调能干，有能力。 4．actual, real, true的区别 actual意为“实际的，现实的”，强调某事或某物是真的或真实存在的。 Could you offer us actual figures? 您能否为我们提供实际的数字？ real意为“真的”，与“假的”相对。指物品的外表与实质一致，不是仿造或模型之类的东西。 Was it a real man or a ghost? 那是真的人还是鬼魂？ true意为“事实的，真正的”。指现实中存在的而不是被创造的或猜测的东西，多用来修饰抽象名词。 I don't think what he has said is true. 5．common, general, ordinary, usual, normal的区别 这些形容词都有“普通的，平常的”之意，但有差异。 common侧重“普通的，常见的”，表示普遍存在。如：a common saying俗话。 general侧重“普遍的”之意，表示在大多数人中流行并受到关注。如：the general opinion一般舆论 ordinary与common同义，侧重“平凡的，普通的”，表示没有什么不同，不值得惊奇。 usual意为“通常的，惯常的”，指习惯性做的事情，其反义词为unusual。 It's a usual thing with him.这对他来说是平常事。 normal意为“正常的，一般的”。 6．alive, live, living, lively的区别 alive(作表语或后置定语)指“有生命的，还活着的”。 After the earthquake, they found the woman alive, but a few minutes later, she was dead. 地震过后，他们发现那位妇女还活着，但几分钟后，她就死了。 live表示“活的，有生命的”时(无比较等级)只能作定语，主要用于动物等。若用在表语位置，就要用alive。但当live表示“带电的”时，可用作表语。如：a live fish一条活鱼。 The wire is live.这根电线有电。 living“活的，在使用的，活着的”，可用作表语、定语。 a living language现在使用的语言。 He is still living at the age of 106.他已106岁了，仍然健在。 lively“活泼的，生气勃勃的，生动的”，可用作表语、定语。 She is as lively as a bird.她快活得像只小鸟。 a lively description of a football game对一场足球比赛的生动描述 ?(2011·江苏卷)In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are ________． A．special B．regional C．optional D．original 答案　C　[句意：在那所学校，对于所有学生来说英语是必修科目，但是法语和俄语是选修科目。本题考查形容词辨析。compulsory必修的，与其相对应的词是optional(选修的)，故选C项。special特别的，专门的；regional地方性的；original最初的，原始的，均不符合题意。] ?(2011·湖北卷)The old engineer's eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was ________，though slow. A．shaky B．heavy C．casual D．steady 答案　D　[句意：这位老工程师黝黑的脸上布满皱纹，但是他的双眼依旧炯炯有神。他走过房间时，脚步虽然缓慢，但是每一步都迈得很稳。本题考查形容词辨析。与后面的slow呼应，这里用steady表示“平稳的，不摇晃的；牢固的”。A“摇晃的”，B“沉重的”，C“随便的，漫不经心的”，都不符合句意。] ?(2011·湖北卷)An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character; however, they are not always________． A．practical B．avoidable C．permanent D．beneficial 答案　C　[句意：不快乐的童年对一个人的性格可能有负面影响，但是这些负面影响并不总是永久的。本题考查形容词辨析。四个形容词选项的含义：A“实用的，实际的”，B“可避免的”，C“永久的，固定的”，D“有益的，有利的”。从语境的连贯判断选C，表示“永久的”。] ?(2011·湖北卷)The state-run company is required to make its accounts as ________as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money. A．transparent B．reasonable C．secure D．formal 答案　A　[句意：这家国有公司被要求使自己的账目尽可能透明，以便其员工监督对资金的使用。本题考查形容词辨析。transparent“透明的，明显的，清楚的”，符合句意。reasonable合理的，讲道理的；secure安全的；formal正规的，正式的。] ?(2011·江西卷)She has already tried her best. Please don't be too ________about her job. A．special B．responsible C．unusual D．particular 答案　D　[她已经尽力了，请不要对她的工作太挑剔。be too particular about...对……太挑剔。special特殊的；responsible有责任的；unusual不同寻常的。] ?(2010·湖北卷)In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ________view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future. A．private B．personal C．unique D．different 答案　B　[句意：在本次讲座中，我只能就我们如何才能让自己的日子过得更充实些给你们提供纯粹个人的观点，并就未来的发展提供一些建议。本题考查形容词辨析。从语境和四个选项的主要含义判断选B项。personal个人的，私人的。另外三个选项的主要含义；private私有的，私用的，私人的，秘密的，隐秘的，其反义词是public；unique唯一的，独一无二的，独特的；different不同的。] ?(2009·江苏卷)Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ________to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. A．sceptical B．addicted C．available D．sensitive 答案　D　[句意：与他的妹妹相比，Jerry对情感和人际关系方面的问题更敏感，更容易被困扰。sceptical怀疑的；addicted沉迷的；available(指物)可用的或可得到的，(指人)可会见的，可与之交谈的；sensitive敏感的，神经过敏的，易受伤害的。] Ⅱ.用合适的形容词填空 1．①Don't be ________ about him，after all he is a child. ②He came here with no ________ purpose—just to see us by the way. 2．①In China，one depends on parents' ________ help to finish his schooling. ②Faced with ________ problems，the government struggled to get out. 3．①The drug seems to be quite ________． ②So much work here and so little time left，________ action is badly needed. 4．①There's no ________ Jack here，but are you sure? ②Nothing is perfect，which is ________ of mobile phones. 5．①It's ________ belief that teaching is as much an art as a science. ②Don't worry，soon you'll get to ________ condition. 6．①The chief tried to escape，only to be caught ________． ②Never touch the ________ line—too dangerous. 答案　1.①particular　②special　2.①financial　②economic　3.①effective　②efficient　4.①real　②true　5.①general　②normal　6.①alive　②live,Ⅲ.选项中副词的辨析 考查副词的试题在高考完形填空中所占的比例不大，但是，在每套试题中都有所涉及。 1．almost和nearly的区别 两者均可表示“几乎”、“差不多”，均可修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等，肯定句中两者常可换用。It's almost/nearly impossible.那几乎是不可能的。 注意：修饰动词时，通常应放在行为动词之前，特殊动词之后；修饰形容词、副词、名词等时，通常应放在被修饰词语之前，否则会造成错误。 He worked almost all day.他工作了几乎一整天。 almost可与no, nobody, nothing, never等否定词连用，但nearly一般不这样用。 Almost no book may attract him.几乎没有什么书能吸引他。 但是，两者都可用在行为动词的否定式之前。 He almost/nearly didn't catch the bus.他差点没赶上公共汽车。 nearly前可用very, pretty, not等词修饰，但almost之前不能用这些词。 It's not nearly so difficult as you think. 这远不像你想象的那么难。注：not nearly意为“远非，绝不是”，是固定短语。 有时almost可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同)，此时不用nearly。 Our cat understands everything—he's almost human. 我们这只猫什么都懂——快通人性了。 2．aloud, loud和loudly的区别 aloud：出声地(有使能听得到的意味)，高声地(有使远处能听得到的意味)。如： They were reading texts aloud.他们在出声朗读课文。 loud：高声地，大声地，响亮地。常指在说、笑等方面。 He was giving his lecture loud enough. 他以足够响亮的声音发表演讲。 loudly：高声地。有时可与loud通用，但含有喧闹的意味。 Someone knocked loudly at the door.有人在大声敲门。
热点2·7 (浙江卷)Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________this year. A．the best B．better C．the most D．most 答案　B　[以比较级表达最高级。]
①(江苏卷)David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels ________desire to go to bed. A．the most B．more C．worse D．the least 答案　D　[the least意为“最少的”。根据所提供的情景“he is still very excited now”可判断出他几乎没有上床睡觉的欲望。] ②(上海卷)Greenland, ________island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. A．it is the largest B．that is the largest C．is the largest D．the largest 答案　D　[the largest island in the world作Greenland的同位语。有些考生把这个句子理解成了定语从句，误选了选项B。如果这是非限制性定语从句，必须用关系代词which引导，而不用that。] ③(湖南卷)That doesn't sound very frightening, Paul. I've seen________. What did you like most about the film? A．better B．worse C．best D．worst 答案　B　[根据前句可判断出说话者曾经看过比这更吓人的电影。],
最高级 1．最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far, nearly, almost，by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like。如： The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。 2．最高级的表示方法 (1)the adj./adv.最高级 (2)否定词和比较级连用 (3)否定词和原级连用 He has never spent a more worrying day. 他度过了最担心的一天。 No one can run as fast as John in the school. 这个学校里谁也跑不过John。 3．在特定的语境最高级有特定的含义 He is the last one I hope to meet. 我最不想见的就是他。 4．表示绝对状态或具有绝对含义的形容词、副词，其实相当于最高级(不可被程度副词修饰，quite可以)。 绝对状态：dead, blind, deaf, empty, full, complete, absolute... 绝对含义：favorite, perfect...
1.加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习，尤其是一些常见的句型，要做到张口能诵的程度。在理解上不能留任何疑点。 2．加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习，要做到“词不离句，句不离文”。做题时，要结合语境，注意习惯用法和固定搭配，认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。 版权所有：高考资源网(www.ks5u.com)

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