B3 名词与冠词
热点3·2
Ⅰ.冠词填空
①I earn 10 dollars ________hour as ________supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
②The teacher asked us to write ________800-word-long composition.
③There's ________dictionary on ________desk by your side.
④I know ________John Lennon, but not ________one you know.
⑤They are twins, so they are of ________age.
⑥He has ________fine collection of paintings.
⑦Their affair is ________public knowledge.
⑧You need ________specialized knowledge to do this job.
⑨I don't want to have words with you. I prefer to have ________word with you.
⑩________W(w)ord came that the president would inspect them.
?The power supply was cut off. All of ________sudden, the lights went out.
?China has ________rather larger population than Canada.
?I will be back in two hours. After all, what you have just mentioned is not ______ matter of life and death.
?The diet is measured in ________calories, while the food is sold by ________pound.
?The cost of this product is calculated by ________weight.
?Many people are still in ________habit of writing silly things in ________public places.
?He was hit by a falling tree and killed on ________spot.
?He likes to talk on the phone while I prefer writing ________letters.
?Water is changed into ________steam by heat and into ________ice by cold.
?________W(w)ater in the well is sweet.
His daughter is always shy in ________public and she never dares to make a speech to ________public.
The little girl is very happy, ________flower on________head.
He turned ________politician many years ago.
答案 ①an；a ②an ③a；the ④a；the ⑤an ⑥a ⑦不填 ⑧不填 ⑨a ⑩不填 ?a ?a ?a ?不填；the ?不填 ?the；不填 ?the ?不填 ?不填；不填 ?The 不填；the 不填；不填 不填
Ⅱ.翻译句子
①Young man as he is, he has seen much of the world.
___________________________________________________________________
②Diligent student as he was, he didn't pass the exam.
____________________________________________________________________
答案 ①他虽然年轻，却已见过许多世面。 ②他虽然学习勤奋，但是没有通过考试。
Ⅲ.单项填空
①(2012·全国Ⅱ卷)He missed ________gold in the high jump, but will get ________second chance in the long jump.
A．the；the B．/；a C．the；a D．a；/
答案 C [句意：他没得到跳高的金牌，但是在跳远项目上还有一次机会。考查冠词。gold当金质奖牌讲时是可数名词，在本句中表特指，故第一空用定冠词，排除B、D两项；第二空考查冠词的活用，“a/an＋序数词”表示：又一，再一，“the＋序数词”表示顺序，本题第二空并不表示顺序，而表示“又一，再一”之意，故答案为C项。]
②(2012·山东卷)Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________comfort in those tough times.
A．the; the B．a; a C．a；/ D．/；a
答案 B [句意：在困难时期能够买得起一份饮品将会是一件令人感到欣慰的事。考查冠词的用法。a drink泛指一份饮品，a comfort是抽象名词具体化，指一件令人感到欣慰的事，故选B。]
③(2012·浙江卷)The development of industry has been ________gradual process throughout ________human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
A．/; the B．the; a C．a；/ D．a；a
答案 C [句意：在整个人类历史上，从石器时代到现代科技时代，工业的发展是一个渐进的过程。考查冠词的用法。两个空格处所限定的名词均是抽象名词，但是第一空是抽象名词具体化的用法，而第二空后human existence是抽象概念，故第一空用不定冠词，第二空用零冠词。]
④(2012·重庆卷)Sam has been appointed ________manager of the engineering department to take ______place of George.
A．/；/ B．the；/ C．the; the D．/；the
答案 D [句意：Sam已被任命为工程部的经理，以取代George。考查冠词的基本用法及习惯用法。第一空后为表示职务的名词，故用零冠词；take the place of...为固定动词短语，意为“取代”，所以选D项。]
⑤(2011·新课标全国卷)It is generally accepted that ________boy must learn to stand up and fight like ________man.
A．a；a B．a；the C．the; the D．a；/
答案 A [句意：人们普遍认为，男孩必须学会经得起考验并像男子汉一样去战斗。boy和man均为可数名词单数，在本句中都是表泛指，前面应该用不定冠词，故答案为A项。]
⑥(2011·全国Ⅱ卷)As he reached ________front door, Jack saw ________strange sight.
A．the; / B．a; the C．/；a D．the; a
答案 D [句意：杰克到前门时，他看到一个奇怪的景象。第一空处是特指前门，用定冠词；第二空后的sight在此是单数可数名词，意为“景象，情景”，表泛指，应用不定冠词，故选D。]
⑦(2011·山东卷)Take your time—it's just ________short distance from here to ________restaurant.
A．/；the B．a；the C．the；a D．/；a
答案 B [句意：别着急——从这里到餐馆只有很短的一段距离。第一空处用不定冠词a，泛指一段距离；restaurant在此处是特指，所以第二空用定冠词。]
⑧(2011·江西卷)—It's said John will be in a job paying over 60，000 ________year.
—Right, he will also get paid by ________week.
A．the; the B．a; the C．the; a D．a; a
答案 B [句意：——据说约翰将获得一个年薪超过六万美元的工作。——是的，他的工资将按周支付。本题考查冠词的用法。year为单数名词，与不定冠词连用意为：every year。而第二个空考查搭配，“by＋the＋表单位的名词”意为：论/按……，故答案为B项。]
⑨(2011·重庆卷)In communication, a smile is usually ________strong sign of a friendly and ________open attitude.
A．the；/ B．a; an C．a；/ D．the; an
答案 C [句意：在交流中，微笑总是强烈标志着友好和开放的态度。第一空后的sign为可数名词单数形式，在本句中表泛指，故用不定冠词；第二空前的并列连词and连接friendly和open，修饰attitude, friendly前已经有了不定冠词，故第二空不需要再加冠词。综上所述，答案为C项。]
⑩(2010·山东卷)If we sit near ________front of the bus, we'll have ________better view.
A．/；the B．/；a C．the; a D．the; the
答案 C [句意：如果我们坐在公共汽车前部，视野就会更好些。the front of表示某物体内部的前面；比较级前加不定冠词表示“一个更……的”。所以选C。]
?(2010·北京卷)First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________second chance to make ________first impression.
A．a；the B．the; the C．a；a D．the；a
答案 C [句意：第一印象最持久。毕竟，你不会再有机会去形成第一印象。第一空后有second，在此表示“再一次”，而不是表顺序，应用不定冠词；第二空后的first impression是泛指，也不是表示顺序，又根据题干可以判断impression在此处是可数名词，可数名词单数表泛指时需用不定冠词，故选择C项。]
?(2010·浙江卷)Many lifestyle patterns do such ________great harm to health that they actually speed up ________weakening of the human body.
A．a；/ B．/；the C．a；the D．/；/
答案 B [句意：很多生活方式对身体健康是很有害的，实际上它们能加快
体质变弱。do harm to...为固定短语，意为“对……有害”；第二空为特指的
用法，即特指体质变弱，故用定冠词the。]
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