重点单词：
引言__________ 稳固的__________方面，部分__________
代表__________与众不同的_______________ 职责___________
profound _________ prospects__________
长期的________ 暂时的_________
deduction_________ administrative__________ stressful ________
重点短语：
与。。。有相同点________________ 对。。。乐观（悲观）________________
交换项目_____________________排队，站排 ______________________
对。。。进行评论_______________轻拔开关_________________________
对。。。过分宠爱_________________逐渐消失____________________
对。。。进行研究__________________把。。。作为_____________________
in favor of __________________lead to (同义短语)___________________
get around ___________________thanks to (同义短语)________________
make a difference _________________
在高海拔_____________________ 遵守规则______________________
指挥交通______________________想当然地认为___________________
与死神擦肩而过________________从黎明到黄昏___________________ short-term renewable contract_____________in the studio ______________
be shot on location________________under the age of 18_______________ open up ________________________ in demand____________________
in practice_____________________ in response to___________________
take notice of __________________ 做事有困难____________________
重点句型
1. It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.
老师是讲英国英语还是美国英语是没有多大区别的。
本句为主从复合句；it 为形式主语,whether 引导的从句为真正的主语。
It doesn’t matter whether you will go or not. 你去不去都没关系。
whether 作“是否”讲时,引导名词性从句。
The problem is whether it is still useful. 问题是这是否仍然有用。
whether, if
二者引导宾语从句时可互换。
whether 可引导表语从句及同位语从句,if不能。
whether 引导的主语从句可位于句首或句尾,if 引导的主语从句只能位于句尾。
whether 可与动词不定式连用,if则不能。
She stood in the doorway, unable to decide whether to go in.
她站在门口,拿不定主意是否进去。
2. Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it’s a torch.
美国人把手电筒称作flashlight,而英国人则叫torch。
句中while是并列连词,连接并列句,意为“然而,而”,此处表示对比,并含有轻微的转折意味。
句型探究
在……过程中,在……期间 (=when)
while 虽然,尽管 (=though)
只要 (=as long as)
Someone came to see you while you were out. 你出去时,有人来找过你。
There will be life while there is water and air. 只要有水和空气,就会有生命。
While he was right, few people would follow him. 虽然他是正确的,但是没有几个人愿意听他的。
注意：while 引导让步状语从句必须置于该从句的句首。
3. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences.
当爱尔兰作家乔治·萧伯纳讲那句名言——英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族时,他显然想到了它们的区别。
本句为主从复合句,when 引导了时间状语从句,在此从句中又含有that引导的同位语从句。
句型探究
同位语从句一般跟在某些名词(如：fact, idea, news, promise, information, message等)的后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词。引导同位语从句的连接代词that,连接副词how, when, where等。
I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他何时回来。
4. But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.
但是这也导致了许多美国英语单词和结构传入英国英语,以至于现在有一些人相信英国英语将要消失。
5. The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.
这两种英语另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发音。
本句为主从复合句,in which 引导定语从句,修饰areas。
句型探究
介词+关系代词引导定语从句的选择：
根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯：
on which I spent 50 yuan.
for which I paid 50 yuan.
This is the dictionary
from which I learnt a lot.
about which he often talks.
根据先行词的搭配习惯：
the day on which I joined the league.
I remember
the days during which I lived there.
the month in which I stayed there.
介词可后移,此时关系词可省略：
to whom we’ll write.
The person
we’ll write to.
6. One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world.
尤其是从拉巴斯通向北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路。
7. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.
当他开着一辆装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道时,他连人带车翻下了300米深的山崖。
本句为主从复合句,when为并列连词,意思是“就在那时,突然……”，when这种用法常用于如下结构：
句型探究
sb. was / were doing sth. when… 某人正做某事时突然
sb. was / were about to do sth. when 某人正要做某事时突然
sb. was / were on the point of doing sth. when… 某人正要做某事时突然
sb. had (just) done sth. when 某人刚做完某事突然
I was about to go to bed when there was a knock on the door.
我正要上床睡觉时,突然有人敲门。
8. For people doing this job, common sense, physical fitness and an outgoing personality are likely to be more important than computer skills.
对从事这个工作的人来说,常识、健康的身体和外向的性格很可能比计算机技能更重要。
9. As more and more countries open up to tourism,more travel agents will be needed,but the real demand will be for guides to take groups and even individuals on adventure holidays.
随着越来越多国家开发旅游业,就需要越来越多旅游代理处,但真正需求量大的却是带领团队或个人去进行冒险度假的导游。
① open up 开发;开辟;打开;畅谈
They opened the country up the trade. 他们使这个国家在贸易上对外开放。
句型探究
② as用法讨论：
conj. 当,正当,随着…… ; 因为,尽管;按照
She dropped the cup as she stood up. 当她站起来时把杯子弄掉了。
Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.
这次事故虽然看起来令人不可思议,却没有人受伤。
I’ll do as you advise. 我会照你的建议去做。
句型探究
adv. 相同,同样,就……而言
Peter runs fast,but I run just as fast. 彼得跑得快,我跑得也很快。
pron.依照……,如……,像……一样
He is a teacher, as is clear from his manner.
他是一位教师,从他的举止可以明显看出来。
prep. 像,作为
He got a job as a driver. 他找到了一份当司机的工作。
句型探究
as的常用短语
as…as… 与……一样(用于肯定句)
not as / so…as 与……不一样(用于否定句)
as if / though 好像,似乎(从句用虚拟语气)
as soon as 一……就……
as long as 只要
so…as to 如此……以至于……
so as to 以便
as far 至于……,就……而言
such as 例如
use…as 把……用作
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