B4代词  考 纲 解 读 1．人称代词的宾格在简略答语中的使用。 2．形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法。 3．it，one，that，ones，those作替代词的用法区别。 4．it表时间、天气、距离等及it作形式主语、形式宾语。 5．each, every, any的用法。 6．不定代词的用法。 考 情 解 读 考点 题量 年份 it用法 替代词 不定代词 其他代词  2008 0 2 7 3  2009 2 4 5 2  2010 2 2 5 5  2011 4 1 6 1  2012 3 3 1 5   趋 势 解 读 1．近五年高考代词的考查点仍集中在不定代词上。五年高考共考查24次，占考查代词试题总量的55%。2012年高考加重了对代词it的考查。 2．2013年高考对代词的考查将继续沿着两条主线前进：(1)试题注重情景干扰，注重特定语言环境中上下文的联系，而且题干的语义结构趋于复杂。(2)加强对语义较丰富、语法较复杂的不定代词的考查。

I would appreciate ________if you could come and help me with my work. A．that B．it C．this D．one 易误选A、C


很多考生认为this或that可以指代事情。this常指后面要讲到的事情，that常指前面讲过的事情，于是误选A或C。动词appreciate后面常接it, it作形式宾语，其实，其真正的宾语是后面整个句子的内容。故正确答案为B。  
My most famous relative of all, ________who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather. A．one B．the one C．he D．someone 易误选A、C、D


很多考生没有对句子结构进行认真分析，以致误选A、C或D。该题中句子的主干为“My most famous relative of all was Rob Sussel”，“my great-grandfather”为“Rob Sussel”的同位语，空格处作“My most famous relative of all”的同位语，其后又接了一个由关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句，因此“My most famous relative of all”为一个特定的人，故应填上一个表示特指的代词，故选B。  
The manager believes prices will not rise by more than ________four percent. A．any other B．the other C．another D．other 易误选A、B、D


选项A意为“任何其他的……”；选项B意为“(特指)其他的……”或“两者中的另一个”；选项D意为“其他的”。很多考生因为分不清它们的用法，且又没有理解句意，从而误选这些答案。根据句意“经理认为价格的上涨不会再超过4%”可知，应选another。在英语中，“another＋基数词＋名词”结构相当于“基数词＋more＋名词”结构，意为“再/又……”。故正确答案为C。  
His father has bought many books home, but ________is easy enough for him to read. A．none B．no one C．every one D．some one 易误选B


许多考生会根据but一词推测后面表否定意义，但是又考虑到空格后面没有介词of，于是误选B。no one通常用来指人。根据语境可知，空格后面省略了of the books, 因此正确答案为A。  
I don't think we've met before. You're taking me for ________． A．some other B．someone else C．other person D．one other 易误选A、C、D


有些考生不知道 else的用法，以致误选A、C或D项。else既可以用作形容词，也可以用作副词，意为“其他”，通常位于疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词的后面。someone else意为“别人”，用在这里正合适。故选B。  
基 础 盘 点  热 门 考 点 1．人称代词、反身代词； 2．it； 3．both, all, either, any, each, every, neither的用法； 4．some, any, no，every与one, body, thing合成的不定代词； 5．other, another, the other, the others, others等； 6．one, ones, the ones，that，those等替代； 7．部分否定/全部否定。 关 注 节 点 3“热” 1“难”：4
热点4·1 (全国卷)Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. —Why ________？John is sitting there doing nothing. A．him B．he C．I D．me 答案　D　[Why me？以宾格代替主格，表示不满情绪。]
Ⅰ.单项填空 ①(2011·安徽卷)Surprisingly, Susan's beautiful hair reached below her knees and made ________almost an overcoat for her. A．them B．her C．itself D．herself 答案　C　[句意：让人吃惊的是，苏珊漂亮的头发下垂至膝盖以下，好像成了她的一件外衣。本题考查代词的用法。设空处应指代Susan's beautiful hair，因为hair为不可数名词，所以排除A项；由题干中的主语Susan's beautiful hair及后面的for her可推断设空处不能指“人”，故排除B、D两项；itself在此处指代头发，故选项C为答案。] ②(2011·北京卷)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ________． A．them B．those C．it D．that 答案　C　[rate用单数表示“……率”，因此不能用them和those; that用来指代不可数名词且常和介词短语搭配，不符合题意；it就是指the employment rate。句意：由于地方政府的努力，大城市的就业率在持续上升。故选C项。] ③(2010·四川卷)On my desk is a photo that my father took of ________when I was a baby. A．him B．his C．me D．mine 答案　C　[根据短语搭配take a photo/picture of sb(给某人照相)以及后面从句的主语可知，应该选择C项。] ④—Mike, you don't seem to be quite ________today. —Well, I hardly slept last night. I was preparing for a report. A．itself B．yourself C．you D．ourselves 答案　B　[be oneself译为某人处于正常状态，固定用法。故选B。] ⑤(上海春季卷)Treat ________to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day. A．one B．oneself C．you D．yourself 答案　D　[祈使句的主语是you，所以要用yourself。反身代词是表示“自己，本身，亲自”意义的代词。反身代词表示动作的发出者将动作反射到自己身上，即句子的宾语或主语指的是同一对象。反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、同位语等成分。] ⑥(福建卷)—Who called me this morning when I was out? —A man calling ________Robert. A．his B．himself C．his D．不填 答案　B　[反身代词作calling的宾语，反身代词作动词的宾语表示称自己为Robert。calling的逻辑主语是a man，所以要用himself。him作宾语表示称另外一个人Robert。] ⑦(重庆卷)My grandma still treats me like a child. She can't imagine ______ grown up. A．my B．mine C．myself D．me 答案　D　[me是人称代词宾格，作imagine的宾语。因为主语是she，所以不能用反身代词作宾语。] ⑧(北京春季卷)There at the door stood a girl about the same height ________． A．as me B．as mine C．with mine D．with me 答案　B　[the same常与as连用，构成the same as，表示“与……相同”。所比较的是某人的身高，要用名词性物主代词mine。] ⑨(2009·湖南卷)Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems ________themselves and solve their problems ________themselves. A．to; by B．by; to C．for; to D．in; on 答案　A　[句意：大部分美国人愿意有问题自己担，并且靠自己来解决。keep...to oneself不把……告诉别人；by后接反身代词则表示“靠自己”。] Ⅱ.用含反身代词的介词短语完成下列句子 ①The machine will start ________in a few seconds. ②The money ________meant nothing to them. ③When I dine in a restaurant, I like a table ________． ④He is not ________today. ⑤When he woke up, he found ________ was in hospital. ⑥The food was on the table and no one was there, so he ate it________． 答案　①of itself　②in itself　③to myself　④himself　⑤himself ⑥to himself,
人称代词 以宾格代替主格 1．在无谓语的简短答语中 —Do you have good eyesight, young man? —“Me (having good eyesight)？” asked the boy. ※若答语有动词则须呈现为非谓语形式。 2．表示惊讶、不满、反问、不服等情绪 —I hear you've been married? —Me married? 3．than/as比较(不正式) He is taller than me.(※正式He is taller than I am.) 4．在be动词后(答语中) —Who is there? —It's me. 反身代词 含有反身代词的惯用语 (1)与介词连用 for oneself亲自 of oneself自动地 in oneself本质上 to oneself独自(享用、坚持等) by oneself单独地 beside oneself发狂地 Jim is not bad in himself, but he always plays tricks on other people.(本质上) 吉姆本质上不坏，但他经常耍些花招戏弄别人。 One would rather have a bedroom to oneself.(＝for one's own private use, not to be shared独自享用) 每个人都愿意有个自己的卧室。 He was beside himself with joy when he heard he had passed the exam.(＝almost mad with anger/excitement, etc.由于气愤、激动等而近乎发狂、忘形)当听说通过了考试，他欣喜若狂。 (2)与动词连用 enjoy oneself(＝have a good time)玩得开心，过得愉快 Behave yourself！(＝Be polite! Show good manners！)规矩点！ absent oneself缺课/缺勤 devote oneself to专心于；献身于 apply oneself to专心致志于 adatp oneself to适应于 treat oneself to...用……款待自己 make oneself at home不要客气 seat oneself(＝sit)坐 think for oneself(＝form one's own opinion)独立思考 ※一些跟oneself作宾语的动词 若去掉反身代词，则逻辑为被动 is wanting you.
热点4·2 (2012·陕西卷)No matter where he is, he makes ________a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. A．him B．this C．that D．it 答案　D　[it作形式宾语。]
Ⅰ.用it作形式主语或形式宾语补全下列句子 ①我认为我们开这个会是必要的。 I think ________that we have the meeting. ②努力劝他也没用。 ________trying to persuade him. ③众所周知，在世界上中国人口最多。 ________China has the largest population in the world. ④据说他们都去看电影了。 ________all of them have gone to the cinema. 答案　①it(is)necessary　②It is no use ③It is well known that　④It is said that Ⅱ.单项填空 ①(2011·天津卷)We feel ________our duty to make our country a better place. A．it B．this C．that D．one 答案　A　[句意：我们觉得让我们的国家成为一个更加美好的地方是我们的责任。本题考查代词的用法。根据句子结构可知：后面的不定式短语to make...place为真正的宾语，设空处应为形式宾语，四个选项中只有it可作形式宾语，故答案为A项。] ②(全国Ⅰ卷)If I can help ______， I don't like working late into the night. A．so B．that C．it D．them 答案　C　[if I can help it意为“如果我有办法”，表示有办法做某事，或有办法控制某个局面。所提供的情景I don't like working late into the night说明如果有办法，不喜欢工作到深夜。so意为“这样”，常用于省略句中，代替上文中的动作。that用于代替上文的内容。] ③(湖南卷)As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ________her duty to look after all the other people's affairs in that town. A．this B．that C．one D．it 答案　D　[it作形式宾语，to look after all the other people's affairs in that town作真正的宾语。不定式短语作宾语时，需移至宾语补足语之后，在原来宾语的位置上用引导词it作形式宾语，构成“make＋it＋形容词或名词＋不定式短语”结构，从而使句子保持平衡。] ④(山东卷)I'd appreciate ________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A．that B．it C．this D．you 答案　B　[it用来泛泛地指某事，可用于如I like it, I appreciate it等类似的句子，表示喜欢和赞赏某事。] ⑤(全国Ⅱ卷)—Do you like ________here? —Oh，yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is nice. A．this B．these C．that D．it 答案　D　[用it指代下句中的the air, the weather, the way of life，其他代词不合适。] ⑥Everyone knows that ________is dangerous to play with fire, but ________is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire. A．it; it B．what; what C．it; what D．what; it 答案　C　[it在此题中作形式主语，真正的主语是to play with fire。] ⑦I hate ________when people talk with their mouths full. A．it B．that C．these D．them 答案　A　[it在此题中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句。] ⑧You may depend on ________that they are of much value. A．that B．these C．it D．them 答案　C　[depend on it that...“相信……”固定用法。故选C。],
it用法 1．it代替时间、距离、温度、天气、自然现象等 It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital. 2．it代替提到的事物 —I've broken a plate. —It(＝Breaking the plate)doesn't matter. 3．it代替人 ①性别不重要或不知道性别时 It's her baby. ②口语答语中 —Who is there? —It's me. ③强调句型中 It's he who often visits me. ④表示与人有关的特征、情况 He is over 50 but doesn't seem it. ⑤不了解基本情况 There comes a knock but who is it? 4．it作形式主语/形式宾语 (详见前名词性从句热点讲析) 5．it用于强调句型 (详见后特殊句式) 请牢记下列含it的固定用法： make it成功，做到，约定时间 as it is事实上，照原样 It depends.看情况而定。 Don't mention it.不客气。 Take it easy.别着急。 believe it or not信不信由你 see to it that...务必…… count/depend on it that...相信…… take it for granted that...认为……是理所当然的 take it that...认为……；理解为…… hate/like it when...讨厌/喜欢…… appreciate it if...很高兴…… can't help it if...……无可奈何 when it come to...当涉及到…… How comes it？这是怎么搞的？
热点4·3 ①(2012·重庆卷)—John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? —________．I'll be off to London then. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．None 答案　B　[两者全部否定。] ②(2012·上海卷)When he took his gloves off, I noticed that ______one had his name written inside. A．each B．every C．other D．another 答案　A　[两者中每一个。]
Ⅰ.根据提示完成下列句子 ①Mr. Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept ________(任何)of the three suggestions made by the Students' Union. ②There are many trees on ________side(＝both sides)of the street. ③________(都不)of the two cars is mine. Mine is under repair. ④________(所有的)horses are animals, but not ________(所有的)animals are horses. 答案　①any　②either　③Neither　④All；all Ⅱ.用each或every填空 ①He had a cut on ________foot. ②________child in the class passed the examination. ③________of the houses is slightly different. ④I asked all the children and ________told a different story. 答案　①each　②Every　③Each　④each Ⅲ.单项填空 ①(2011·辽宁卷)—Would you like tea or coffee? —________， thank you. I've just had some water. A．Either B．Both C．Any D．Neither 答案　D　[考查代词用法。句意：——你想要茶还是咖啡？——都不要，谢谢。我刚喝过一些水。根据答句中的“I've just had some water.”可知此处表示两者都不要，故用neither。] ②(2009·上海卷)—Wow! You've got so many clothes. —But ________of them are in fashion now. A．all B．both C．neither D．none 答案　D　[句意：——哇！你有这么多衣服啊。——但是现在没有一件是跟上潮流的了。根据句意，空格处应用否定代词，故排除A、B两项。注意neither和none的用法不同：前者表示“两者都不”，后者表示“三者或三者以上都不”。] ③(2009·陕西卷)Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn't answer ________of them. A．other B．any C．none D．some 答案　B　[句意：简被问了很多问题，但她一个都没回答。首先排除A项，因为没有“other of...”的形式；设空处前有否定词not，故排除C项和D项；any与not连用表全部否定，符合句意，故为答案。],
1．both, all, either, any, neither, none的用法 都 任何 都不  两者 both either neither  三者或三者以上 all any none  I've bought two books; you can have either. 我买了两本书，你要哪本都行。 2．any, every的区别 “any＋名词”表示“(三个或三个以上中的)任何一个”。 “every＋名词”表示“(三个或三个以上中的)每一个”。 not any表全部否定，而“not every＋名词”表部分否定。 I have many books here, and you can take any one.我这里有很多书，你可以拿任何一本。 Every student has to take the examination. ＝All the students have to take the examination.每个学生都必须参加考试。 3．each, every的区别 each强调“个体”，可作代词和形容词，指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”；every强调“全体”，只能作定语，指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。each作同位语时，谓语动词的数与主语一致；不可用not each表部分否定。 Each of my children goes to a different school. 我的几个孩子各自在不同的学校上学。 Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars. ＝The tickets cost 10 dollars each. ＝The tickets each cost 10 dollars. 每张票10美元。(后两句中each作同位语) Every man is not honest.＝Not every man is honest.并非每个人都诚实。
热点4·4 (2012·江西卷)My brother would like to buy a good watch but ________was available from that shop. A．nothing B．none C．no one D．neither 答案　B　[none(of good watches)没有一个。] (2012·福建卷)—Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? —4，000, or ________like that. A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing 答案　C　[something like有点像；大约。]
Ⅰ.用none, nothing, nobody(no one)填空 ①—How many people are there in the room? —________． ②—Who is in the room? —________． ③—Is there anyone in the room? —________． ④—Is there any person in the room? —________． ⑤I need some students to help me to carry the tools for the experiment, but there is ________． 答案　①None　②No one/Nobody　③No one　④None　⑤none Ⅱ.单项填空 ①(2012·课标全国Ⅰ卷)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but ________of them wants to, because they have work to do. A．either B．any C．neither D．none 答案　C　[句意：Larry让Bill和Peter跟他一起去野餐，但是他们俩都不想去，因为他们都有工作要做。本题考查不定代词。根据表转折关系的but及后面的内容可知，空格处应该表示否定，故排除A项和B项；neither指“两者都不”；none指“(三者或三者以上中)一个也没有”，根据语境可知此处表示两人，故排除D项。] ②(2012·江苏卷)Sophia waited for a reply, but ______ came.　 A．either B．another C．neither D．none 答案　D　[句意：索菲娅等待答复，但一个都没有。本题考查不定代词的用法。none三者或三者以上都不；either(两者中)任何一个；another再一个，另一个；neither两者都不。根据句意答案为D项。] ③(2011·全国Ⅱ卷)I got this bicycle for ________：My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 答案　D　[句意：这辆自行车我没花钱：我朋友买了新自行车，就把这辆旧的送给我了。本题考查代词。for nothing表示“免费，徒然”，符合语境。其他三项均与语境相悖。] ④(2011·浙江卷)Since people are fond of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as ________else. A．anything B．something C．anywhere D．somewhere 答案　C　[句意：因为人们喜欢，(所以)幽默不仅在谈话中，而且在其他任何场合同样受欢迎。anywhere else表示“其他任何场合”，照应前文in conversation，故C项为最佳答案。] ⑤(2011·湖南卷)I knew that ________would ever discourage him；he would never give up wanting to be a director. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 答案　D　[句意：我知道没有什么能够阻碍他，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。根据句意可知something(某事)，anything(任何事)，everything(每件事)，均不合题意，故排除。] ⑥(2011·四川卷)There is ________in his words. We should have a try. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 答案　A　[句意：他说的话不无道理，我们应该试一试。本题考查代词的用法。这里用代词something表示“被认为是重要的或值得注意的事物”；a thing that is thought to be important or worth taking notice of。如：It's quite something(＝a thing that you should feel happy about)to have a job at all these days.如今能有份工作就该知足了。其他选项都不符合语境。] ⑦(2010·江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 答案　C　[句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。本题考查不定代词。根据上文可知，空格处需要一个表示否定意义的词，所以C为答案。] ⑧(2010·天津卷)________in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A．Anything B．Nothing C．Everything D．Something 答案　B　[句意：我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次去参观故宫博物院。本题考查不定代词的用法。从题中so...as...搭配来看，设空处需要否定词，而nothing与比较结构连用，有“什么也不如……”的含义。] ⑨(2010·浙江卷)________that's important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. A．One B．All C．Everything D．Anything 答案　B　[句意：重要的是你正在尽最大努力并且前进的方向正确。在本句中that's important为定语从句。one某一个，指代可数名词，表示泛指；all所有，后加that引导的定语从句，相当于what或who引导的名词性从句；everything一切；anything任何事物。根据句意可知答案为B项。] ⑩(2009·全国Ⅱ卷)Charles was alone at home, with ________looking after him. A．someone B．anyone C．not one D．no one 答案　D　[句意：查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。no one＝nobody没有人。not one＝none, none用以复指前文出现的复数名词、不可数名词或代词，而本空前并没有复数名词、不可数名词或代词，故C项被排除。本题将代词的区别与with的复合结构结合起来考查，with的宾语为no one, looking after him作宾语补足语。],
1. something anything nothing everything  ①某物 ②具有某种性质的人、物、事 ①任何物 ②具有任何性质的人、物、事(具体为何性质不重要) ①无任 何物 ②无任何 价值的 人、物、事 ①所有物 ②最重要的人、物、事  ①something like a．有点像(外在、非本质的性 质、特征) b．有点(程度副词短语) ②something of有点像(内在、本质的性质、特征) anything but a．一点也不 b．一点也不(程度副词短语) nothing but 仅仅 ——  (1)Often dressed in red, he looks something like a girl. 经常穿红衣服，他看起来有点像个女的。 (2)I felt something like cold.我感觉有点冷。 (3)Rich in knowledge, he is considered something of a professor.知识渊博，人们看他像个教授。 (4)The film is anything but a success.这部电影很不成功。 (5)He is anything but foolish.他可一点也不傻。 (6)He is nothing but a doctor.他仅仅是个医生。 2. somebody nobody anybody everybody  ①某人 ②出名、有影响的人 ①无任何人 ②无影响、普通的人 任何人 所有人   (1)He is somebody here. 他在这里很出名。 (2)We're nobody, living on salary. 我们是普通人，靠工资生活。 3．none, nothing, nobody(no one)的用法 none 指人或物，相当于no＋名词；可回答how many, how much的提问；可与of连用 —How much money do you have？ —None. ——你有多少钱？ ——一点也没有。 I want some more cheese, but there's none left.我想再吃点奶酪，但是一点也没剩。 As we were asleep, none of us heard the sound.由于我们在睡觉，因此没人听到那声音。  nothing 指物；可回答what的提问 —What are you doing now？　 —Nothing. ——你现在在干什么？ ——什么也没干。  nobody (no one) 指人；可回答who的提问 —Who is in the room？ —No one/Nobody. ——谁在屋里？ ——没人。   ※no one无任何人　nothing无任何物 none无所提及的人、物
热点4·5 (2011·上海卷)To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ________． A．the other B．other C．the others D．another 答案　D　[another(cup of coffee)另一杯咖啡。]
①(2010·安徽卷)You are a team star! Working with ________is really your cup of tea. A．both B．either C．others D．the other 答案　C　[句意：你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。本题考查代词。both和either指两者，首先被排除；the other有范围限定，意为“其余的”，而题干中没有范围和数量限制，故也被排除。others意为“其他的、另外的或别的人或事物”，符合题意要求，故为答案。sb's cup of tea—what sb likes, is interested in, etc某人所喜爱、所关注的等。又如：Skiing isn't really my cup of tea.滑雪不算是我的嗜好。] ②(2009·山东卷)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn't face ________day like that. A．other B．another C．the other D．others 答案　B　[句意：昨天一整天我的心情都很郁闷，以至于今天早晨我想再过那么一天我就会受不了。another day泛指“另外一天”；other作定语时其前通常加some, several, one等限定词；the other强调两者中的另一个；others不作定语。] ③(天津卷)We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let's have ________one this month. A．the other B．some C．another D．other 答案　C　[another是“另一个”的意思，指多个东西中的另一个，具有名词或形容词性质。因为野餐的次数很多，所以要用another表示“另一次”。the other＋单数名词或one表示“(两个中的)另一个”，因为不仅仅进行两次野餐，所以是错误的。some意为“一些，某个”。other后接复数名词，表示“其他的”。] ④(上海春季卷)Both sides have accused of breaking the contract ________． A．another B．the other C．neither D．each 答案　B　[“the other＋单数名词”表示“(两个中的)另一个”，根据上文中的both sides可判断出双方相互指责对方违约。another是“另一个”的意思，指多个东西中的另一个，具有名词或形容词性质。neither(两者)都不；each每一个，表示多于两个。] ⑤(上海卷)I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To ________else, it was hard to make out. A．none B．everyone C．someone D．anyone 答案　D　[anyone用于肯定句中表示“任何人”，anyone else意为“其他任何人”，表示对其他任何人来说很难弄明白。none意为“没谁，没人，没有任何事物，没有任何一点”，指代人、事物或东西的一部分，可以独立使用，也可同of结合，作主语时，动词使用单、复数形式均可。everyone意为“每个人”。someone意为“某人”。] ⑥(上海卷)No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of ________． A．others B．the other C．either D．another 答案　B　[the other意为“另一方”。因为谈判是两方，所以要用the other表示“另一方”。others相当于other＋可数名词复数形式，意思是“另外一些”。either的意思是“(两者中的)任何一个都”。another是“另一个”的意思，指多个东西中的另一个，具有名词和形容词性质，在句中作主语、宾语和定语等，可指人也可指物。] ⑦Some of the wheat is from Canada. What about ______？ A．another B．the other C．others D．the rest 答案　D　[代替不可数名词，分两部分，故选D。] ⑧He will drop in on us ________day. A．some others B．another C．other D．the rest 答案　B　[another是“另一个”的意思。句意：他会另外安排一天拜访我们。] ⑨(北京春季卷)If this dictionary is not yours, ________can it be? A．what else B．who else C．which else's D．who else's 答案　D　[who else其他什么人。条件状语从句中所说是谁的词典，主句的主语要用所有格who else's，表示其他什么人的。] ⑩(全国卷)If you want to change for a double room, you'll have to pay ________15. A．another B．other C．more D．each 答案　A　[another在一般情况下后接单数名词或者one，表示“另外一个”。但如果复数名词前有数词时，可用another，表示“另外多少个”。],
1. other adj. others pron. the other adj.  other n．(pl.) ＝other n．(pl.) the other n．(pl.)  三或以上部分 三或以上部分 两者/部分  ①相互代词each other ②基数词＋other/more＋n.(常pl.) some...others一些……另外一些 one...the other ①两者时the other后单数名词常省略 ②两部分时the other后跟复数名词  the others pron. another adj. the rest pron.  ＝the other n．(pl.) another(single)   两部分 三或以上部分 代不可数名词  —— ①相互代词one another ②one after another ③another＋基数词＋n.(pl.)＝基数词＋other＋n.(pl.) ——  2.else adj常跟在不定代词或疑问词后 There is nothing else to say. 别的无啥可说的啦。 What else do you want? 其它的你还需要什么？ Would you please make it some other day？(＝another day) 请您另外安排一天行吗？ He will stay here for another 3 days.(＝3 more days) 他还要在这里待三天。
热点4·6 (2010·山东卷)Helping others is a habit, ________you can learn even at an early age. A．it B．that C．what D．one 答案　D　[one与a habit构成同位语。] (2012·浙江卷)Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to ________of McDonald's. A．those B．ones C．any D．all 答案　A　[比较替代those代替the items。]
①(2012·辽宁卷)If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get ________for me? A．one B．such C．this D．that 答案　A　[句意：如果你从报亭买今天的报纸，你能帮我买一份吗？考查不定代词的基本用法。one用来替代前面出现的表示泛指的单数名词，相当于a/an＋单数名词，以避免重复。在本题中one替代a paper。] ②(2011·福建卷)We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ________based on your own interests. A．either B．each C．one D．it 答案　C　[句意：我们为你们的假期准备了各种各样的夏令营。你们可以根据自己的兴趣选一个。本题考查代词的用法。one指代前文提到的同类事物，但不是同一个，表泛指；either指两者之中任一个；each强调两者或两者以上的“每个”，强调“个体”；it指代前文提到的同一事物。根据句意可知，正确答案为C项。] ③(2010·陕西卷)The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than ________in any other area of the city. A．that B．this C．it D．one 答案　A　[句意：西安市中心的房租比这个城市其他地段的房租都贵。本题考查的是代词的指代。首先将此句改为：The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than the cost in any other area of the city.然后考虑用that代替特指的不可数名词the cost。] ④(2009·北京卷)Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ________extra stress. A．it B．them C．one D．him 答案　A　[句意：做家长不容易，做一个有特殊需求孩子的家长更具有压力。此题考查代词。it指代前面的“being the parent of a child with special needs”。] ⑤(2009·全国Ⅱ卷)The CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get ________completely free. A．other B．others C．one D．ones 答案　C　[句意：CD减价销售了！买一赠一。本题考查替代词的用法。首先将本题改为：The CDs are on sale! Buy one CD and you get another CD completely free.然后考虑用one代替泛指的单数名词。ones替代泛指的复数名词。其他两项可根据句意直接排除。] ⑥(全国Ⅰ卷)The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ________ spoken in England. A．which B．what C．that D．the one 答案　C　[句意：美式英语和英式英语仅仅存在着细微的差别。that是代词，代替前面特指的名词the English。完整句子是：The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from the English spoken in England. English是不可数名词，one只能替代可数名词，排除D；A、B两项是连词，放在句中语法结构错误。] ⑦(全国卷)Few pleasures can equal ________of a cool drink on a hot day. A．some B．any C．that D．those 答案　C　[that在句子中代表the pleasure。一些考生只注意到few pleasures是复数，而没有注意到这里指的是饮一杯冷饮的乐趣，误填了those。] ⑧(全国卷)Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________I will always treasure. A．that B．one C．it D．what 答案　B　[one指代moment作同位语，一个永远珍惜的时刻。I will always treasure是定语从句，作one的定语，省略了关系代词which或that。],
one, ones, the one， the ones, that, those的区别 替　代  one a/an＋单数名词  ones 零冠词＋复数名词  the one the＋单数名词(有时偶尔可用that代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下)  the ones the＋复数可数名词，有时可用those代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)  that the＋单数/不可数名词  those the＋复数名词  Mr.Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one(＝a present)that I had never seen. 张先生给了我一个非常珍贵的礼物，一个我从来没见过的(礼物)。 Mr.Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones(＝many presents)that I had never seen. 张先生给了我很多珍贵的礼物，这些(礼物)是我从来没见过的。 The book on the desk is better than that/the one(＝the book)under the desk. 桌子上那本书比桌子底下那本书好。 The books on the desk are better than those/the ones(＝the books)under the desk. 桌子上那些书比桌子底下那些书好。 I prefer a house in the countryside to one in the city. 我宁要乡下的也不要城里的房子。
热点4·7 (全国卷)I haven't read ________of his books, but judging from the one I have read, I think he'll make a very promising writer. A．any B．none C．both D．either 答案　C　[not和both连用表示部分否定。]

①(全国Ⅰ卷)We haven't enough books for ________；some of you will have to share. A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 答案　C　[根据所提供的情景some of you will have to share可判断出书籍不够每人一本。] ②(全国卷)I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ________． A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 答案　A　[I don't agree with everything.是一个部分否定的句子，和前面的I agree with most of what you said.(我同意你说的大部分意见)意思相近。],
全部否定和部分否定 all, both, everyone, everybody, everything以及“every＋名词”都表示全部肯定； no one, neither, none, nobody, nothing, not...any以及“no＋名词”都表示全部否定； 当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。此外，not与总括性副词如everywhere, always，wholly, completely，altogether等连用时也表示部分否定。 Not all of them smoke.＝All of them don't smoke. 他们当中不是所有的人都抽烟。 All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem. 这些男孩都很聪明，但他们当中没有一个能解出这道题。 Such a thing can't be found everywhere. 这种事并非到处可见。
1.明确指代。在做题时，我们应首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象，以避免误判。 应从以下几方面考虑： (1)代词指代的是人还是物； (2)代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词； (3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念； (4)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上； (5)代词所表示的概念是肯定的还是否定的。 2．理清逻辑。通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系做出正确判断。 应从以下两方面去考虑： (1)代词所表示的范围； (2)代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。 版权所有：高考资源网(www.ks5u.com)

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