C Who’s in control of your life? Who is pulling your string? For the majority of us, it’s other people—society, colleagues, friends, family or our religious community. We learned this way of operating when we were very young, of course. We were brainwashed. We discovered that feeling important and feeling accepted was a nice experience and so we learned to do everything we could to make other people like us. As Oscar Wilde puts it, “Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else’s opinions, their lives a mimicry(模仿), their passions a quotation.” So when people tell us how wonderful we are, it makes us feel good. We long for this good feeling like a drug. Therefore, we are so eager for the approval of others that we live unhappy and limited lives, failing to do the things we really want to. Just as drug addicts and alcoholics live worsened lives to keep getting their fix (一剂毒品). We worsen our own existence to get our own constant fix of approval. But, just as with any drug, there is a price to pay. The price of the approval drug is freedom—the freedom to be ourselves. The truth is that we cannot control what other people think. People have their own agenda, and they come with their own baggage and, in the end, they're more interested in themselves than in you. Furthermore, if we try to live by the opinions of others, we will build our life on sinking sand. Everyone has a different way of thinking, and people change their opinions all the time. The person who tries to please everyone will only end up getting exhausted and probably pleasing no one in the process. So how can we take back control? I think there’s only one way—make a conscious decision to stop caring what other people think. We should guide ourselves by means of a set of values---not values imposed（强加）from the outside by others, but innate values which come from within. If we are driven by these values and not by the changing opinions and value systems of others, we will live a more authentic, effective, purposeful and happy life. 48. What Oscar Wilde says implies that _____________. A. we have thoughts similar to those of others B. most people have a variety of thoughts C. most people’s thoughts are controlled by others D. other people’s thoughts are more important 49. What does the author try to argue in the third paragraph ? A. We may lose ourselves to please others. B. Changing opinions may cost us our freedom. C. We need to pay for what we want to get. D. The price of taking drugs is freedom. 50. In order to live a happy, effective and purposeful life, we should _________. A. care about others’ opinions and change opinions all the time B. guide ourselves by means of values from the outside C. persuade others to accept our opinions D. stick to our own values 51. It can be concluded from the passage that __________. A. we shouldn’t care what others think B. it’s better to do what we like C. we shouldn't change our own opinions D. it’s important to accept others’ opinions D An old problem is getting new attention in the United States—bullying．Recent cases included the tragic case of a fifteen-year-old girl whose family moved from Ireland．She hanged herself in Massachusetts in January following months of bullying．Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her．Officials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers． Judy Kuczynski is president of an anti-bullying group called Bully Police USA．Her daughter Tina was the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of Minnesota．Her said, “Our daughter was a very outgoing child．She was a bubbly personality, very involved in all kinds of things, had lots of friends．And over a period of time her grades fell completely．She started having health issues．She couldn't sleep．She wasn't eating．She had terrible stomach pains．She started clenching(咬紧) her jaw and grinding(磨,咬牙) her teeth at night．She didn't want to go to school.” Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person． It can involve physical violence．Or it can be verbal — for example, insults or threats．Spreading lies about someone or excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying． And now there is cyber bullying, which uses the Internet, e-mail or text messages．It has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve face-to-face contact and it can be done at any time． The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late 1970s．The latest government study in the United States was released last year．It found that about one-third of students aged twelve to eighteen were bullied at school． Susan Sweater is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and co-director of the Bullying Research Network．She says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they need．She says bullying is connected to depression, anxiety and anti-social behavior, and bullies are often victims themselves． 52. Which of the following is NOT bullying? A．To beat someone repeatedly． B．To call someone names． C．To isolate someone from friends． D．To refuse to help someone in need． 53. Why is cyber bullying appealing to the bully? A．Because it can involve more people． B．Because it can create worse effects． C．Because it is more convenient． D．Because it can avoid cheating． 54. According to Susan Sweater, ． A．bullies are anti-social B．bullies should give victims help C．students are not equally treated D．bullies themselves also need help 55. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A．How to wipe out bullying in schools. B．Bullying has a negative influence on students in US. C．Cyber bullying-Taking Off in Schools. D．Girl's suicide in US brings fresh attention to bullying. E I try not to be biased, but I had my doubts about hiring Stevie. His social worker assured me that he would be a good, reliable busboy. But I had never had a mentally handicapped employee. He was short, a little fat, with the smooth facial features and thick-tongued speech of Down’s Syndrome(唐氏综合症). I thought most of my customers would be uncomfortable around Stevie, so I closely watched him for the first few weeks. I shouldn’t have worried. After the first week, Stevie had my staff wrapped around his stubby little finger, and within a month my trucker regulars had adopted him as their official truck stop mascot. After that, I really didn’t care what the rest of the customers thought of him. He was like a 21-year-old in blue jeans and Nikes, eager to laugh and eager to please, but fierce in his attention to his duties. Every salt and pepper shaker was exactly in its place, not a coffee spill was visible, when Stevie got done with the table. Our only problem was convincing him to wait to clean a table until after the customers were finished. Over time, we learned that he lived with his mother, a widow who was disabled. Money was tight, and what I paid him was probably the difference between them being able to live together and Stevie being sent to a group home. That’s why the restaurant was a gloomy place that morning last August, the first morning in three years that Stevie missed work. He was at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester getting a heart surgery. His social worker said that people with Down’s syndrome often had heart problems at an early age, and there was a good chance he would come through the surgery in good shape and be back at work in a few months. A ripple of excitement ran through the staff later that morning when word came that he was out of surgery, in recovery and doing fine. Frannie, my head waitress, let out a war whoop and did a little dance in the aisle when she heard the good news. Belle Ringer, one of our regular trucker customers, stared at the sight of the 50-year-old grandmother of four doing a victory shimmy beside his table. He ginned. “OK, Frannie, what was that all about?” he asked. “We just got word that Stevie is out of surgery and going to be okay.” “I was wondering where he was. I had a new joke to tell him. What was the surgery about?” Frannie quickly told Belle Ringer and the other two drivers sitting at his booth about Stevie’s surgery, the sighed. “but I don’t know how he and his mom are going to handle all the bills. From what I hear, they’re barely getting by as it is.” Belle Ringer nodded thoughtfully, and Frannie hurried off to wait on the rest of her tables. After the morning rush, Frannie walked into my office. She had a couple of paper napkins in her hand. “What’s up?” I asked. “I cleared off the table where Belle Ringer and his friends were sitting after they left, and I found this. This was folded and put under a coffee cup.” She handed the napkin to me, and three $20 bills fell onto my desk when I opened it. On the outside, in big, bold letters, was printed “Something For Stevie”. That was three months ago. Today is Thanksgiving Day, the first day Stevie is supposed to be back to work. His social worker said he’s been counting the days until the doctor said he could work. I arranged to have his mother bring him to work, met them in the parking lot and invited them both to celebrate his day back. I took him and his mother by their arms. “To celebrate you coming back, breakfast for you and your mother is on me.” I led them toward a large corner booth at the rear of the room. I could feel and hear the rest of the staff following behind as we marched through the dining room. We stopped in front of the big table. Its surface was covered with coffee cups, saucers and dinner plates, all sitting slightly crooked on dozens of folded paper napkins. “First thing you have to do, Stevie, is clean up this mess,” I said. Stevie looked at me, then pulled out one of the napkins. It had “Something for Stevie” printed on the outside. As he picked it up, two $10 bills fell onto the table. Stevie stared at the money, then at all the napkins peeking from beneath the tableware, each with his name printed on it. I turned to his mother. “There’s more $10,000 in cash and checks on that table, all from truckers and trucking companies that heard about your problems. Happy Thanksgiving.” Well, it got real noisy about that time, with everybody hollering and shouting, and there were a few tears, as well… but you know what’s funny? While everybody else was busy shaking hands and hugging each other, Stevie, with a big, big smile on his face, was busy clearing all the cups and dishes from the table…. Why did the author have doubts about hiring Stevie? A. Stevie was not that reliable. B. Stevie was mentally disabled. C. Stevie was too short and fat. D. Stevie was bad-tempered. 57. What made the author not fully satisfied with Stevie’s work? A. He made customers uncomfortable. B. He couldn’t pay attention to his duties. C. He often spilled cups of coffee. D. He usually cleaned the table too early. 58. By saying the underlined words in Para.3, the author meant that the money she paid Stevie___. A. could help Stevie out of the trouble. B. couldn’t thoroughly solve Stevie’s problem. C. could make a great difference to Stevie’s life. D. could send Stevie a group home 59. According to this text, Frannie sighed for Stevie’s ____________. A. health problem B. work problem C. finance problem D. mental problem 60. Why did the author ask Stevie to clean up the mess on the table? A. It was Stevie’s duty to clean the table. B. The table was so dirty that it needed cleaning. C. Stevie could pick up the money that was given to him. D. She wanted to congratulate Stevie on his coming back. 48-51 CADA 52-55 DCDD 56-60 BDBCC 二、（浙江省北仑中学2012届高三上学期期中考试） C FRIDAY, Dec. 5, 2008—College students who think all-night study sessions will help them remember facts might want to get some sleep instead. That's the message from a new study that finds that as you sleep, the mind consolidates the things you learn during the day. Study participants who learned how to play a video game in the morning or evening did a better job the next day after a night's rest, apparently because their brains were actively absorbing what they'd learned as they slept. The finding shows "that sleep is not just a passive state when no information is coming in," said Howard Nusbaum, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. For the study, the researchers recruited 200 college students. Most of them weren't very familiar with playing video games. Some of the participants learned how to play the games in the morning, while others learned in the evening. The researchers then tested the subjects on the video games 12 hours later and 24 hours later. Those who took part in the morning training sessions showed an average eight-percentage-point improvement in their performance immediately after training. They performed more poorly—scoring four percentage points better—12 hours later. But they scored 10 percentage points better the next morning. "If we train you in the morning and come back at the end of the day, you forget some of what you learned," Nusbaum said. "But if you sleep after that, it restores some of what you learned." The students who took part in the evening training sessions performed better the next morning after sleeping, than they did after being trained. The role that dreams play in the learning process—if any—isn't clear. But some dreams could serve as a kind of practice for the brain, Nusbaum said. "If you play a video game a lot, and you're playing in your dreams, maybe that could help you learn." Jerry Siegel, professor at the Center for Sleep Research at the University of Calfornia, Los Angeles, said going without sleep hurts performance, but he's not convinced that sleep itself actively contributes to learning. "If you take a break for a few hours, it can easily be shown that learning did occur, because performance is better at the start of a new learning session than it was at the end of the initial session," he said. "No sleep needs to occur for this to happen." Still, Siegel suggested that sleep before learning a skill is crucial. "For long-term retention, it is more important to be well rested and therefore attentive when you are doing the learning than afterwards," he said. "It is even better if you don't have to choose and get your natural amounts of sleep every day." 49 What does the underlined word ‘want’ (in Paragraph 1) mean? A. lack B. wish C. desire D. need 50 What is mainly talked about in this text? A. The effect of video games on learning. B. The relation between sleep and learning. C. The role of dreams in the learning process D. The difference between morning and evening trainings. 51 What would be the best title for the text? A. Sleep strengthens learning. B. Dreams clearly help learning. C. A break before learning is better. D. Video games improve performance. 52 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Training in the morning showed better results at once. B. Learning won’t occur during sleeping without dreams.. C. Sleeping well helps to absorb what one learned D. Studying all night helps to remember more facts. D An analysis of studies in 40 countries around the globe proves a long-standing assumption that the more a person knows about science, the more he or she tends to support scientific efforts. In fact, studies that have tested the link between a person's level of scientific knowledge and attitudes towards the field have generated mixed results. "It's been a very hard question," says sociologist Nick Allum of the University of Surrey in Guildford, UK. To resolve the issue, Allum and his colleagues pulled together the results of nearly 200 surveys carried out between 1998 and 2003 in countries from Australia to Bulgaria. These studies assessed, for example, whether participants knew certain scientific facts and whether they supported developments in genetically modified food or nanotechnology. To some extent, the results prove the belief widely held by science supporters: the more people know about science, the more favourably they tend to view it, in spite of other factors such as age, nationality and level of education. Allum presented his results at the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington DC last week. But now this question is cleared up, researchers must begin to deal with more pressing questions, Allum says. "The argument should move on." His finding cannot, for example, show whether better science education will increase general support for the field. This is because researchers have yet to figure out whether people who learn more about science then tend to like it or, on the contrary, whether people who already like and support science are simply tend to learn further facts. And a person's level of scientific knowledge actually goes a very tiny way towards explaining their attitudes towards science. Allum believes that there are probably far more important factors, such as their moral values, religious beliefs and political leaning. And people's trust in science may be influenced by how tightly regulated they believe the process to be in their country. This might explain, in part, why those living in different countries tend to hold different attitudes: Europeans tend to be more doubtful of genetically modified crops than those in the United States, for example. Finally, science lovers hope to strengthen support for the field, but it looks as if simple science education will not be enough. As Allum says: "It's all horribly complicated." 53. In Allum’s opinion, ______ will have little influence on a person’s attitude towards science. A. scientific knowledge B. moral values C. religious beliefs D. political leaning 54. From the passage we can infer that ______. A. the surveys were carried out in a few countries B. Europeans love science more than Americans C. Allum kept his research results a secret D. Nick Allum is not a natural scientist 55. The underlined word ‘those’ refers to _____. A. science lovers B. different attitudes C. people in general D. genetically modified crops 56. What is mainly talked about in this passage? A. Special beliefs of the sociologist Nick Allum. B. Link between knowledge and love of science. C. Ways in which people love science. D. The function of science education. E STREAMWOOD, Ill.—For years, attendance was small at Tefft Middle School’s yearly parent-teacher conferences, but the principal did not blame families for their poor response. Instead, she blamed the poor way the conferences were conducted. “Five years ago, the most important person—the student—was left out of the parent-teacher conference,” Tefft’s principal, Lavonne Smiley, said. “The old conferences were such a negative thing, so we turned it around,” allowing students not only to attend but also to lead the gatherings instead of anxiously awaiting their parents’ return home with the teacher’s opinion on their classroom performance. Recently, 525 parents attended parent-teacher-student conferences, Ms. Smiley said, compared with 75 parents in 2003. No appointments were needed, and everyone was welcome at the conferences this year, spread over two days that school officials called a Celebration of Learning. “I think we’re learning that every school has its own DNA, and there is not a prescription for conferences that works for every school,” Ms. Kinney said. “There is such an increasingly diverse population at our nation’s schools, the one-size-fits-all model conference just doesn’t work anymore.” At some schools, not only are students on hand for conferences, but their siblings are also welcome, as are grandparents, aunts and uncles, even family friends. When Mark Heller accepted a job as an assistant principal at the middle school in his hometown of Plano, Ill., he discovered that the community had changed a lot in the eight years he had been a teacher in Iowa. The population had nearly doubled to 10,000 residents, and 37 percent of the students at Plano Middle School were now from low-income families. The traditional parent-teacher conferences without a student present are always available by appointment, and sometimes necessary, for example, to discuss a private matter concerning a non-custodial (无监护权的) parent, a family crisis the child is unaware of or a special education diagnosis. Still, Mr. Heller is convinced that a true dialogue concerning a student’s academic progress is impossible without both the child and the parent engaged and present, and with the teacher on hand to share impressions and answer any questions the parents have about homework, standardized test scores, behavior and other issues. “At the student-led conferences, our children are learning to be organized and capable adults someday,” Ms. Issa said. “When I was growing up, my parents went to my conference, and I waited at home, scared they would come back with some concerns. With this new kind of conference, there are no secrets. My daughter is learning that she is responsible for her own success.” 57. What is mainly talked about in this text? A. The change of population in Mr. Heller’s hometown. B. The way the parent-teacher conferences are conducted. C. The people who take part in parent-teacher conferences. D. The percentage of attendants to parent-teacher conferences. 58. What was the population in Plano, Ill. when Mr. Heller became a teacher in Iowa eight years before? A. 3,700 B. 20,000 C. 10,000 D. 5,000 59. The number of parents who attended parent-teacher-student conferences recently was ______ times more than that in 2003. A. five B. six C. seven D. eight 60. What does Ms. Kinney mean by saying “every school has its own DNA’? A. Every school is unique and different. B. One model fits all school conferences. C. All prescriptions do not work well. D. The population at schools is diverse. 49-52 DBAC 53-56 ADCB 57-60 BDBA 三、（浙江省苍南中学2012届高三上学期期中考试） C The new studies show that fewer than half of the 9th graders in many of the nation’s largest cities, can ever graduate. The studies clearly show that the dropout rate isn’t dropping. And, in particular, the dropout rate isn’t dropping for poor and minority students. Amazingly, though so many regret the rising dropout rate, our schools continue to lack formal plans--or any plans--to teach students motivation(动机). Most schools have no game plan to ensure that students understand that schooling will be completely necessary. Schools expect youth and children to act as though schooling is important, but they never teach them to believe that. ????Years ago, families ensured that the?children?recognized the value of schooling. But in many modern families, the children may fail to recognize the importance of school life just because these families may actually tell their children that school is not important. Since many families are not motivating their children to be interested students, youth professionals, like teachers may need to provide this training. Otherwise, it is likely the dropout rate will continue not to drop, but only worsen. ????Here are some strategies to convince even the most apathetic (无动于衷的) students that they must stay in school. ????Ask students if they will ever need to work: The world has changed. 100 years ago, factory work was the booming job, and it required no education. Today, factories are increasingly automated. Most computer-related jobs require education and at least a high school diploma. ????Ask students which century they will be prepared for: In 1900, the most common jobs were farm laborer and domestic servant—education not needed. Now, the most common jobs are office and sales staff—education and diploma usually needed. An amazing 6 out of 10 people today work in a store or office. Ask students to devise a way that the employee could be replaced. For example, the coming trend in fast food is to use computers rather than people to run the restaurant. A prototype is apparently already being tested. The students should discover that most jobs that lack education and diploma requirements may be ripe for automation. 51. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph1? A. Few students can afford to go to school in large cities. B. A large number of the 9th graders can graduate now. C. There are still quite a few 9th graders leaving school early. D. Most schools in large cities have fewer and fewer students. 52. Without the help of youth professionals,_____. A. more and more families will gradually recognize the value of school. B. it is likely that the dropout rate in schools won’t continue to drop. C. some parents will be more convinced of their children’s future. D. the schools will make proper plans to solve the problems with dropout. 53. The author takes factory work for example mainly to ______. A. tell us that many jobs requires certain education in the past B. show that there are more factory work and employment in modern society C. show that employment in the computer field grows at a high rate D. emphasize that modern jobs require education and schools are necessary 54. It can be inferred that______. A. both schools and families should answer for the high dropout rate B. many new jobs don’t need children’s high school diploma C. working in a store doesn’t require a high school diploma D. most schools are ready to help students recognize the importance of study 55. If students play the “Replace Me” game, the result would be “______”. A. They will know that they can ‘always’ do without a diploma B. More of them will drop out early to go to work C. They will discover that lack of education is a disadvantage in choosing jobs D. They will become better at using computers to hunt for a job D Hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face. Living alone, every day he worked in his garden. In all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his. All sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flower’s place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell. Hans had many friends, the most devoted being the Miller. So devoted was the rich Miller to Hans that he’d never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits. The Miller used to talk about noble ideas, and Hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having such a friend. The neighbors thought it strange that the rich Miller never gave Hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep, but Hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship. In spring, summer, and autumn Hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger. Though extremely lonely, the Miller never came to see him then. “There’s no good in going to see Hans while the snow lasts.” The Miller said to his wife, “When people are in trouble they shouldn’t be bothered. So I’ll wait till the spring comes when he’s happy to give me flowers.” “You’re certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “It’s quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship.” “Couldn’t we ask Hans up here?” said their son. “I’ll give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits.” “How silly you are!” cried the Miller. “I really don’t know what’s the use of sending you to school. If Hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybody’s nature. I am his best friend, and I’ll always watch over him, and see that he’s not led into any temptation. Besides, if Hans came here, he might ask me for some flour. Flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldn’t be confused. The words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. Everybody can see that.” He looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea. Spring coming, the Miller went down to see Hans. Again he talked about friendship. “Hans, friendship never forgets. I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life. See, how lovely your roses are!” Hans said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter. “I’ll give you many good things. I think being generous is the base of friendship.” said the Miller. “And now, as I’ll give you many good things, I’m sure you’d like to give me some flowers in return. Here’s the basket, and fill it quite full.” Poor Hans was afraid to say anything. He ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the Miller’s basket, imagining the many good things promised by the Miller. The next day he heard the Miller calling: “Hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?” “I’m sorry, but I am really very busy today.” “Well,” said the Miller, “considering that I’m going to give you my things, it’s rather unfriendly of you to refuse. Upon my word, you mustn’t mind my speaking quite plainly to you.” Poor Hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted. One evening Hans was sitting by fire when the Miller came. “Hans,” cried the Miller, “My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and I’m going for the Doctor. But he lives so far away, and it’s such a bad windy night. It has just occurred to me that you can go instead of me. You know I’m going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return.” “Certainly,” cried Hans. He struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the Miller’s house in time to save the boy. However, Hans got lost in the darkness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned. At Hans’ funeral, the Miller said, “I was his best friend. I should walk at the head of the procession.” Every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief. 56. From the passage, we can learn that Hans ___________. A. was extremely wise and noble B. was highly valued by the Miller C. admired the Miller very much D. had a strong desire for fortune 57. “Flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as ___________. A. “Different words may mean quite different things.” B. “Interest is permanent while friendship is flexible.” C. “I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life.” D. “I think being generous is the base of friendship.” 58. From the Miller’s talk at home, we can see he was ___________. A. serious but kind B. helpful and generous C. caring but strict D. selfish and cold-hearted 59. What’s the main cause of Hans’ tragedy? A. True friendship between them. B. A lack of formal education. C. A sudden change of weather. D. Blind devotion to a friend. 60. The author described the Miller’s behavior in order to ___________. A. entertain the readers with an incredible joking tale B. show the friendship between Hans and the Miller C. warn the readers about the danger of a false friend D. persuade people to be as intelligent as the Miller
四、（浙江省慈溪市2012届高三上学期期中考试） C Museum of the Moving Image(MMI)(Monday Closed) As the best museum in New York City and with a balance of hands-on(实际操作的)activities and information, it’s the rare bird that can entertain and educate people of different ages. It’s a perfect destination for a family trip of a couple hours. Pros—Excellent movie screenings. Easy subway access. Cons—Difficult to reach by Car.  New York Hall of Science(NYHS)(Monday Closed) Being New York City’s only hand son science and technology center, it is an interactive science museum focusing on its audience of children. It has the most hands-on exhibits in an NYC museum, and it’s a fun destination for ages 5 and up. Older folks might take great interest in the NASA rockets outside the museum, but don’t bother unless you’ve kids to keep you company. Pros—Cool interactive science exhibits, the rockets. Cons—Hard to reach by public transportation.  Queens County Farm Museum(QCFM)(Year-round 7 days a week) It is an actual farm in New York City and home to animals your kids can feed and a yard full of a climbing plant whose fruit can be made into wine. Good chance to meet sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and cows! The animals are mostly readily accessible to visitors. And the museum sells feed for young hands willing to get licked by sheep and goats. Pros—Outdoor fun. Cons—Expensive festivals, long bus ride, no subway.  Queens Museum of Art(QMA)(Monday and Tuesday Closed) Opened in 1972 to serve as a cultural center in New York City, it exhibits art by local and international artists. Its best exhibits are on the two World’s Fairs. and of course,the Panorama of New York City, a giant , highly detailed diorama(透景画)of all five New York City boroughs. 行政区) Pros—The Panorama, Great gift shop. Easy subway access. Cons—Not much for kids.  49．The least likely choice for 5-year-old Jack to make among the museums is______. A．T MMI B．T NYHS C．QMA D．QCFM 50 According to the text, which of the following is NOT true? A．All the museums mentioned above lie in New York City. B．No other museum in New York City is better than MMI. C．Lucky visitors can see grapes in one of the museums. D．NYHS has the most hands-on activities in America. 51．We can know from the text that______. A．visitors can pay a visit to all the museums by subway B．people can visit only one of the any day C．there is often a rare bird flying in the sky above MMI D．the Panorama is, as a matter of fact, a great gift shop 52．In which museum can you enjoy outdoor fun? A．MMI. B．NYHS. C．QCFM. D．QMA. D In the last years of the Warring States period, the State of Qin attacked the State of Wei on a large scale repeatedly and occupied large areas of land, for the State of Wei was too weak to defend itself. In 273 B.C. ,the Qin army launched a more serious attack upon the State of Wei than ever. The king of the State of Wei gathered his officials, and asked with a worried look if anyone could propose a way to defeat the Qin army. After years of chaos caused by the wars, the officials trembled when fighting was mentioned, and no one dared to speak of resistance. At the critical moment when a large enemy force was bearing down upon the border, most of the officials persuaded the king to use for peace, at the cost of giving away to the State of Qin the large area of land north of the Huanghe River and south of the Taihang Mountain. However Su Dai, a counselor, did not agree. He hurried up to the king and said:"Your Majesty, they don't think about the interests of the country at all. It is just because they are afraid of death that they ask you to sue for peace by betraying the country. Of course you can temporarily satisfy the ambition of Qin, but it will never stop attacking us until our land is totally given away." He added." Once there was a man whose house was on fire. People told him to put out the fire with water, but he would not listen. Instead, he carried a faggot to put out the fire, only to make the fire fiercer. Isn't it similar to carrying faggots to put out a fire if you agree to sue for peace at the cost of the land of the State of Wei?" Though Sue Dai's argument was very convincing, the king accepted the suggestion of those officials and gave away to the State of Qin a large area of the land of the State of Wei. As might be expected, the Qin army attacked the State of Wei in 225 B.C. Again, surrounding the capital city Daliang and flooding it by digging open the dykes(堤防) of the Huanghe River. The State of Wei was finally destroyed. 53．When asked how to defeat the Qin army, most officials . A．were scared and at a loss what to do B．were worried and asked Su Dai fir advice C．decided to ask a force to bear down upon the border D．trembled and decided to give up fighting back 54．The underlined phrase "sue for" in Paragraph 2 probably means . A．hope for B．beg for C．search for D．send for 55．Su Dai used the example of "carrying faggots to put out a fire" to show . A．the ambition of the State of Qin B．the risk of fighting back C．the serious results of giving in D．the terrible results of defense 56．The story is mainly developed by . A．time B．logic C．space D．cause and effect E Tuvalu, north of Fiji, is a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean. Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu's nine little islands is more than five metres above sea level. Salt water is already entering the country's drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. It fears it will be swallowed up by the sea. Without urgent help, the country's days are numbered. But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 20-50cm by 2050.A century ago, St. Mark's Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine time a year. Nowdays it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu's rising sea level is caused by global warming. The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degree over the past century; scientists expect it to rise by an extra 1-3 degrees over the next 100 years. Warmer weather makes glaciers（冰川） melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it take up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 10-25cm in the last 100 years. People have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2, through burning coal, oil and gas. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer. Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one metre this century. Should this come true, millions of homes would be swallowed up by the sea and the world will be flooded with" climate refugees" looking for somewhere else to live. 57．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that . A．Tuvalu is in danger of being swallowed up by the sea B．all Tuvalu islands are about five meters above the sea level C．drinking water in Tuvalu has been destroyed D．Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves 58．The author uses Tuvalu and Venice as examples in order to explain . A．it is first places sinking into the sea B．it is sinking into the mud where they stand C．it will disappear in the future D．its trouble is caused by global warming 59．What does the underlined word "refugees" (in the last paragraph)mean? A．People forced away from their homeland B．Sudden changes caused by world climate C．Animals closely connected with weather D．Bad effect of climate changes 60．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．The main cause of global warming is human pollution B．The average global temperature has risen by 1-3 ℃over the past century. C．The warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise D．There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped
五、（浙江省杭州市七校2012届高三上学期期中联考） C The iPhone, the iPad: each of Apple’s products sounds cool and has become a fad(一时的风尚). Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” – and many other brands are following suit. The BBC’s iPlayer – which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet –adopted the title in 2008. A lovely bear – popular in the US and UK – that plays music and video is called “iTeddy”. A slimmed-down version of London’s Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name “i”. In general, single-letter prefixes (前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce first came into use. Most “i” products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent’s “i”, it’s no surprise that they’ve selected this fashionable name. But it’s hard to see what’s so special about the letter “i”. Why not use “a”, “b”, or “c” instead? According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King’s College, London, “i” works because its meaning has become ambiguous. When Apple uses “i”, no one knows whether it means Internet, information, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines. “Even when Apple created the iPod, it seems it didn’t have one clear definition,” he says. “However, thanks to Apple, the term is now associated with portability (轻便) .”adds Thorne. Clearly the letter “i” also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual. Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason. Along with “Google” and “blog”, readers of BBC Magazines voted “i” as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade. But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, products with “2000” in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern. However, as we entered the new century, the trend inevitably disappeared. 50. People use iPlayer to __________. A. listen to music B. make a call C. watch TV programs online D. read newspapers 51. We can infer that the Independent’s “i” is aimed at __________. A. young readers B. old readers C. fashionable women D. engineers 52. The underlined word “ambiguous” means “__________”. A. popular B. uncertain C. definite D. unique 53. Nowadays, the “i” term often reminds people of the products which are __________. A. portable B. environmentally friendly C. advanced D. recyclable 54. The writer suggests that __________. A. “i” products are often of high quality B. iTeddy is alive bear C. the letter “b” replaces letter “i” to name the products D. the popularity of “i” products may not last long D I first heard this story a few years ago from a girl I had met in New York’s Greenwich Village. The girl told me that she had been one of the participants. Since then, others to whom I have related the tale have said that they had read a version of it in some forgotten book, or been told it by an acquaintance who said that it actually happened to a friend. Probably the story is one of those mysterious bits of folklore that emerge from the national subconscious every few years, to be told a new in one form or another. The cast of character shifts, the message endures. I like to think that it did happen, somewhere, sometime. They were going to Fort Lauderdale –three boys and three girls – and when they boarded the bus, they were carrying sandwiches and wine in paper bags, dreaming of golden beaches and sea tides as the gray cold of New York vanished behind them. As the bus passed through New Jersey, they began to notice Vingo. He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit, never moving, his dusty face masking his age. He chewed the inside of his lip a lot, frozen into some personal cocoon of silence. Deep into the night, outside Washington, the bus pulled into Howard Johnson’s, and everybody got off except Vingo. He sat rooted in his seat, and the young people began to wonder about him, trying to imagine his life: perhaps he was a sea captain, a runaway from his wife, an old soldier going home. When they went back to the bus, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. “We’re going to Florida,” she said brightly, “ I hear it’s beautiful.” “It is,” he said quietly, as if remembering something he had tried to forget. “Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took a swig from the bottle. He thanked her and retreated again into his silence. After a while, she went back to the others, and Vingo nodded in sleep. In the morning, they awoke outside another Howard Johnson’s, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. He seemed very shy, and ordered black coffee and smoked nervously as the young people chattered about sleeping on beaches. When they returned to the bus, the girl sat with Vingo again, and after a while, slowly and painfully, he began to tell his story. He had been in jail in New York for the past four years, and now he was going home. “Are you married?” “I don’t know.” “You don’t know?” she said. “Well, when I was in jail I wrote to my wife,” he said. “I told her that I was going to be away for a long time, and that if she couldn’t stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, if it hurt her too much, well, she could just forget me. I’d understand. ‘Get a new guy,’ I said – she’s a wonderful woman, really something – ‘and forget about me.’ I told her she didn’t have to write me. And she didn’t. Not for three and a half years.” “And you’re going home now, not knowing?” “Yeah,” he said shyly. “Well, last week, when I was sure the parole was coming through, I wrote her again. We used to live in Brunswick, just before Jacksonville, and there’s a big oak tree just as you come into town. I told her that if she didn’t have a new guy and if she’d take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I’d get off and come home. If she didn’t want me, forget it – no handkerchief, and I’d go on through.” “Wow,” the girl said. “Wow.” She told the others, and soon all of them were in it, caught up in the approach of Brunswick, looking at the pictures Vingo showed them of his wife and three children – the woman handsome in a plain way, the children still unformed in the cracked, much-handled snapshots. Now they were 20 miles from Brunswick, and the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak tree. The bus acquired a dark, hushed mood, full of the silence of absence and lost years. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con’s mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment. Then Brunswick was 10 miles, and then five. Then, suddenly, all of the young people were up out of their seats, screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances of joy. All except Vingo. Vingo sat there stunned, looking at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs –20 of them, 30 of them, maybe hundreds, a tree that stood like a banner of welcome billowing in the wind. As the young people shouted, the old con slowly rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus to go home. 55. At the beginning of the story, the young boys and girls __________. A. neglected Vingo intentionally B. wanted to help Vingo C. cared about Vingo too much D. paid no attention to Vingo at all 56. The underlined part “Howard Johnson’s” is most probably a __________. A. restaurant B. railway station C. bus stop D. clinic 57. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The girl who spoke to Vingo had been to Florida several times. B. Vingo was not willing to tell the others the true story all the time. C. In fact, Vingo wasn’t sure of his wife’s attitude at all. D. Vingo stayed in jail in New Jersy for four years. 58. What does the handkerchiefs stand for in the passage? A. It stands for happiness and fun. B. It stands for tolerance and acceptance.111111111111:] C. It stands for purity and innocence. D. It stands for excitement and surprise 59. The last paragraph shows us EXCEPT __________. A. everyone was delighted at the flying handkerchiefs. B. the flying handkerchiefs on the old oak was beyond Vingo’s expectations C. Vingo was unwilling to go home at once because he slowly rose from his seat D. Vingo’s excited feelings couldn’t be expressed in words. 60. The paragraphs following this passage would most probably talk about __________. A. the conversation between Vingo and his family. B. the travel of the excited young people to Fort Lauderdale C. Vingo’s three lovely children D. Vingo’s bad experience in prison
六、（萧山九中2011学年第一学期期中联考） C　　Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.　　Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.　　So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.　　A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”　51. William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.　　A .social life provides an effective cure for illness　　B. being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life　　C. women benefit more than men from marriage　　D. marriage contributes a great deal to longevity　52. Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.　　A. older men should quit smoking to stay healthy　　B. marriage can help make up for ill health　　C. the married are happier than the unmarried　　D. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life　53. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.　　A. the disadvantages of being married　　B. the emotional problems arising from marriage　　C. the responsibility of taking care of one’s family　　D. the consequence of a broken marriage　54. What does the author say about social networks?　　A. They have effects similar to those of a marriage.　　B. They help develop people’s community spirit.　　C. They provide timely support for those in need.　　D. They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.　55. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?　　A. It’s important that we develop a social network when young.　　B. To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.　　C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.　　D. We should share our social networks with each other. D A few years ago I asked my children’s governess, Julia Vassilyevna, to come into my study. “ Sit down, Julia Vassilyevna,” I said.“Let’s settle our accounts. Although you most likely need some money, you stand on ceremony and won’t ask for it yourself. Now then, we agree on thirty rubles a month…” “ Forty.” “ No, thirty. I made a note of it. I always pay the governess thirty. Now then, you’ve been here two months, so…” “ Two months and five days.” “ Exactly two months. I made a specific note of it. That means you have sixty rubles coming to you. Subtract nine Sundays… you know you didn’t work with Kolya on Sundays, you only took walks. And three holidays…” Julia Vassilyevna flushed a deep red and picked at the flounce of her dress, but--- not a word. “ Three holidays, therefore take off twelve rubles. Four days Kolya was sick and there were no lessons, as you were occupied only with Vanya. Three days you had a toothache and my wife gave you permission not to work after lunch. Twelve and seven---nineteen. Subtract…that leaves…hmm…forty-one rubles. Correct?” Julia Vassilyena’s left eye reddened and filled with moisture. Her chin trembled; she coughed nervously and blew her nose, but---not a word. “ Around New Year’s you broke a teacup and saucer: take off two rubles. The cup cost more, it was an heirloom, but---let it go. When didn’t I take a loss? Then, due to your neglect, Kolya climbed a tree and tore his jacket: take off ten. Also due to your heedlessness the maid stole Vanya’s shoes. You ought to watch everything! You get paid for it. So, that means five more rubles off. The tenth of January I gave you ten rubles…” “ You didn’t ” whispered Julia Vassilyevna. “ But I made a note of it.” “ Well…all right.” “ Take twenty-seven from forty-one ---that leaves fourteen.” Both eyes filled with tears. Perspiration appeared on the thin, pretty little nose. Poor girl! “ Only once was I given any money,” she said in a trembling voice, “ and that was by your wife. Three rubles, nothing more.” “ Really? You see now, and I didn’t make a note of it! Take three from fourteen… leaves eleven. Here’s your money, my dear. Three , three, three, one and one. Here it is!” I handed her eleven rubles. She took them and with trembling fingers stuffed them into her pocket. “ Merci,” she whispered. I jumped up and started pacing the room. I was overcome with anger. “ For what, this ---‘merci’?” I asked. “ For the money.” “ But you know I’ve cheated you, God’s sake---robbed you! I have actually stolen from you! Why this ‘merci’?” “ In my other places they didn’t give me anything at all.” “ They didn’t give you anything? No wonder! I played a little joke on you, a cruel lesson, just to teach you … I’m going to give you the entire eighty rubles! Here they are in an envelope all ready for you… Is it really possible to be so spineless? Why don’t you protest? Why be silent? Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws--- to be such a nincompoop?” She smiled crookedly and I read in her expression: “ It is possible.” I asked her pardon for the cruel lesson and , to her great surprise, gave her the eighty rubles. She murmured her litter “merci” several times and went out. I looked after her and thought: “How easy it is to crush the weak in this world!” 56. When the employer called Julia Vassilyevna in to talk with him, what he really wanted to do was _______ A. to settle their accounts B. to criticize her for neglecting her duties as a governess. C. to play a joke on her so as to amuse himself. D. to teach her not to be so spineless. 57. The employer made all those criticisms about Julia Vassiliyevna’s work because __________ A. she had neglected her duties. B. he wanted to pay her as little money as possible. C. he wanted to make her realize that she was being cheated and protest against it. D. he wanted to make her feel miserable. 58. Julia Vassilyevna accepted everything her employer said because ________ A. she had in fact neglected her duties. B. she was a very dumb girl. C. she thought it was of no use to protest to her employer. D. she loved the children she taught. 59. The employer became very angry when Julia Vassilyevna said “ Merci” because ________ A. she didn’t say “Merci” loudly. B. she didn’t protest to him. C. he thought that by simply saying “ Merci” she wasn’t polite enough. D. he didn’t like the way in which she stuffed the money into per pocket and expressed her thanks. 60. The text is about _______ A. how a governess was cheated by her employer. B. how an employer tried to teach the governess a cruel lesson. C. how a governess was fired by her employer for being a nincompoop. D. how an employer punished the governess for not having done a good job.
七、（浙江省南马高中2011-2012学年第一学期期中考试） C The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails， and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. 　 Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example， we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone——far from it. Secondly， common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents， caretakers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out， and even if they were， the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial. Thirdly， in the last decade， there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care， and they have reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say，more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter， then，is far from clear-cut，though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants. 51.This passage primarily argues that ___.A infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools.B whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools.C there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three.D there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three. 52.The phrase “predispose to” （Para. 1，line 2） most probably means ___.A tend to suffer B get into C get into dispose to D lead to 53.According to Bowlby's analysis，it is quite possible that ___. A Children's personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents. B children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on. C early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children. D some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from children's development. 54.It is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that ___.A traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age.B Children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies.C A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni.D Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents. 55.The writer concludes that ___.A it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school.B It is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children.C It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school.D It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school. D There’s an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “I just can’t get started.” People say. But it’s not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body. What you’re seeking is not physical energy. It’s emotional energy. Yet, sad to say life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations (义务). We encounter (遭遇) emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue (疲劳), a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit. And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child I observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nevertheless faced life with optimism and vigor (活力). Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who despite an extremely weak body wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed. Unlike physical energy, which is finite (有限的) and diminishes (减少) with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You can’t simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work. 1. Do something new. Very little that’s new occurs in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: It’s like a tire(轮胎) with a slow leak（漏）. You don’t notice it at first, but eventually you’ll get a flat. It’s up to you to plug the leak—even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. That’s where Maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline—a group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a short haircut and new black T-shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. Here’s a challenge: If it’s something you wouldn’t ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish you’ve never eaten. Listen to music you’d ordinarily tune out. You’ll discover these small things add to your emotional energy. 2. Reclaim life’s meaning. So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale (厌倦的). The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. “I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something.” she says. “But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.” Ivy’s solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning. 3. Put yourself in the fun zone. Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived（缺乏的）. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients（客户）. “I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,” she says. “It’s a challenge—and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.” We all define fun differently, of course, but I can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly. 4. Bid farewell （告别）to guilt and regret. Everyone’s past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While they can’t merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened in the past, nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present. 5. Make up your mind. Say you’ve been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish—or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you can’t decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and don’t look back. 6. Give to get. Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy with the latter. You have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it. Start by asking everyone you meet, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, and then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you don’t smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, you’re sucking energy out of your relationship. Finally, help another person—and make the help real, concrete. Give a massage to someone you love, or cook her dinner, then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what you’d do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. After all, if it’s true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that what’s circulating around you is the good stuff? 56. Laura Hillenbrand is an example quoted to show how ________ in life. A. physical energy can contribute to one’s unsuccess B. emotional energy can contribute to one’s success C. physical energy can contribute to one’s success D. emotional energy can contribute to one’s unsuccess 57. The author believes emotional energy is ________. A. inherited and genetically determined B. related to inherited and genes C. not inherited and genetically determined D. related to inherited and upbringing 58. Even small changes people make in their lives ________ their emotional energy. A. cannot help control B. cannot help increase C. can help control D. can help increase 59. Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to ________. A. help herself B. teach herself C. teach poor children D. help poor children 60. The real-estate broker the author knows enjoyed ________. A. redecorating the houses B. mentally redecorating the houses C. the same day-to-day work D. defining fun differently BBBCD BCDDB 八、（衢州一中2011学年度第一学期期中检测试卷）C Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized(把…归类) as "honor" help you create this life of good feelings. Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness. Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky(卑鄙的) excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul. Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness? In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate(演示) that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness. 50. According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our_______. A. self-respect B. financial rewards C. advertising ability D. friendly relationship 51. The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to_______. A. lying B. stealing C. cheating D. advertisi 52. The underlined phrase "bringing the error to the clerk's attention" means_______. A. telling the truth to the clerk B. offering advice to the clerk C. asking the clerk to be more attentive D. reminding the clerk of the charged item 53. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake A. We'll be very excited. B. We'll feel unfortunate. C. We'll have a sense of honor. D. We'll feel sorry for the clerk. 54. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of Peacefulness C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions D Psychology(心理学) has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, together with their patients, are looking for alternative methods of treatment of physical problems. In large hospitals, modern therapy（疗法） seems to focus on the physical disease. Patients may feel they are treated like broken machines. Some doctors have recognized this as a problem. They are now using psychological therapy, in which the patient is working with the doctors against the disease with the help of medicine. The patient does not wait for the medicine and treatment to cure him or her, but instead the patient joins in the fight. ??? ?The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient's body physically. The body of the patient changes because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease. Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient's physical problems, but the patient's mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family, friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor's treatment must help the patient change that. Simonton's method emphasizes treatment of the “whole” patient. ??? ?The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive. The physician who is following Simonton's psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that he or she can see the tumor（肿瘤） in the body. In the mental picture, the patient "sees" a powerful beam of radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells. Both the medical therapy and the patient's positive attitude fight the disease. ??? ?Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the power within their own minds to help stop the disease. ??? ?Another application of using the mind to help cure disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or rather in a trance（催眠状态）. Then the physician makes “a suggestion” to the patient about the medical problem. The patient's mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment. ??? ?Doctors have learned that this use of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic（慢性的）diseases. Asthma （哮喘） is an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in breathing. The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily. ??? ?Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with 121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had Excellent results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems. ??? ?Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has important applications in medicine. ?55. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. How suggestion therapy benefits adults and children. B. How modern therapy focuses on the disease. C. Responses from the medical world. D. How to use the mind against disease. 56. How does psychological therapy work? ? A. The patient waits for the medicine and treatment to cure him. ? B. The doctor uses medical treatment to cure the patient's problems. ? C. The doctor, the medicine, and the patient work together to fight disease. ? D. The patient uses his mind to cure himself. 57. What can we learn from the studies of Carl Simonton, M. D.? ? A. The medical treatment can cure the patient's mental disease. ? B. The treatment of a patient by treating the body and the mind is necessary. ? C. The mental treatment is more important than medical treatment. ? D. Few patients have emotional response to the disease. 58. The use of psychological therapy is helpful to some patients in that ????????????. ? A. the medical effect is better with psychological therapy than without it ? B. the patients can see a powerful beam of radiation hitting their tumor cells ? C. the patients' attitudes towards themselves have changed ? D. the patients are easy to accept the methods the doctors use to treat them 59. It can be learned from the passage that suggestion therapy cannot be used to ????????????. ? A. help adults deal with the strong pain of some diseases ? B. help the patients with chronic diseases ? C. help change some bad habits ? D. help cure patients of insomnia（失眠症） 60. According to the passage, which of the following remains unknown so far? ? A. The value of mental therapy. ? B. The effectiveness of suggestion therapy. ? C. The working principle of suggestion therapy. ? D. The importance of psychology in medical treatment. 50—54 ABACD 55—60 DCBCDC 九、（浙江省绍兴一中2012届高三上学期期中考试）C We keep reading that TV is bad for you. If this is true, how come the current generation of TV-addicted kids is much smarter than we are? In my home, the only people who can work the remote control are the children. Perhaps TV does educate you. For example, you learn a useful medical fact: A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence before he dies. “The killer was…” (dies) But I guess the biggest things we learn from TV can be regarded as “Life Skills”. Bad things only happen on dark and stormy nights. Emotional breakdowns cause people to wander in the heavy rain without umbrellas. And contrary to what scientists say, the crack(霹雳) of lightning and the accompanying flash happen at exactly the same time, wherever you are. I’ve even acquired useful geographical facts from science-fiction shows: Aliens speak English no matter which planet they come from. Making use of what we learn from TV can improve our security. Consider these truths. If you are ever attacked by 20 bad guys, don’t worry about being outnumbered. The criminals will hang back and take turns to approach you in ones and twos just so you can conveniently defeat them all. Bad guys who are completely covered in black clothes always remove their black masks to reveal that they are in fact, aha, women. TV also teaches us important information about escaping from danger. Watch and learn. (1) If anyone is running after you down a passage, you will find that boxes have been conveniently placed near all the walls you need to jump over. (2) If you are tall and handsome, you can run from any number of armed criminals, and every shot will miss you. Be warned, however. If your name card says “henchman” (帮凶) and you are part of a group of plain-looking people trying to catch a handsome individual, a single shot will kill you. But don’t be anxious: TV also delivers useful information for bad guys. All cars are inflammable (易燃的) and have amazing shock absorbers that enable them to fly into the air and land without damage — except police cars. TV even teaches us about TV. Whenever anyone turns on a TV, it shows a news flash about someone they know. They then turn the box off immediately after that news item. 51. By saying “A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence before he dies” (Paragraph 2), the writer shows his________. A. humor B. sympathy C. deep concern D. medical knowledge 52. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that in the real world_______. A. bad things cause people to break down in the rain B. bad things never happen on dark and stormy nights C. people with emotional problems like to walk in the rain without umbrellas D. the crack of lightning and the accompanying flash don’t happen at the same time 53. On TV what usually happens when a person turns it on? A. The news shown is always about someone the person knows. B. The person always turns off the TV when it’s time for news. C. The program shown is always about the importance of TV. D. TV always shows news about famous people. 54. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. Life skills can be learned from TV. B. TV plays an important role in society. C. Watching TV makes people more creative. D. What happens in TV is very different from reality. 55. The writer of this passage takes a(n) _______ attitude towards TV plays. A. positive B. casual C. negative D. indifferent D MANILA, Philippines (AP) — Villagers and veteran hunters have captured a one-ton saltwater crocodile which they plan to make the star of a planned ecotourism park in a southern Philippine town, an official said Monday. Mayor Edwin Cox Elorde said dozens of villagers and experts captured the 21-foot (6.4-meter) male crocodile along a creek in Bunawan township in Agusan del Sur province after a three-week hunt. It could be one of the largest crocodiles to be captured alive in recent years, he said, quoting local crocodile experts. Elorde said the crocodile killed a water buffalo in an attack witnessed by villagers last month and was also suspected of having attacked a fisherman who went missing in July. He said he sought the help of experts at a crocodile farm in western Palawan province. "We were nervous but it's our duty to deal with a threat to the villagers," Elorde told The Associated Press by telephone. "When I finally stood before it, I couldn't believe my eyes." After initial sightings at a creek, the hunters set four traps, which the crocodile destroyed. They then used sturdier traps using steel cables, one of which finally caught the enormous reptile late Saturday, he said. About 100 people had to pull the crocodile, which weighs about 2,370 pounds (1,075 kilograms), from the creek to a clearing where a crane lifted it into a truck, he said. The crocodile was placed in a fenced cage in an area where the town plans to build an ecotourism park for species found in a vast marshland(沼泽地) in Agusan, an impoverished region about 515 miles (830 kilometers) southeast of Manila, Elorde said. "It will be the biggest star of the park," Elorde said, adding that villagers were happy that they would be able to turn the dangerous crocodile "from a threat into an asset." Despite the catch, villagers remain cautious because several crocodiles still roam the outskirts of the farming town of about 37,000 people. They have been told to avoid venturing into marshy areas alone at night, Elorde said. 56. What can we infer from the passage? A. The villagers captured the crocodile by chance. B. The crocodile the villagers have captured is the largest crocodile captured in recent years. C. The town has already built an ecotourism park for the crocodile. D. Not all the crocodile live in saltwater. 57. What can we know about the crocodiles in this area according to the passage? A. The crocodiles in the area are very friendly to the villagers. B. The crocodiles usually wander about in the center of the town. C. The crocodiles in the town have become a threat to the villagers. D. The capture of the male crocodile took three months. 58. What happened to the crocodile after it was captured? A. It was sent to the ecotourism park for species found in a vast marshland. B. It was sent back to the wilderness. C. It was kept in a fenced cage. D. It became the biggest star in the park. 59. When Elorde finally stood before the crocodile, how did he feel? A. Nervous. B. Proud. C. Shocked. D. Happy. 60. In Elorde’s opinion, the existence of the crocodile in the wild in this area is __________. A. threatening B. puzzling C. reasonable D. suspecting ADADC DCCCA 十、（浙江省新昌中学2012届高三上学期期中考试试题） (C) Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing( 咒骂) the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted (转换) to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football's international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical. 51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _______. A. reexamine the rules for football refereeing B. analyze the causes of errors made by football referees C. set a standard for football refereeing D. review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup 52. The findings of the experiment show that _______. A. errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball B. the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors C. the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur D. errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 53. The word “officials” most probably refers to _______. A. the researchers involved in the experiment B. the inspectors of the football tournament C. the referees of the football tournament D. the observers at the site of the experiment 54. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? A. The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45. B. Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee. C. A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible. D. An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition. (D) Psychology(心理学) has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, together with their patients, are looking for alternative methods of treatment of physical problems. In large hospitals, modern therapy（疗法） seems to focus on the physical disease. Patients may feel they are treated like broken machines. Some doctors have recognized this as a problem. They are now using psychological therapy, in which the patient is working with the doctors against the disease with the help of medicine. The patient does not wait for the medicine and treatment to cure him or her, but instead the patient joins in the fight. The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient's body physically. The body of the patient changes because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease. Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient's physical problems, but the patient's mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family, friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor's treatment must help the patient change that. Simonton's method emphasizes treatment of the “whole” patient. The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive. The physician who is following Simonton's psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that he or she can see the tumor（肿瘤） in the body. In the mental picture, the patient "sees" a powerful beam of radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells. Both the medical therapy and the patient's positive attitude fight the disease. Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the power within their own minds to help stop the disease. Another application of using the mind to help cure disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or rather in a trance（催眠状态）. Then the physician makes “a suggestion” to the patient about the medical problem. The patient's mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment. Doctors have learned that this use of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic（慢性的）diseases. Asthma （哮喘）is an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in breathing. The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily. Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with 121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had excellent results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems. Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has important applications in medicine. 55. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. How suggestion therapy benefits adults and children. B. How modern therapy focuses on the disease. C. Responses from the medical world. D. How to use the mind against disease. 56. How does psychological therapy work? A. The patient waits for the medicine and treatment to cure him. B. The doctor uses medical treatment to cure the patient's problems. C. The doctor, the medicine, and the patient work together to fight disease. D. The patient uses his mind to cure himself. 57. What can we learn from the studies of Carl Simonton, M. D.? A. The medical treatment can cure the patient's mental disease. B. The treatment of a patient by treating the body and the mind is necessary. C. The mental treatment is more important than medical treatment. D. Few patients have emotional response to the disease. 58. The use of psychological therapy is helpful to some patients in that _____. A. the medical effect is better with psychological therapy than without it B. the patients can see a powerful beam of radiation hitting their tumor cells C. the patients' attitudes towards themselves have changed D. the patients are easy to accept the methods the doctors use to treat them 59. It can be learned from the passage that suggestion therapy cannot be used to _____. . A. help adults deal with the strong pain of some diseases B. help the patients with chronic diseases C. help change some bad habits D. help cure patients of insomnia（失眠症） 60. According to the passage, which of the following remains unknown so far? A. The value of mental therapy. B. The effectiveness of suggestion therapy. C. The working principle of suggestion therapy. D. The importance of psychology in medical treatment. 51.BACB 55.DCBCDC 附件1：律师事务所反盗版维权声明
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