昆明市2014高考英语（阅读理解）一轮训练题（9）及答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects. Teachers teach and students learn, and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.
Sian Beilock and Susan Leving, two psychologists at the University of Chicago, are trying to learn about learning. In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn: If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math. “If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades, it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement,” Levine told Science News. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn—and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.
The new study involved 65 girls, 52 boys and 17 first-and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year, and the researchers compared the scores
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers: To find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math, such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example, was probably anxious about math.
Boys, on average, were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety. On average, girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus, on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy, 20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.
According to surveys done before this one, college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math. Plus, nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women, Levine said.
1. Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ___________.
A. know the effects of teaching on learning
B. study students’ ways of learning math
C. prove women teachers are unfit to teach math
D. find better teaching methods for teachers
2. The underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ___________.
A. end up learning math anxiety from their teachers
B. study the ways their female teachers behave
C. have an influence on their math-anxious female teachers
D. gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math
3. In the study, what were the teachers required to do?
A. Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.
B. Tell their feelings about math problems.
C. Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.
D. Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.
4. What is the finding of the new study?
A. No male students were affected by their teachers’ anxiety.
B. Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys]
C. About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.
D. Girls with math-anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. 117 students and teachers took part in the new study.
B. The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.
C. Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.
D. Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.
参考答案B D B C B
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B
Parents, our first teachers, play a highly significant role in our lives．However, doesn’t it seem that many of us come to have conflicts with them when we start high school? We're less likely to listen to them and take their suggestions---we even rebel against them.
Why? It may be the so-called “generation gap”. A generation gap appears when we begin to feel our parents are ignoring us, don’t understand us, and we feel we can no longer share our feelings with them.
The key reason is our desire for independence. In senior high school, we start to want to take responsibility for our own lives and make our own decisions. But parents resist this. They still want to control us and try to force us to do things they think we should do. Debate and discussion often come to nothing. Gradually, we talk with them less, and keep our feelings locked up inside.
Zhang Xiaoyun, 16, of Ningbo, Zhejiang, has talked less and less with her mother since she started senior high school. “She believes studies should be my priority, not my inner world,” Zhang said. “Each day, she asks me the same old questions like, ‘How was your last exam?’ or ‘Have you made any progress in physics?’” To Zhang, these questions are annoying and so she always tries to ignore them and answers perfunctorily. “Sometimes, when I get upset, I quarrel with her. After, she comes to apologize and comfort me. But I know, she doesn’t completely understand me,” Zhang said. Now, a home that was once full of laughter has fallen into gloom and silence.
The generation gap can be harmful. Because of the lack of communication, our parents no longer know what we are thinking about. There are quarrels, even over trivial things. When that happens, we may not be able to concentrate on our studies. Some of us even become afraid to go home after school---a very serious situation for the whole family.
6. Which of the following is not included in the passage?
A. The causes of generation gap.
B. The effects of generation gap.
C. One example of generation gap.
D. Ways of narrowing generation gap.
7. Which of the following is one reason for the generation gap according to the passage?
A. Modern society changing very fast.
B. Parents having unrealistic hopes of their children.
C. Parents and kids not understanding and respecting each other.
D. Young people liking to escape from the control of their parents.
8. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “perfunctorily”?
A. attentively
B. indifferently(冷淡地)
C. flatteringly(奉承地)
D. seriously
9. In the view of the author, ________.
A. parents should allow their children more freedom
B. parents and children should not stay together
C. the younger generation should value the older generation
D. academic records are more important than one’s inner world
参考答案DCBA
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（2011·江西卷）C
The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating form England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
66. How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?
A. Through his observation of the country life.
B. Through the combination of different ideas.
C. By taking other people’s advice.
D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.
67. The underlined phrase“drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.
A. making use of B. making comments on
C. giving an explanation of D. giving a description of
68. According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.
A. as far as possible from existing cities
B. in the countryside where the land was cheap
C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed
D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed
69. What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?
A. Their number would continue to rise
B. Each one would continue to become larger
C. People would live and work in the same place
D. Each one would contain a certain type of business
70. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. City and Countryside B. The Invention of the Garden City
C.A New City in Chicago D. A Famous Garden City in England
66题：
答案：D
考点：细节理解题
解析：通过文章第一段的第三句得出：芝加哥的花园城市几乎成为了Howard 后来命名的来源。选项选择D, 选项A,B,C未体现
?
67题
答案：A
考点：词义理解题
解析：通过文章第一段叙述可知Howard在到达芝加哥后有了创建“花园城市“的灵感，回到伦敦后，他运用当时所流行的观点把各种设计进行了结合，形成了他自己的独特设计。选项选择A
?
68题
答案：B
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据文章第二段的最后一句话可知：要远离现有的城市带以保证土地可以以最低的价位买到。解题关键在：to make sure 表示目的是，重点在后面。Bottom price 指最低价格，对应文章选项的土地便宜。答案选择B. 选项A,C,D 都不是建造花园城市的关键要求。
?
69题
答案：A
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据文章第三句可知：当越来越多的人搬入花园城市，花园城市就会达到它的预期极限，然后，在不远的地方又会建造另外一个花园城市。答案选择:A.?
选项B, 每一个花园城市并不会一直扩大，到了一定程度，就会到达极限，另一个花园城市会再建造起来，该选项错误
选项C. 不同的花园城市建造起来，人们不会在同一个地点生活和上班。该选项错误
选项D?每一个花园城市都有带有农业和一些工业企业，并不只带有一种特定的经济。从最后一段的第二句可以得出该选项错误。
70题
答案：B
考点：主旨大意题
解析：从文章通篇可知，文章讲到的是由芝加哥花园城市的建立到伦敦花园城市的建立，再到文章二段，三段讲到的花园城市建立需要的一些条件和建立的模式可知道文章重点是围绕花园城市的创立来展开的。A选项与文章本身不符合，C选项芝加哥新城只是文章开头的引入，后面通篇围绕的都是花园城市展开，与文章本身不符合，D选项的英格兰花园城市只是花园城市的一个典型代表，选项并没有进行通篇描述这一个花园城市，而是转入花园城市的总体建立条件和模式展开。故答案选择B.
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